A cikin kashi na biyu na labarin da marubucinmu na fasaha Andrey Starovoitov ya yi, za mu dubi yadda aka kafa ainihin farashin fassarar takardun fasaha. Idan ba ku son karanta rubutu da yawa, nan da nan ku dubi sashin “Misalai” a ƙarshen labarin.
Kuna iya karanta sashin farko na labarin .
Don haka, kun tsai da shawarar wa za ku yi aiki tare kan fassarar software. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman batutuwa a cikin shawarwari shine ko da yaushe tattaunawa akan farashin sabis. Menene ainihin abin da za ku biya?
(Tunda kowane kamfani na fassara ya bambanta, ba mu da'awar cewa komai zai yi daidai kamar yadda aka bayyana muku a ƙasa. Duk da haka, ina raba gwaninta a nan)
1) UI & Doc kalma
Ba kome ko kana neman fassara gui ko takaddun shaida, ana cajin masu fassarar kowace kalma. Biyan kowace kalma shine babban batu a cikin tattaunawar farashin.
Misali, za ku fassara software zuwa Jamusanci. Kamfanin fassarar ya gaya muku cewa farashin kowace kalma zai zama $ 0.20 (duk farashin da ke cikin labarin yana cikin dalar Amurka, farashin kusan).
Ko kun yarda ko a'a - duba da kanku. Kuna iya ƙoƙarin yin ciniki.
2) Sa'ar harshe
Kamfanonin fassara suna da ƙaramin adadin kalmomin da dole ne a aika don fassara. Misali, kalmomi 250. Idan ka aika ƙasa da ƙasa, za ka biya don “sa’ar harshe” (misali, $40).
Gabaɗaya, lokacin da kuka aika ƙasa da mafi ƙanƙanta da ake buƙata, kamfanoni na iya yin hali daban. Idan kuna buƙatar fassarar jumloli 1-2 cikin gaggawa, wasu na iya yin hakan kyauta a matsayin kyauta ga abokin ciniki. Idan kuna buƙatar fassarar kalmomi 50-100, za su iya shirya shi tare da rangwamen sa'o'i 0.5.
3) Kalmar UI & Doc don talla
Wasu kamfanonin fassara suna ba da sabis na “fassarar ta musamman” - galibi ana amfani da ita a lokuta da ake buƙatar fassara wani abu don talla.
Wani gogaggen “hasken harshe” ne zai yi irin wannan fassarar wanda ya san ɗimbin karin magana, yayi amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kalmomi, ya san yadda ake sake tsara jumla ta yadda rubutun ya zama mai jan hankali, ya daɗe a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da sauransu.
Kudin irin wannan fassarar zai, a kan haka, ya fi tsada. Misali, idan farashin fassarori mai sauƙi shine $0.20 kowace kalma, to don fassarar “na musamman” shine $0.23.
4) Sa'ar harshe don talla
Idan kuna buƙatar yin fassarar "musamman", amma kun aika ƙasa da mafi ƙanƙanta da kamfani ya kafa, dole ne ku biya "sa'a na musamman na harshe".
Irin wannan sa'a kuma za ta fi tsada fiye da yadda aka saba. Misali, idan farashin na yau da kullun shine $ 40, to na musamman yana kusan $ 45.
Amma kuma, kamfanin zai iya saduwa da ku rabin hanya. Idan ɓangaren rubutun yana da ƙanƙanta, za su iya fassara shi cikin rabin sa'a.
5) Farashin PM
Ko da a lokacin tattaunawar farko, an tattauna irin wannan ma'auni kamar "biyan kuɗi na manajan". Menene shi?
