Lokaci ya yi da za a yi magana game da na'urorin da aka ƙera don sarrafa birki. Ana kiran waɗannan na'urori "faucets," kodayake doguwar hanyar juyin halitta ta ɗauke su da nisa daga famfo a ma'anar yau da kullun, yana mai da su zuwa na'urori masu sarrafa kansa masu rikitarwa.

Kyakkyawan tsohuwar spool bawul 394 har yanzu ana amfani da ita akan kayan mirgina

1. Kirgin mai aiki - taƙaitaccen gabatarwa

Da ma'ana

Bawul ɗin jirgin ƙasa na direba - na'ura (ko saitin na'urori) da aka ƙera don sarrafa girma da ƙimar canjin matsa lamba a layin birki na jirgin ƙasa.

Ana iya raba cranes na jirgin ƙasa na direbobi a halin yanzu zuwa na'urori masu sarrafawa kai tsaye da cranes masu sarrafawa.

Na'urorin sarrafa kai tsaye sune na zamani na nau'ikan, an sanya su akan mafi yawan locomotives, jiragen ƙasa da yawa, da kuma kayan birgima na musamman (motocin hanyoyi daban-daban, motocin dogo, da sauransu) No. 394 da kuma conv. Na 395. Na farko daga cikinsu, wanda aka nuna a kan KDPV, an shigar da su a kan locomotives na kaya, na biyu - a kan locomotives na fasinja.

A cikin ma'anar pneumatic, waɗannan cranes ba su bambanta da juna ba kwata-kwata. Wato, kamanceceniya ce. Bawul ɗin 395 a ɓangaren sama yana da, wanda aka jefa tare da shi, wani shugaba mai ramukan zaren guda biyu, inda aka shigar da "can" na na'urar sarrafa birki na pneumatic.

Kirjin mai aiki na 395 a cikin mazauninsa na halitta


Wadannan na'urori galibi ana fentin su da ja mai haske, wanda ke nuna muhimmancinsu na musamman da kuma kulawa ta musamman da ya kamata duka ma'aikatan jirgin da kuma kwararrun ma'aikatan da ke ba da hidimar motocin su ba su. Wani tunatarwa cewa birki na jirgin kasa ne komai.

Bututun samar da bututun (PM) da layin birki (TM) suna da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa waɗannan na'urori kuma, ta hanyar juya hannun, ana sarrafa iska kai tsaye.

A cikin m-sarrafawa cranes, ba crane kanta wanda aka shigar a kan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, amma abin da ake kira iko mai kula, wanda watsa umarni via dijital dubawa zuwa daban-daban lantarki pneumatic panel, wanda aka shigar a cikin engine dakin. locomotive. Hannun mirgina na cikin gida suna amfani da crane mai tsayin daka na direba. No. 130, wanda ke kan hanyarsa zuwa jujjuya kayayyaki na ɗan lokaci kaɗan.

Yanayin mai sarrafa crane. No. 130 a kan kula da panel na lantarki locomotive EP20 (a dama, kusa da matsa lamba panel panel)


Pneumatic panel a cikin dakin injin na lantarki locomotive EP20


Me yasa aka yi haka? Domin, ban da sarrafa birki da hannu, akwai madaidaicin yuwuwar sarrafawa ta atomatik, misali daga tsarin tuƙi na jirgin ƙasa. A kan locomotives sanye take da crane 394/395, wannan yana buƙatar shigar da abin da aka makala na musamman akan crane. Kamar yadda aka tsara, an haɗa crane na 130 a cikin tsarin sarrafa jirgin ƙasa ta hanyar bas ɗin CAN, wanda ake amfani da shi a kan jujjuyawar gida.

Me yasa na kira wannan na'urar da dogon jimrewa? Domin ni shaida ne kai tsaye ga bayyanarsa ta farko a kan birgima. An shigar da irin waɗannan na'urori akan lambobi na farko na sababbin locomotives na lantarki na Rasha: 2ES5K-001 Ermak, 2ES4K-001 Donchak da EP2K-001.

