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An buga bugu na 54 na jerin manyan kwamfutoci masu inganci

aka buga Mas'ala ta 54 kimantawa 500 mafi kyawun kwamfutoci a duniya. A cikin sabon fitowar, manyan goma ba su canza ba. Tarin yana kan matsayi na farko a cikin matsayi taron tura ta IBM a Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Amurka). Tarin yana gudanar da Red Hat Enterprise Linux kuma ya ƙunshi nau'ikan sarrafawa miliyan 2.4 (ta amfani da 22-core IBM Power9 22C 3.07GHz CPUs da NVIDIA Tesla V100 accelerators), waɗanda ke ba da aikin 148 petaflops.

Tarin Amurka ya dauki matsayi na biyu Sierra, wanda aka shigar a Cibiyar Nazarin Ƙasa ta Livermore ta IBM bisa tsarin dandamali mai kama da taron koli da kuma nuna aikin a 94 petaflops (kimanin 1.5 miliyan cores).

A matsayi na uku akwai gungu na kasar Sin Sunway TaihuLight, aiki a Cibiyar Supercomputing na kasar Sin, ciki har da fiye da miliyan 10 na'urorin kwamfuta da kuma nuna aikin petaflops 93. Duk da makamantan alamun aiki, gungu na Saliyo yana cinye rabin makamashi kamar Sunway TaihuLight.

A matsayi na hudu akwai gungu na Tianhe-2A na kasar Sin, wanda ya hada da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 5 miliyan 61 da ke da kusan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iri miliyan XNUMX.

Tarin ya ɗauki matsayi na biyar a cikin kima Frontera, wanda Dell ya samar don Cibiyar Kwamfuta ta Texas. Tarin yana gudanar da CentOS Linux 7 kuma ya haɗa da fiye da nau'ikan 448 dubu bisa Xeon Platinum 8280 28C 2.7GHz. Jimlar girman RAM shine 1.5 PB, kuma aikin ya kai petaflops 23, wanda shine sau 6 ƙasa da jagora a cikin ƙimar.

Abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa:

  • Sabuwar rukunin na Rasha ya ɗauki matsayi na 29 a cikin kima SberCloud, kaddamar da Sberbank. An gina gungu a kan dandalin NVIDIA DGX-2, yana amfani da Xeon Platinum 8168 24C 2.7GHz CPU kuma yana da nau'ikan kwamfuta 99600. Ayyukan SberCloud shine 6.6 petaflops. Tsarin aiki shine Ubuntu 18.04.01.

    Rukunin gida na biyu, Lomonosov 2, ya tashi daga matsayi na 6 zuwa 93 a cikin matsayi na tsawon watanni 107. Tari a ciki Roshydromet ya sauka daga 365 zuwa 465 wuri. Adadin gungu na cikin gida a cikin martaba sama da watanni shida ya ƙaru daga 2 zuwa 3 (a cikin 2017 akwai 5). tsarin gida, kuma a cikin 2012 - 12);

  • Rarraba ta adadin manyan kwamfutoci a ƙasashe daban-daban:
    • China: 228 (watanni 219 da suka wuce). Gabaɗaya, gungu na kasar Sin yana samar da kashi 31.9% na duk abin da ake samarwa (watanni shida da suka gabata - 29.9%);
    • Amurka: 117 (116). An kiyasta jimlar yawan aiki a 37.8% (shekara daya da ta wuce - 38.4%);
    • Japan: 29 (29);
    • Faransa: 18 (19);
    • Jamus: 16 (14);
    • Netherlands: 15 (13);
    • Ireland: 14 (13);
    • Birtaniya: 11 (18);
    • Kanada 9 (8);
    • Italiya: 5 (5);
    • Singapore 4 (5);
    • Australia, Koriya ta Kudu, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Rasha: 3;
  • A cikin martabar tsarin aiki da ake amfani da su a cikin manyan kwamfutoci, Linux kawai ya rage tsawon shekaru biyu da rabi;
  • Rarraba ta rarrabawar Linux (a cikin baka - watanni 6 da suka gabata):
    • 49.6% (48.8%) ba su dalla-dalla rarrabawar,
    • 26.4% (27.8%) suna amfani da CentOS,
    • 6.8% (7.6%) - Cray Linux,
    • 4.8% (4.8%) - RHEL,
    • 3% (3%) - SUSE,
    • 2% (1.6%) - Ubuntu;
    • 0.4% (0.4%) - Linux na Kimiyya
  • Matsakaicin iyakar aiki don shigar da Top500 a cikin watanni 6 ya karu daga 1022 zuwa teraflops 1142 (a shekarar da ta gabata, gungu 272 kawai ya nuna aikin fiye da petaflop, shekaru biyu da suka gabata - 138, shekaru uku da suka gabata - 94). Don Top100, ƙofar shiga ya karu daga 2395 zuwa 2570 teraflops;
  • Jimlar ayyukan duk tsarin a cikin ƙimar ya karu a cikin shekara daga 1.559 zuwa 1.650 exaflops (shekaru uku da suka wuce 566 petaflops). Tsarin da ya rufe matsayi na yanzu ya kasance a matsayi na 397 a fitowar karshe, kuma na 311 a cikin shekarar da ta gabata;
  • Babban rabon adadin manyan kwamfutoci a sassa daban-daban na duniya shine kamar haka.
    274 supercomputer yana cikin Asiya (267 - watanni shida da suka gabata),
    129 a Amurka (127) da 94 a Turai (98), 3 a Oceania;