A cikin manyan kamfanonin fassara, an sanya ku mai sarrafa na sirri. Kuna aika duk abin da kuke buƙata don fassara masa, kuma ya riga ya yi duk ayyukan ƙungiyar:
- idan albarkatun ku suna buƙatar shirya don fassarar, to mai sarrafa ya aika su zuwa injiniyoyi (ƙari akan wannan daga baya);
- idan kamfani yana da umarni da yawa da masu fassara da yawa (masu magana na asali) a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban, to, manajan zai tattauna wanene daga cikinsu a halin yanzu yana da 'yanci kuma zai iya hanzarta kammala fassarar;
- idan masu fassara suna da tambayoyi game da fassarar, manajan zai tambaye ku su, sa'an nan kuma ba da amsar ga masu fassara;
- idan canja wurin yana da gaggawa, manajan zai yanke shawarar wanda zai iya yin aiki akan kari;
- idan kuna buƙatar fassara, kuma masu fassara a wata ƙasa suna da hutun jama'a, to manajan zai nemi wanda zai iya maye gurbinsu, da sauransu, da dai sauransu.
Wato, manajan shine hanyar haɗin kai da masu fassara. Kuna aika albarkatu don fassarar + wani abu don tsabta ( sharhi, hotuna, bidiyo) kuma shi ke nan - sannan manajan zai kula da komai. Zai sanar da ku lokacin da canja wurin ya zo.
Manajan kuma yana karɓar kuɗi don duk wannan aikin. Sau da yawa an haɗa shi a cikin farashin oda, abu ne daban kuma ana ƙididdige shi azaman kashi na tsari. Misali, 6%.
6) Lokacin aikin injiniya na gida
Idan abin da kuka aika don fassarar ya ƙunshi ID, tags, da sauransu waɗanda ba sa buƙatar fassarawa, to tsarin fassarar atomatik (kayan aikin CAT) zai ƙidaya su kuma ya haɗa su cikin farashi na ƙarshe.
Don guje wa wannan, ana fara ba da irin wannan rubutun ga injiniyoyi, waɗanda suke gudanar da shi ta hanyar rubutun, su kulle su kuma cire duk abin da ba ya buƙatar fassara. Don haka, ba za a caje ku don waɗannan abubuwan ba.
Da zarar an fassara rubutun, ana gudanar da shi ta wani rubutun da ke ƙara waɗannan abubuwan zuwa rubutun da aka riga aka fassara.
Don irin waɗannan hanyoyin ana cajin ƙayyadaddun kuɗi azaman "sa'ar injiniya". Misali $34.
A matsayin misali, bari mu kalli hotuna 2. Ga rubutun da ya zo don fassara daga abokin ciniki (tare da ID da alamun):
Ga kuma abin da masu fassara za su samu bayan injiniyoyi sun gudanar da rubutun ta hanyar:
Akwai fa'idodi guda 2 a nan - 1) an cire abubuwan da ba dole ba daga farashin, 2) masu fassara ba dole ba ne su yi tinker tare da tags da sauran abubuwan - akwai ƙarancin damar cewa wani zai yi rikici a wani wuri.
7) CAT kayan aikin lalata samfurin
Don fassarori, kamfanoni suna amfani da tsarin sarrafa kansa daban-daban da ake kira kayan aikin CAT (kayan aikin Fassara-Taimakon Kwamfuta). Misalan irin waɗannan tsarin sune Trados, Transit, Memoq da sauransu.
Wannan baya nufin cewa kwamfutar zata fassara. Irin waɗannan tsarin suna taimakawa ƙirƙirar Ƙwaƙwalwar Fassara ta yadda ba sai ka fassara abin da aka riga aka fassara ba. Hakanan suna taimakawa fahimtar cewa ana iya sake amfani da fassarorin da aka yi a baya cikin sababbi. Waɗannan tsare-tsaren suna taimakawa wajen haɗa ƙamus, karya rubutu zuwa rukunoni kuma a sarari fahimtar nawa da abin da za a biya, da sauransu.
Lokacin da ka aika rubutu don fassara, ana gudanar da shi ta irin wannan tsarin - yana nazarin rubutun, yana kwatanta shi da ƙwaƙwalwar fassarar da ke akwai (idan akwai ɗaya) kuma ya karya rubutun zuwa rukuni. Kowane rukuni zai sami nasa farashin, kuma waɗannan farashin wani batu ne na tattaunawa a cikin shawarwari.