A cikin 2007, na shiga cikin gwaje-gwajen takaddun shaida na 2ES4K-001 locomotive lantarki. An shigar da crane na 130 akan wannan injin. Duk da haka, ko da a lokacin an yi magana game da ƙarancin amincinsa, haka ma, wannan mu'ujiza ta fasaha na iya sakin birki ba tare da bata lokaci ba. Saboda haka, da aka sosai watsi da "Ermaki", "Donchak" da kuma EP2K shiga samar da 394 da 395 cranes. An jinkirta ci gaba har sai an kammala sabuwar na'urar. Wannan crane koma Novocherkassk locomotives kawai tare da farkon samar da EP20 lantarki locomotive a 2011. Amma "Ermaki", "Donchak" da EP2K ba su sami sabon sigar wannan crane ba. EP2K-001, ta hanyar, tare da crane na 130, yanzu yana ruɓe a wurin ajiyar, kamar yadda na koya kwanan nan daga bidiyon wani fanin jirgin ƙasa da aka watsar.

Duk da haka, ma'aikatan jirgin kasa ba su da cikakkiyar amincewa ga irin wannan tsarin, don haka duk locomotives sanye take da bawul 130 kuma an sanye su da bawuloli masu sarrafawa, wanda ke ba da damar, a cikin sauƙi, don sarrafa matsa lamba a cikin layin birki.

Bawul ɗin sarrafa birki na Ajiyayyen a cikin gidan EP20


Hakanan an shigar da na'urar sarrafawa ta biyu akan locomotives - taimakon birki bawul (KVT), wanda aka ƙera don sarrafa birki na locomotive, ba tare da la’akari da birkin jirgin ba. Ga shi, zuwa hagu na crane na jirgin kasa

Yanayin bawul ɗin taimakon birki. Na 254


Hoton yana nuna bawul ɗin taimakon birki na gargajiya, yanayin. Na 254. Har yanzu ana shigar da shi a wurare da yawa, duka akan motocin fasinja da na jigilar kaya. Ba kamar birki a kan abin hawa ba, birki na silinda akan abin hawa ba ba a cika kai tsaye daga tankin ajiyar ba. Ko da yake an shigar da tankin da aka keɓe da kuma mai rarraba iska a kan locomotive. Gabaɗaya, da'irar birki na locomotive ya fi rikitarwa, saboda akwai ƙarin birki a kan locomotive. Jimlar yawan su yana da mahimmanci fiye da lita 8, don haka ba zai yiwu a cika su daga tanki mai mahimmanci zuwa matsa lamba na 0,4 MPa ba - wajibi ne don ƙara yawan tanki, kuma wannan zai kara yawan lokacin caji idan aka kwatanta. zuwa na'urori masu cika mota.

A kan locomotive, TCs suna cika daga babban tafki, ko dai ta hanyar bawul ɗin birki na taimako, ko kuma ta hanyar matsi, wanda mai rarraba iska ke aiki da bawul ɗin jirgin ƙasa na direba.

Crane 254 yana da peculiarity cewa shi da kansa zai iya aiki a matsayin matsa lamba canji, kyale a saki (a cikin matakai!) Na locomotive birki a lokacin da jirgin kasa birki. Ana kiran wannan makircin da'ira don kunna KVT azaman mai maimaitawa kuma ana amfani dashi akan locomotives na kaya.

Ana amfani da bawul ɗin taimakon birki a yayin motsin motsi na locomotive, kazalika don amintar da jirgin bayan tsayawa da lokacin ajiye motoci. Nan da nan bayan jirgin ya tsaya, ana sanya wannan bawul ɗin a cikin matsayi na ƙarshe na birki, kuma an saki birki a kan jirgin. Birki na locomotive yana da ikon riƙe duka titin da jirgin a kan wani gangare mai tsananin gaske.

A kan locomotives na lantarki na zamani, irin su EP20, ana shigar da wasu KVT, misali conv. Na 224

Yanayin bawul ɗin taimakon birki. No. 224 (a hannun dama akan wani kwamiti daban)

2. Tsarin tsari da ka'idar aiki na kwandon crane na direba. Na 394/395

Don haka, gwarzonmu tsoho ne, wanda lokaci ya tabbatar da tafiyar miliyoyin kilomita, crane 394 (da 395, amma yana kama da haka, don haka zan yi magana game da ɗaya daga cikin na'urorin, in la'akari da na biyu). Me yasa wannan kuma ba na zamani 130 ba? Na farko, famfon 394 ya fi kowa a yau. Na biyu kuma, crane na 130, ko kuma madaidaicin sa na pneumatic panel, yana kama da tsohuwar 394.