  • A matsayin tushen processor, Intel CPUs suna kan gaba - 94% (watanni shida da suka gabata shine 95.6%), a matsayi na biyu shine IBM Power - 2.8% (daga 2.6%), a matsayi na uku shine AMD - 0.6% (0.4% ), a wuri na hudu shine SPARC64 - 0.6% (0.8%);
  • 35.6% (watanni shida da suka gabata 33.2%) na duk na'urorin da aka yi amfani da su suna da nau'ikan 20, 13.8% (16.8%) - 16 cores, 11.2% (11.2%) - 12 cores, 11% (11.2%) - 18 cores, 7.8% ( 7%) - 14 nau'i;
  • 144 daga cikin 500 tsarin (watanni shida da suka wuce - 133) kuma suna amfani da accelerators ko coprocessors, yayin da tsarin 135 ke amfani da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na NVIDIA (watanni shida da suka gabata akwai 125), 5 - Intel Xeon Phi (akwai 5), 1 - PEZY (1) , 1 yana amfani da mafita na matasan (akwai 1), 1 yana amfani da Matrix-2000 (1), 1 AMD Vega GPU (watanni XNUMX da suka wuce AMD accelerators ba a yi amfani da su ba);
  • Daga cikin masana'antun gungu, Lenovo ya ɗauki matsayi na farko - 34.8% (shekara da ta wuce 34.6%), wuri na biyu
    Sugon ya jagoranci kashi 14.2% (12.6%), Inspur ya dauki matsayi na uku - 13.2% (14.2%), matsayi na hudu shine Hewlett-Packard - 7% (8%) da 7% (7.8%), Atos ya biyo baya. - 4.6%, IBM 2.6 (2.4%), Fujitsu 2.6% (2.6%), Penguin Computing - 2.2% (1.8%), Dell EMC 2.2% (3%), Huawei 2% (1.4%), NVIDIA 1.2%. Shekaru biyar da suka gabata, rarraba tsakanin masana'antun ya kasance kamar haka: Hewlett-Packard 36%, IBM 35%, Cray 10.2% da SGI 3.8%;

  • Ana amfani da Ethernet don haɗa nodes a cikin 52% na gungu, ana amfani da InfiniBand a cikin 28% na gungu, kuma ana amfani da Omnipath a cikin 10%.

    Lokacin kallon aikin gabaɗaya, tsarin tushen InfiniBand yana da kashi 40% na babban aikin Top500, yayin da Ethernet ke lissafin kashi 29%.

A lokaci guda, akwai sabon sakin madadin ƙimar tsarin tari Siffar 500, mayar da hankali kan kimanta aikin dandamali na supercomputer da ke da alaƙa da daidaita tsarin tafiyar da jiki da ayyuka don sarrafa yawancin bayanai na yau da kullun don irin waɗannan tsarin. Rating Green500 daban more ba a sake shi ba kuma an haɗa shi da Top500, kamar yadda ingantaccen makamashi yake yanzu nuna a cikin babban darajar Top500 (ana la'akari da rabon LINPACK FLOPS zuwa amfani da wutar lantarki a watts).

source: budenet.ru

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