Bari mu yi tunanin, a matsayin misali, cewa mun tuntuɓi wani kamfani na fassara kuma muka tambayi nawa za a kashe don fassara takardu zuwa Jamusanci. An gaya mana $0.20 kowace kalma. Sannan suna ba da sunayen farashin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka raba rubutun a cikinsu yayin bincike:
1) Category Babu wasa ko Sabbin kalmomi - 100%. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan babu wani abu da za a iya sake amfani da shi daga ƙwaƙwalwar fassarar, to ana ɗaukar cikakken farashi - a cikin misalinmu, $ 0.20 kowace kalma.
2) Matsayin Mahimman Bayanai - 0%. Idan jumlar ta zo daidai da wanda aka fassara a baya kuma jimla mai zuwa ba ta canza ba, to irin wannan fassarar za ta kasance kyauta - kawai za a sake amfani da ita daga ƙwaƙwalwar fassarar.
3) Maimaita rukuni ko wasa 100% - 25%. Idan an maimaita jumla sau da yawa a cikin rubutun, za su cajin kashi 25% na farashin kowace kalma don ita (a misalinmu ya zama $0.05). Ana ɗaukar wannan kuɗin don mai fassara don duba yadda za a karanta fassarar jumlar a cikin yanayi daban-daban.
4) Kashi mara nauyi (75-94%) - 60%. Idan za a iya sake amfani da fassarar data kasance da kashi 75-94%, to za a caje ta a kashi 60% na farashin kowace kalma. A cikin misalinmu ya juya ya zama $0.12.
Duk wani abu da ke ƙasa da 75% zai biya daidai da sabuwar kalma - $0.20.
5) Nau'i Mai Girma (95-99%) - 30%. Idan za a iya sake amfani da fassarar data kasance da kashi 95-99%, to za a caje ta a kashi 30% na farashin kowace kalma. A cikin misalinmu, wannan yana fitowa zuwa $0.06.
Duk wannan ba shi da sauƙin fahimta ta hanyar karanta rubutu ɗaya.
Bari mu kalli takamaiman misalai - yi tunanin cewa mun fara haɗin gwiwa tare da wani kamfani kuma mun aika da sassa daban-daban don fassarawa.
MISALI:
Sashe na 1: (Memory na fassarar fanko ne)
Don haka, ka fara aiki tare da sabon kamfanin fassara kuma ka nemi wani abu da za a fassara shi a karon farko. Misali, wannan jumla:
Injin kama-da-wane kwafin kwafi ne na zahiri wanda za'a iya amfani dashi tare da tsarin aiki.
Sharhi: Tsarin zai ga cewa ƙwaƙwalwar fassarar ba ta da komai - babu wani abin da za a sake amfani da shi. Adadin kalmomin shine 21. Dukansu an bayyana su a matsayin sababbi, kuma farashin irin wannan fassarar zai kasance: 21 x $0.20 = $4.20
Sashe na 2: (bari mu yi tunanin cewa saboda wasu dalilai kun aika daidai jumla ɗaya don fassarar kamar ta farko)
Injin kama-da-wane kwafin kwafi ne na zahiri wanda za'a iya amfani dashi tare da tsarin aiki.
Sharhi: A wannan yanayin, tsarin zai ga cewa an riga an fassara irin wannan jumla, kuma mahallin (jimlar da ke gaba) ba ta canza ba. Don haka, ana iya sake amfani da irin wannan fassarar cikin aminci, kuma ba lallai ne ku biya komai ba. Farashin - 0.
Sashe na 3: (Kuna aika jumla ɗaya don fassarar, amma an ƙara sabon jimla na kalmomi 5 a farkon)
Menene injin kama-da-wane? Na'ura mai kama-da-wane kwafin kwafi ne na zahiri wanda za'a iya amfani dashi tare da tsarin aiki.
Sharhi: Tsarin zai ga sabon tayin na kalmomi 5 kuma ya ƙidaya shi a cikakken farashi - $0.20 x 5 = $1. Amma jimla ta biyu gaba ɗaya ta zo daidai da wanda aka fassara a baya, amma mahallin ya canza (an ƙara jimla a gaba). Saboda haka, za a rarraba shi azaman wasa 100% kuma a lissafta shi azaman $0.05 x 21 = $1,05. Wannan adadin za a caje shi don mai fassara ya duba cewa za a iya sake amfani da fassarar da ake da ita na jimla ta biyu - ba za a sami sabani na nahawu ko na ma'ana da ke da alaƙa da fassarar sabuwar jimla ba.