Crane na direba A'a. 394: 1 - tushe na shaye-shaye shak; 2 - ƙananan jiki; 3 - abin wuya; 4 - bazara; 5 - shaye shaye; 6 - bushing tare da shaye bawul wurin zama; 7 - piston mai daidaitawa; 8 - rubber cuff; 9 - zoben tagulla mai rufewa; 10 - jiki na tsakiya; 11 - jiki na babba; 12 - spool; 13 - kulawar kulawa; 14 - kulle kulle; 15 - goro; 16 - clamping dunƙule; 17 - sanda; 18 - spool spring; 19 - matsa lamba wanki; 20 - kayan hawan hawan; 21 - makullin kulle; 22 - tace; 23 - samar da bawul spring; 24 - bawul wadata; 25 - bushewa tare da wurin zama na bawul ɗin samarwa; 26 - gearbox diaphragm; 30 - gearbox daidaita bazara; 31 - akwatin daidaitawa kofin


Ya kuka so shi? Na'ura mai mahimmanci. Wannan na'urar tana kunshe da bangare na sama (spool), bangare na tsakiya (matsakaici), sashi na kasa (equalizer), bangaren stabilizer da akwatin gear. Ana nuna akwatin gear a ƙasan dama a cikin adadi, Zan nuna stabilizer dabam

Yanayi mai tabbatar da crane na direba. No. 394: 1 - toshe; 2 - magudanar bawul spring, 3 - maƙura bawul; 4 - wurin zama bawul; 5 - ramin calibrated tare da diamita na 0,45 mm; 6 - diaphragm; 7 - stabilizer jiki; 8 - girmamawa; 10 - daidaitawar bazara; 11 - gilashin daidaitawa.

An saita yanayin aiki na famfo ta hanyar juya hannun, wanda ke jujjuya spool, wanda ke da ƙasa sosai (kuma mai lubricated sosai!) Zuwa madubi a tsakiyar ɓangaren famfo. Akwai tanadi guda bakwai, yawanci ana tsara su ta lambobin Roman

• I - hutu da motsa jiki
• II - jirgin
• III - zoba ba tare da samar da ɗigogi a cikin layin birki ba
• IV - zoba tare da samar da leaks daga layin birki
• Va - birki a hankali
• V - birki a saurin sabis
• VI - birki na gaggawa

A cikin juzu'i, yanayin bakin teku da wuraren ajiye motoci, lokacin da babu buƙatar kunna birki na jirgin ƙasa, an saita hannun crane zuwa matsayi na biyu. jirgin kasa matsayi.

Spool da madubi na spool sun ƙunshi tashoshi da ramuka masu daidaitawa ta hanyar, dangane da matsayi na rike, iska tana gudana daga wani ɓangaren na'urar zuwa wani. Wannan shine yadda spool da madubinsa suke

Bugu da kari, direban crane 394 an haɗa zuwa abin da ake kira tankin karuwa (UR) tare da ƙarar lita 20. Wannan tafki shine mai sarrafa matsa lamba a layin birki (TM). Matsin da aka sanya a cikin tanki mai daidaitawa za a kiyaye shi ta hanyar daidaitaccen ɓangaren fam ɗin direba da kuma a cikin layin birki (sai dai matsayi I, III da VI na rike).

Matsalolin da ke cikin tafki mai daidaitawa da layin birki ana nuna su akan ma'aunin matsi da aka ɗora akan rukunin kayan aiki, yawanci kusa da bawul ɗin direba. Ana yawan amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'auni guda biyu, misali wannan

Kibiya mai ja tana nuna matsi a layin birki, kibiya mai baƙar fata tana nuna matsa lamba a cikin tankin hawan


Don haka, lokacin da crane ke cikin jirgin ƙasa, abin da ake kira cajin matsa lamba. Don jigilar juzu'i da yawa da jiragen ƙasa na fasinja tare da gogayya ta locomotive, ƙimar sa yawanci 0,48 - 0,50 MPa, don jigilar kaya 0,50 - 0,52 MPa. Amma mafi sau da yawa shi ne 0,50 MPa, ana amfani da wannan matsa lamba a kan Sapsan da Lastochka.

