Bayan shekaru biyu na aiki, haɗin gwiwar ma'auni na zane-zane Khronos ya buga ƙayyadaddun Vulkan 1.3, wanda ke ma'anar API don samun damar zane-zane da ikon lissafin GPUs. Sabuwar ƙayyadaddun ya haɗa da gyare-gyare da kari da aka tara sama da shekaru biyu. An lura cewa buƙatun ƙayyadaddun Vulkan 1.3 an tsara su don kayan aikin zane-zane na aji na OpenGL ES 3.1, wanda zai tabbatar da goyan bayan sabon API graphics a cikin duk GPUs waɗanda ke tallafawa Vulkan 1.2. Ana shirin buga kayan aikin Vulkan SDK a tsakiyar watan Fabrairu. Baya ga ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, an tsara shi don ba da ƙarin haɓakawa don tsakiyar kewayon da manyan na'urori na hannu da na tebur, waɗanda za a tallafawa a matsayin wani ɓangare na bugu na "Vulkan Milestone".
A lokaci guda, an gabatar da wani shiri don aiwatar da tallafi don sabon ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai da ƙarin kari a cikin katunan zane da direbobi na na'ura. Intel, AMD, ARM da NVIDIA suna shirye don sakin samfuran da ke tallafawa Vulkan 1.3. Misali, AMD ta sanar da cewa nan ba da jimawa ba za ta goyi bayan Vulkan 1.3 a cikin jerin katunan zane-zane na AMD Radeon RX Vega, da kuma a cikin dukkan katunan da suka dogara da tsarin gine-gine na AMD RDNA. NVIDIA tana shirin buga direbobi tare da goyan bayan Vulkan 1.3 don Linux da Windows. ARM za ta ƙara tallafi don Vulkan 1.3 zuwa GPUs na Mali.
Manyan sabbin abubuwa:
- An aiwatar da tallafi don sauƙaƙan izinin fassarori (Streamlining Render Passes, VK_KHR_dynamic_rendering), yana ba ku damar fara nunawa ba tare da ƙirƙiri fasfo ɗin maɗaukaki ba da abubuwan ƙirƙira.
- An ƙara sabbin abubuwan haɓakawa don sauƙaƙa sarrafa sarrafa bututun zane (bututun, saitin ayyukan da ke juyar da zane-zane na al'ada da laushi zuwa wakilcin pixel).
- VK_EXT_extended_dynamic_state, VK_EXT_extended_dynamic_state2 - ƙara ƙarin jahohi masu ƙarfi don rage adadin abubuwan da aka haɗa da haɗe-haɗe.
- VK_EXT_pipeline_creation_cache_control - Yana ba da ingantaccen sarrafawa akan lokacin da kuma yadda ake haɗa bututun.
- VK_EXT_pipeline_creation_feedback - Yana ba da bayanai game da haɗaɗɗun bututun don sauƙaƙe bayanin martaba da gyara kuskure.
- An canza abubuwa da yawa daga na zaɓi zuwa na dole. Misali, aiwatar da nassoshi na buffer (VK_KHR_buffer_device_address) da samfurin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na Vulkan, wanda ke bayyana yadda zaren lokaci ɗaya zai iya samun damar bayanan da aka raba da ayyukan aiki tare, yanzu sun zama tilas.
- An ba da kulawar rukunin ƙungiyoyi masu kyau (VK_EXT_subgroup_size_control) don masu siyarwa su ba da goyan baya ga girman rukunin ƙungiyoyi masu yawa kuma masu haɓakawa za su iya zaɓar girman da suke buƙata.
- An samar da tsawo na VK_KHR_shader_integer_dot_product, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don inganta aikin tsarin koyo na inji godiya ga haɓaka kayan aikin ɗigo.