Sashe na 4: (bari mu yi tunanin cewa a wannan lokacin kun aika da abu ɗaya kamar yadda yake a cikin kashi na 3, tare da canji ɗaya kawai - sarari 2 tsakanin jimloli)
Menene injin kama-da-wane? Na'ura mai kama-da-wane kwafin kwafi ne na zahiri wanda za'a iya amfani dashi tare da tsarin aiki.
Sharhi: Kamar yadda ake iya gani a cikin hoton allo, tsarin ba ya la'akari da wannan yanayin a matsayin canji a cikin mahallin - fassarar kalmomi guda biyu a cikin tsari ɗaya ya riga ya kasance a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar fassarar, kuma za'a iya sake amfani da shi. Don haka farashin shine 0.
Sashe na 5: (aika magana iri ɗaya kamar yadda yake a kashi na 1, kawai canza “an” zuwa “da”)
Na'ura mai kama-da-wane ita ce kwafi na kwamfyuta ta zahiri wacce za a iya amfani da ita tare da tsarin aiki.
Sharhi: Tsarin yana ganin wannan canji kuma yana ƙididdige cewa za a iya sake amfani da fassarar da ke akwai da kashi 97%. Me yasa daidai 97%, kuma a cikin misali na gaba tare da irin wannan ƙananan canji - 99%? Dokokin rarrabuwa an haɗa su cikin dabaru na ciki na tsarin ta masu haɓakawa. Kuna iya karanta ƙarin game da rarrabawa . Yawancin lokaci suna amfani da ƙa'idodin rarrabuwa na asali, amma a wasu tsarin ana iya canza su don ƙara daidaito da daidaiton rugujewar rubutu don harsuna daban-daban. Kuna iya karanta ƙarin game da yadda zaku iya canza ƙa'idodin rarrabawa a cikin memoQ .
Don haka, ikon sake amfani da fassarar ta 97% yana bayyana kalmomi a cikin nau'in High-fizzy, kuma, bisa ga misalinmu, farashin irin wannan fassarar zai zama $ 0.06 x 21 = $ 1,26. Ana ɗaukar wannan farashin don gaskiyar cewa mai fassara zai bincika ko fassarar ɓangaren da aka canza a cikin ma'ana kuma a cikin nahawu ya saba wa sauran fassarar, wanda za a ɗauka daga ƙwaƙwalwar tsarin.
Misalin da aka bayar yana da sauƙi kuma baya nuna cikakken mahimmancin irin wannan cak. Amma a yawancin lokuta yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa fassarar sabon sashi tare da tsohon ya kasance "mai karantawa kuma mai fahimta".
Sashe na 6: (muna aika don fassara jumla ɗaya kamar a cikin kashi na 1st, ana ƙara waƙafi kawai bayan “kwamfuta”)
Na'ura mai kama-da-wane kwafin kwamfyuta ce ta zahiri, wacce za a iya amfani da ita tare da tsarin aiki.
Sharhi: Duk abin da ke nan daidai yake da a cikin kashi na 5, kawai tsarin, bisa ga tunaninsa na ciki, ya ƙayyade cewa fassarar da ke akwai za a iya sake amfani da shi da 99%.
Sashe na 7: (muna aika don fassara jumla ɗaya kamar yadda yake a kashi na 1st, amma wannan lokacin ƙarshen ya canza)
Injin kama-da-wane kwafin kwamfyuta ce ta zahiri wacce za a iya amfani da ita tare da shahararrun OS.
Sharhi: Tsarin zai ga cewa ƙarshen ya canza kuma zai ƙididdige cewa a wannan lokacin ana iya sake amfani da fassarar data kasance da kashi 92%. A wannan yanayin, kalmomin sun faɗi cikin nau'in mara nauyi, kuma za a ƙididdige farashin wannan fassarar a matsayin $0.12 x 21 = $2,52. Ana cajin wannan farashin ba don fassara sababbin kalmomi kawai ba, har ma don duba yadda tsohuwar fassarar ta yarda da sabuwar.