Na'urorin da ke kula da matsa lamba na caji a cikin UR sune masu ragewa da kuma na'urar stabilizer, wanda ke aiki gaba daya ba tare da juna ba. Menene stabilizer yake yi? Yana ci gaba da fitar da iska daga tankin daidaitawa ta cikin rami mai ƙima mai diamita na 0,45 mm a jikinsa. Kullum, ba tare da katse wannan tsari na ɗan lokaci ba. Sakin iska ta hanyar stabilizer yana faruwa a daidaitaccen ƙimar, wanda aka kiyaye shi ta hanyar bawul ɗin ma'auni a cikin ma'aunin ma'auni - ƙananan matsa lamba a cikin tankin daidaitawa, ƙarin bawul ɗin magudanar yana buɗewa kaɗan. Wannan ƙimar ya fi ƙasa da ƙimar sabis ɗin, kuma ana iya daidaita shi ta hanyar juya ƙoƙon daidaitawa akan jikin stabilizer. Ana yin wannan don kawar da a cikin tanki mai karuwa supercharger (wato yawan caji) matsa lamba.

Idan iska daga tankin daidaitawa ya ci gaba da fita ta hanyar stabilizer, to nan ba da jimawa ba duk zai bar? Zan tafi, amma akwatin gear ɗin bai ƙyale ni ba. Lokacin da matsa lamba a cikin UR ya faɗi ƙasa da matakin caji, bawul ɗin ciyarwa a cikin mai ragewa yana buɗewa, haɗa tankin daidaitawa tare da layin samarwa, yana cika iskar iska. Don haka, a cikin tanki mai daidaitawa, a matsayi na biyu na rikewar bawul, ana kiyaye matsa lamba na 0,5 MPa koyaushe.

Wannan tsari ya fi dacewa da wannan zane

Ayyukan crane na direba a matsayi na II (jirgin ƙasa): GR - babban tanki; TM - layin birki; UR - tanki daidaitawa; A - yanayi


Layin birki fa? Matsalolin da ke cikinsa ana kiyaye shi daidai da matsa lamba a cikin tanki mai daidaitawa ta amfani da sashin daidaitawa na bawul, wanda ya ƙunshi piston mai daidaitawa (a tsakiyar zane), bawul ɗin wadata da fitarwa, wanda piston ke motsawa. Ramin da ke sama da fistan yana sadarwa tare da tanki mai ƙarfi (yankin rawaya) da ƙasan fistan tare da layin birki (yankin ja). Lokacin da matsa lamba a cikin UR ya karu, piston yana motsawa ƙasa, yana haɗa layin birki tare da layin samarwa, yana haifar da karuwa a cikin matsa lamba a ciki har sai matsa lamba a cikin TM da matsa lamba a cikin UR ya zama daidai.

Lokacin da matsa lamba a cikin tafki mai daidaitawa ya ragu, fistan yana motsawa zuwa sama, yana buɗe bawul ɗin shaye-shaye, ta inda iska daga layin birki ke tserewa cikin yanayi, har sai, lokacin da matsi na sama da ƙasa suka daidaita.

Don haka, a cikin tashar jirgin ƙasa, ana kiyaye matsa lamba a cikin layin birki daidai da matsa lamba na caji. Har ila yau, ana ciyar da leaks daga gare ta, tun da yake, kuma a kullum ina magana game da wannan, tabbas akwai kuma kullun a ciki. Irin wannan matsi ne ake kafawa a cikin tankunan ajiye motoci da na ababen hawa, haka nan kuma ana zubar da ruwa.