- An haɗa jimlar sabbin haɓaka 23:
- VK_KHR_kwafin_umarni2
- VK_KHR_dynamic_rendering
- VK_KHR_tsarin_feature_flags2
- VK_KHR_maintenance4
- VK_KHR_shader_integer_dot_samfurin
- VK_KHR_shader_non_semantic_bayani
- VK_KHR_shader_kashe kiran
- VK_KHR_synchronization2
- VK_KHR_zero_initialize_group_memory
- VK_EXT_4444_sassun labarai
- VK_EXT_a tsawaita_dynamic_state
- VK_EXT_extended_dynamic_state2
- VK_EXT_image_butting
- VK_EXT_inline_uniform_block
- VK_EXT_pipeline_creation_cache_control
- VK_EXT_pipeline_creation_feedback
- VK_EXT_are_data
- VK_EXT_shader_demote_to_ taimako
- VK_EXT_subgroup_size_control
- VK_EXT_texel_buffer_alignment
- VK_EXT_texture_compression_astc_hdr
- VK_EXT_tooling_info
- VK_EXT_ycbcr_2plane_444_tsari
- An ƙara sabon nau'in abu VkPrivateDataSlot. Sabbin umarni 37 da fiye da sifofi 60 an aiwatar da su.
- An sabunta ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun SPIR-V 1.6 don ayyana wakilcin inuwa mai tsaka-tsaki wanda ke duniya ga duk dandamali kuma ana iya amfani da shi don duka zane-zane da lissafin layi ɗaya. SPIR-V ya ƙunshi raba wani lokaci na tattara shader daban zuwa matsakaicin wakilci, wanda ke ba ku damar ƙirƙirar gaba don manyan harsuna daban-daban. Dangane da aiwatar da manyan matakai daban-daban, ana samar da lambar tsaka-tsaki guda ɗaya daban, wacce direbobin OpenGL, Vulkan da OpenCL za su iya amfani da su ba tare da amfani da ginanniyar haɗar shader ba.
- An gabatar da manufar bayanin martabar dacewa. Google shine farkon wanda ya fitar da bayanan tushe don dandamali na Android, wanda zai sauƙaƙa tantance matakin tallafi na ci-gaba na iyawar Vulkan akan na'urar fiye da ƙayyadaddun Vulkan 1.0. Don yawancin na'urori, ana iya bayar da tallafin bayanan martaba ba tare da shigar da sabuntawar OTA ba.
Bari mu tuna cewa Vulkan API sananne ne don sauƙaƙe sauƙin direbobi, canja wurin tsararrun umarni na GPU zuwa gefen aikace-aikacen, ikon haɗa yadudduka debugging, haɗin API don dandamali daban-daban da kuma amfani da precompiled. matsakaicin wakilcin lambar don aiwatarwa a gefen GPU. Don tabbatar da babban aiki da tsinkaya, Vulkan yana ba da aikace-aikace tare da sarrafa kai tsaye akan ayyukan GPU da tallafi na asali don GPU Multi-threading, wanda ke rage girman direba kuma yana sa ikon gefen direba ya fi sauƙi kuma mai iya faɗi. Misali, ayyuka kamar sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da sarrafa kuskure, waɗanda aka aiwatar a cikin OpenGL a gefen direba, ana matsar da su zuwa matakin aikace-aikacen a cikin Vulkan.
Vulkan ya keɓanta duk dandamali da ake da su kuma yana ba da API guda ɗaya don tebur, wayar hannu, da gidan yanar gizo, yana ba da damar API gama gari don amfani da su a cikin GPUs da aikace-aikace da yawa. Godiya ga tsarin gine-ginen multilayer na Vulkan, wanda ke nufin kayan aikin da ke aiki tare da kowane GPU, OEMs na iya amfani da daidaitattun kayan aikin masana'antu don sake duba lambar, zamewa, da bayanin martaba yayin haɓakawa. Don ƙirƙirar inuwa, sabon wakilci mai ɗaukar hoto, SPIR-V, an ƙaddamar da shi, dangane da LLVM da raba mahimman fasahar tare da OpenCL. Don sarrafa na'urori da fuska, Vulkan yana ba da tsarin haɗin gwiwar WSI (Window System Integration), wanda ke magance kusan matsaloli iri ɗaya kamar EGL a cikin OpenGL ES. Ana samun tallafin WSI daga cikin akwatin a cikin Wayland - duk aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da Vulkan na iya gudana a cikin yanayin sabar Wayland da ba a gyara ba. Hakanan ana ba da ikon yin aiki ta hanyar WSI don Android, X11 (tare da DRI3), Windows, Tizen, macOS da iOS.
source: budenet.ru