Sashi na 8: (muna aika da sabuwar jumla don fassara, wanda shine sashin farko na jimla daga kashi na 1st)
Injin kama-da-wane kwafin kwamfyuta ce ta zahiri.
Sharhi: Bayan bincike, tsarin yana ganin cewa za a iya sake amfani da fassarar da ke akwai da kashi 57%, amma wannan rabo ba a haɗa shi cikin ko dai High-fuzzy ko Low-fuzzy. Dangane da yarjejeniyar, duk abin da ke ƙasa da kashi 75% ana fassara shi azaman Babu wasa. Dangane da haka, ana ƙididdige farashin gabaɗaya, don sabbin kalmomi - $ 0.20 x 11 = $ 2,20.
Sashe na 9: (aika jumlar da ta ƙunshi rabin jimlar da aka fassara a baya da rabin wata sabuwa)
Injin kama-da-wane kwafin kwamfyuta ce ta zahiri wacce za a iya bi da ita azaman PC na gaske idan kuna aiki da ita ta hanyar RDP.
Sharhi: Tsarin yana ganin cewa za a iya sake amfani da fassarar da ke akwai da kashi 69%. Amma, kamar yadda yake a cikin kashi na 8, wannan rabo baya faɗuwa cikin ko dai High-fuzzy ko Low-fuzzy. Saboda haka, za a ƙididdige farashin a matsayin sabon kalmomi: $0.20 x 26 = $5,20.
Sashi na 10: (muna aika sabuwar jumla don fassara, wacce ta ƙunshi kalmomi iri ɗaya da jumlolin da aka fassara a baya, amma waɗannan kalmomi ne kawai suke cikin wani tsari na dabam)
Kwamfuta ta zahiri da ke aiki tare da tsarin aiki mai watsa shiri ana kiranta injin kama-da-wane.
Sharhi: Kodayake duk waɗannan kalmomi an fassara su a baya, tsarin yana ganin cewa wannan lokacin suna cikin sabon tsari. Saboda haka, yana rarraba su cikin Sabbin kalmomi kuma yana ƙididdige farashin fassarar gabaɗaya - $0.20 x 16 = $3,20.
Sashe na 11: (muna aika don fassara wani rubutu wanda aka maimaita jumla ɗaya sau biyu a cikinsa)
Kuna so ku adana kuɗi? Sayi Parallels Desktop kuma yi amfani da aikace-aikacen Windows da macOS biyu akan kwamfuta ɗaya ba tare da sake farawa ba. Kuna so ku adana kuɗi? Kira mu yanzu kuma sami rangwame.
Sharhi: Bayan bincike, tsarin yana ganin cewa ana amfani da ɗayan jimlolin sau biyu. Don haka, kalmomi 6 daga jimla da aka maimaita suna cikin rukunin Maimaitawa, sauran kalmomi 30 kuma suna cikin sashin Sabbin kalmomi. Za a lissafta farashin irin wannan canja wuri kamar $0.05 x 6 + $0.20 x 30 = $6,30. Ana ɗaukar farashin maimaita jimla don bincika cewa fassararta (lokacin da aka fassara ta da farko) za'a iya sake amfani da ita a cikin sabon mahallin.
Kammalawa:
Bayan an amince da farashin, an sanya hannu kan kwangilar da za a daidaita waɗannan farashin. Bugu da kari, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar NDA (yarjejeniya ta rashin bayyanawa) - yarjejeniya wacce a karkashinta bangarorin biyu suka yi alkawarin kada su bayyana bayanan cikin abokin tarayya ga kowa.
Bisa ga wannan yarjejeniya, kamfanin fassara kuma ya ɗauki nauyin samar muku da ƙwaƙwalwar fassara a yayin da aka ƙare kwangilar. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don kar a bar shi da kwandon shara idan kun yanke shawarar canza mai wurin. Godiya ga ƙwaƙwalwar fassara, za ku sami duk fassarorin da aka yi a baya, kuma sabon kamfani na iya sake amfani da su.
Yanzu zaku iya fara haɗin gwiwa.
source: www.habr.com