Domin kunna birki, direban yana sanya hannun crane a matsayin V - birki a saurin sabis. A wannan yanayin, ana fitar da iska daga tankin daidaitawa ta hanyar rami mai ƙima, yana tabbatar da raguwar matsa lamba na 0,01 - 0,04 MPa a sakan daya. Ana sarrafa tsarin ta hanyar direba ta amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin tanki. Yayin da bawul ɗin yana cikin matsayi V, iska ta bar tankin daidaitawa. Ana kunna piston mai daidaitawa, yana tashi sama yana buɗe bawul ɗin sakin, yana kawar da matsa lamba daga layin birki.

Don dakatar da aiwatar da sakin iska daga tankin daidaitawa, mai aiki yana sanya hannun bawul ɗin a cikin matsayi na gaba - III ko IV. Tsarin sakin iska daga tankin daidaitawa, sabili da haka daga layin birki, yana tsayawa. Wannan shine yadda ake yin matakin birki na sabis. Idan birki bai yi tasiri ba, za a sake yin wani mataki; saboda wannan, ana sake mayar da hannun crane na mai aiki zuwa matsayi V.

A al'ada hukuma Lokacin yin birki, matsakaicin zurfin fitarwa na layin birki bai kamata ya wuce 0,15 MPa ba. Me yasa? Da fari dai, babu wani ma'ana a cikin zurfafa zurfafa - saboda rabo daga cikin kundin ajiyar tanki da birki Silinda (BC) akan motoci, matsa lamba fiye da 0,4 MPa ba zai haɓaka a cikin BC ba. Kuma fitarwa na 0,15 MPa kawai yayi daidai da matsa lamba na 0,4 MPa a cikin silinda birki. Abu na biyu, yana da haɗari kawai don zurfafa zurfi - tare da ƙarancin matsin lamba a cikin layin birki, lokacin cajin tafkunan ajiyar zai karu lokacin da aka saki birki, saboda ana cajin su daidai daga layin birki. Wato irin wadannan ayyuka suna cike da gajiyar birki.

Mai karatu mai tambaya zai tambaya - menene bambanci tsakanin rufi a matsayi na III da IV?

A matsayi na IV, bawul spool yana rufe dukkan ramukan madubi. Mai ragewa baya ciyar da tankin daidaitawa kuma matsa lamba a cikinsa ya kasance mai ƙarfi, saboda leaks daga UR suna da ƙanƙanta. A lokaci guda kuma, piston mai daidaitawa yana ci gaba da aiki, yana cike ɗigogi daga layin birki, yana riƙe da matsa lamba da aka kafa a cikin tafki mai daidaitawa bayan birki na ƙarshe. Don haka, ana kiran wannan tanadin “harba tare da samar da leaks daga layin birki”

A matsayi na III, bawul spool yana sadarwa da juna ramukan da ke sama da ƙasa da piston mai daidaitawa, wanda ke toshe aikin daidaitawar jiki - matsin lamba a cikin cavities biyu suna raguwa lokaci guda a ƙimar yabo. Ba a sake caji wannan zubin ta mai daidaitawa ba. Saboda haka, matsayi na uku na bawul ana kiransa "harba ba tare da samar da leaks daga layin birki ba"

Me yasa akwai irin waɗannan matsayi guda biyu kuma wane nau'i ne na abin da direba ke amfani da shi? Dukansu, dangane da yanayi da nau'in sabis na locomotive.

Lokacin yin birki na fasinja, bisa ga umarnin, ana buƙatar direba don sanya bawul ɗin a matsayi na III (rufin ba tare da wuta ba) a cikin waɗannan lokuta:

• Lokacin bin siginar da aka haramta
• Lokacin sarrafa EPT bayan matakin farko na sarrafa birki
• Lokacin saukar da gangaren tudu ko zuwa ƙarshen matattu

A duk waɗannan yanayi, sakin birki ba zato ba tsammani. Ta yaya hakan zai iya faruwa? Ee, abu ne mai sauqi qwarai - masu rarraba iska na fasinja suna aiki akan bambanci tsakanin matsi guda biyu - a cikin layin birki da a cikin tafki. Lokacin da matsin lamba a cikin layin birki ya ƙaru, ana sakin birki gaba ɗaya.

Yanzu bari mu yi tunanin cewa mun yi birki kuma muka sanya shi a matsayi na IV, lokacin da bawul ɗin yana ciyarwa daga layin birki. Kuma a wannan lokacin wasu wawa a cikin vestibule ya ɗan buɗewa sannan ya rufe bawul ɗin tsayawa - ɗan iska yana wasa. Bawul ɗin direba yana ɗaukar wannan ɗigon ruwa, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar matsa lamba a cikin layin birki, kuma mai rarraba iska na fasinja, mai kula da wannan, yana ba da cikakkiyar saki.

A kan manyan motocin dakon kaya, ana amfani da matsayi na IV galibi - kayan VR ba su da hankali sosai ga haɓakar matsa lamba a cikin TM kuma yana da saki mai ƙarfi. An saita matsayi na III ne kawai idan akwai tuhuma na zubar da ba a yarda da shi ba a cikin layin birki.

Yaya ake sakin birki? Don cikakken saki, ana sanya madafan fam ɗin ma'aikaci a wuri I - saki da caji. A wannan yanayin, duka tankin daidaitawa da layin birki suna haɗa kai tsaye zuwa layin ciyarwa. Cikowar tankin daidaitawa kawai yana faruwa ta hanyar rami mai ƙima, a cikin sauri amma matsakaici matsakaici, yana ba ku damar sarrafa matsa lamba ta amfani da ma'aunin matsa lamba. Kuma layin birki ya cika ta hanyar tashar fadi, don haka matsa lamba a can nan da nan ya yi tsalle zuwa 0,7 - 0,9 MPa (dangane da tsawon jirgin) kuma ya kasance a can har sai an sanya hannun bawul a matsayi na biyu. Me yasa haka?

Ana yin haka ne don tura iska mai yawa a cikin layin birki, yana ƙara matsa lamba a cikinsa sosai, wanda zai ba da damar tabbatar da motsin sakin ya isa mota ta ƙarshe. Ana kiran wannan tasirin bugun jini supercharging. Yana ba ku damar hanzarta hutun kanta kuma tabbatar da saurin cajin tankunan ajiya a cikin jirgin.

Cika tankin daidaitawa a ƙimar da aka ba ku yana ba ku damar sarrafa tsarin rarrabawa. Lokacin da matsa lamba a cikinsa ya kai matsa lamba na caji (a kan jiragen kasa na fasinja) ko tare da wasu ƙima, ya danganta da tsawon jirgin (a kan jiragen dakon kaya), ana sanya madafan direban a matsayi na biyu na jirgin. Mai daidaitawa yana kawar da wuce gona da iri na tanki mai daidaitawa, kuma piston mai daidaitawa da sauri yana sanya matsin lamba a cikin layin birki daidai da matsa lamba a cikin tankin daidaitawa. Wannan shine yadda tsarin sakin birki gabaɗaya zuwa cajin matsa lamba yayi kama da mahangar direba.

Sakin da aka tako, a cikin yanayin kulawar EPT ko a kan jiragen dakon kaya a lokacin yanayin aiki na dutsen mai rarraba iska, ana yin shi ta hanyar sanya hannun bawul a matsayi na jirgin ƙasa na 2, sannan canja wuri zuwa rufi.

Ta yaya ake sarrafa birkin lantarki-pneumatic? Ana sarrafa EPT daga crane mai aiki ɗaya, 395 kawai, wanda aka sanye da mai sarrafa EPT. A cikin wannan "can", wanda aka sanya a saman madaidaicin ma'auni, akwai lambobin sadarwa waɗanda, ta hanyar na'ura mai sarrafawa, sarrafa kayan aiki mai kyau ko mara kyau, dangane da rails, zuwa wayar EPT, da kuma cire wannan damar don saki. birki.

Lokacin da aka kunna EPT, ana yin birki ta hanyar sanya crane ɗin direba a wuri Va - birki a hankali. A wannan yanayin, ana cika silinda birki kai tsaye daga mai rarraba iska na lantarki a ƙimar 0,1 MPa a sakan daya. Ana kula da tsarin ta amfani da ma'aunin matsa lamba a cikin silinda birki. Fitar tankin daidaitawa yana faruwa, amma a hankali.

Ana iya fitar da EPT ko dai a mataki na gaba, ta hanyar sanya bawul a matsayi na II, ko gaba ɗaya, ta hanyar saita shi zuwa matsayi na da kuma ƙara matsa lamba a cikin UR ta 0,02 MPa sama da matakin caji. Wannan shi ne kusan yadda yake kama da mahallin direba

Yaya ake yin birki na gaggawa? Lokacin da aka saita rikon bawul ɗin mai aiki zuwa matsayi VI, spool ɗin bawul ɗin yana buɗe layin birki kai tsaye zuwa cikin sararin samaniya ta tashar mai faɗi. Matsin yana faɗuwa daga caji zuwa sifili a cikin daƙiƙa 3-4. Har ila yau, matsa lamba a cikin tankin motsa jiki yana raguwa, amma a hankali. A lokaci guda, ana kunna masu haɓaka birki na gaggawa akan masu rarraba iska - kowane VR yana buɗe layin birki zuwa yanayi. Tartsatsin wuta yana tashi daga ƙarƙashin ƙafafun, ƙafafun suna tsalle, duk da ƙara yashi a ƙarƙashinsu ...

Ga kowane irin wannan "jifa a cikin na shida", direban zai fuskanci wani bincike a wurin ajiya - ko ayyukansa sun kasance masu barata ta hanyar umarnin umarnin Sarrafa birki da ka'idojin fasaha na aikin Rolling Stock, kazalika da lamba. na umarnin gida. Ba a ma maganar damuwa da yake fuskanta sa’ad da ake “jifa a cikin na shida.”

Saboda haka, idan ka fita a kan dogo, zamewa a ƙarƙashin shingen rufewa zuwa mashigar mota, ka tuna cewa mai rai, direban jirgin kasa, shine alhakin kuskurenka, wauta, sha'awarka da jarumtaka. Kuma waɗancan mutanen da za su cire hanjin daga kuturun na'urorin dabaran, cire kawunan da aka yanke daga akwatunan gear.

Ba na so in tsoratar da kowa, amma wannan ita ce gaskiyar - gaskiyar da aka rubuta cikin jini da lalata kayan abu. Saboda haka, birki na jirgin ƙasa ba su da sauƙi kamar yadda ake gani.

Sakamakon

Ba zan yi la'akari da aikin bawul ɗin birki na taimako ba a cikin wannan labarin. Don dalilai guda biyu. Da fari dai, wannan labarin ya cika da ƙima da injiniyanci mai bushewa kuma da kyar ya dace da tsarin mashahurin kimiyya. Abu na biyu, la'akari da aiki na KVT yana buƙatar yin amfani da bayanin nuances na da'irar pneumatic na birki na locomotive, kuma wannan batu ne don tattaunawa daban.

Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan labarin na haifar da tsoro na camfi a cikin masu karatu na ... a'a, a'a, ina wasa, ba shakka. Barkwanci a gefe, ina ganin ya bayyana a sarari cewa tsarin birki na jirgin ƙasa gabaɗaya ne na na'urori masu haɗin gwiwa kuma masu sarƙaƙƙiya, waɗanda ƙirarsu ke da niyya cikin sauri da amintaccen sarrafa kayan mirgina. Bugu da ƙari, ina fatan gaske cewa na hana sha'awar yin ba'a da ma'aikatan jirgin ta hanyar yin wasa da bawul ɗin birki. Akalla ga wani...

A cikin sharhin sun tambaye ni in gaya muku game da Sapsan. Za a sami "Peregrine Falcon", kuma zai zama keɓantaccen labari, mai kyau da babban labarin, tare da cikakkun bayanai. Wannan jirgin kasa mai amfani da wutar lantarki ya ba ni ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma sosai a rayuwata, don haka ina so in yi magana game da shi, kuma tabbas zan cika alkawarina.

Ina so in mika godiyata ga mutane da kungiyoyi masu zuwa:

1. Roman Biryukov (Romych Rasha Railways) don kayan hoto akan gidan EP20
2. Yanar Gizo www.pomogala.ru - don zane-zane da aka ɗauka daga albarkatun su
3. Har yanzu zuwa Roma Biryukov da Sergei Avdonin don neman shawara a kan abubuwan da suka dace na aikin birki

Mu sake saduwa da ku, abokai!

source: www.habr.com