Sannu, sunana Andrey kuma ni ma'aikaci ne na ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin gudanarwa a ƙasar. Zai yi kama, me ma'aikaci a Habré zai faɗa? Yi amfani da gine-ginen da mai haɓakawa ya gina kuma babu abin ban sha'awa, amma wannan ba haka ba ne.
Kamfanin gudanarwa yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci kuma mai alhakin aiki a cikin aikin gina gida - wannan shine ci gaban ƙayyadaddun fasaha don ginawa. Kamfanin gudanarwa ne ke gabatar da buƙatun cewa tsarin kula da damar da aka gama, zai cika.
A cikin wannan labarin ina so in tattauna batun ƙirƙirar yanayi na fasaha wanda aka gina gida tare da tsarin kulawa da amfani da fasahar Mifare Plus a matakin tsaro na SL3 tare da ɓoyayyen ɓangarori tare da maɓallin tsaro wanda ba mai haɓakawa ba, ko ɗan kwangila. , kuma dan kwangilar ya sani.
Kuma ɗayan na duniya gabaɗaya ba a bayyane yake ba a kallon farko - yadda ake hana ɓarna lambar ɓoye da aka zaɓa don ɓoye katunan Mifare Plus a cikin ainihin tsarin ginin gine-gine na magina, yan kwangila, dillalai da sauran masu alhakin da ke aiki tare da ikon samun damar shiga. tsarin gida a mataki daga farkon gininsa zuwa aiki a lokacin lokacin garanti.
Babban fasahar katunan lambobin sadarwa a yau:
- EM Marine (StandProx, ANGstrem, SlimProx, MiniTag) 125 kHz
- Mifare daga NXP (Classic, Plus, UltraLight, DESfire) (Mifare 1k, 4k) 13,56 MHz
- HID manufacturer HID Corporation (ProxCard II, ISOProx-II, ProxKey II) 125 kHz
- iCLASS da iCLASS SE (wanda HID Corporation ke ƙera,) 13,56 MHz
- Indala (Motorolla), Nedap, Farpointe, Kantech, UHF (860-960 MHz)
Yawancin abubuwa sun canza tun lokacin amfani da Em-Marine a cikin tsarin sarrafawa, kuma kwanan nan mun canza daga tsarin Mifare Classic SL1 zuwa tsarin ɓoyayyen Mifare Plus SL3.
Mifare Plus SL3 yana amfani da ɓoyayyen ɓangarori masu zaman kansu tare da maɓalli na 16-byte na sirri a tsarin AES. Don waɗannan dalilai, ana amfani da nau'in guntu na Mifare Plus.
An yi canjin ne saboda kasancewar sanannun lahani a cikin tsarin ɓoyayyen SL1. Wato:
An yi bincike sosai game da rubutun katin. An sami rauni a aiwatar da janareta na lambar bazuwar katin (PRNG) da rauni a cikin algorithm CRYPTO1. A aikace, ana amfani da waɗannan raunin a cikin hare-hare masu zuwa:
- Gefen duhu - harin yana amfani da raunin PRNG. Yana aiki akan katunan Classic MIFARE na tsararraki har zuwa EV1 (a cikin EV1 an riga an gyara raunin PRNG). Don kai hari, kati kawai kuna buƙatar; ba kwa buƙatar sanin maɓallan.
- Nsted - harin yana amfani da raunin CRYPTO1. Ana kai harin akan izini na biyu, don haka don harin kuna buƙatar sanin maɓallin katin guda ɗaya mai aiki. A aikace, don ɓangaren sifili suna amfani da madaidaicin maɓalli don aikin MAD - anan ne suke farawa. Yana aiki don kowane katunan dangane da CRYPTO1 (MIFARE Classic da kwaikwayonsa). An nuna harin a cikin labarin game da raunin katin Podorozhnik
- Harin sauraren bayanan sadarwa - harin yana amfani da raunin CRYPTO1. Don kai hari, kuna buƙatar saurara kan izini na farko tsakanin mai karatu da katin. Wannan yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman. Yana aiki don kowane katunan dangane da CRYPTO1 (MIFARE Classic da kwaikwayonsa.
Don haka: ɓoye katunan a masana'anta shine wuri na farko da ake amfani da lambar, gefen na biyu shine mai karatu. Kuma ba mu ƙara amincewa da masana'antun masu karatu da lambar ɓoyewa kawai saboda ba sa sha'awar sa.
Kowane masana'anta yana da kayan aikin shigar da lambar a cikin mai karatu. Amma a wannan lokacin ne matsalar hana fitar da lambar ga wasu kamfanoni ta hanyar ’yan kwangila da ’yan kwangila don gina tsarin kula da hanyoyin shiga. Shigar da lambar a cikin mutum?
Akwai matsaloli a nan, tun da labarin kasa na gidajen da ake amfani da su suna wakiltar a yankuna daban-daban na Rasha, fiye da iyakokin yankin Moscow.
Kuma duk wadannan gidaje an gina su ne daidai gwargwado, ta amfani da kayan aiki kwata-kwata.
Ta hanyar nazarin kasuwa na masu karanta katin Mifare, na kasa samun ɗimbin kamfanoni masu aiki tare da tsarin zamani waɗanda ke ba da kariya daga kwafin katin.
A yau, yawancin OEMs suna aiki a yanayin karatun UID, wanda kowace wayar salula ta zamani mai kayan aikin NFC za ta iya kwafi.
Wasu masana'antun suna goyan bayan tsarin tsaro na zamani na SL1, wanda aka riga an daidaita shi a cikin 2008.
Kuma kawai 'yan masana'antun suna nuna mafi kyawun hanyoyin fasahar fasaha dangane da farashin farashi / inganci don aiki tare da fasahar Mifare a cikin yanayin SL3, wanda ke tabbatar da rashin yiwuwar kwafin katin da ƙirƙirar clone.
Babban fa'idar SL3 a cikin wannan labarin shine rashin iya kwafin maɓallai. Irin wannan fasaha ba ta wanzu a yau.
Zan gaya muku daban-daban game da haɗarin yin amfani da kwafin katin tare da rarraba fiye da kwafi 200.
- Hatsari a bangaren mazauna - ta hanyar amincewa da "maigida" don yin kwafin maɓallin, zubar da maɓallin mazaunin ya ƙare a cikin bayanansa, kuma "maigida" yana samun damar zuwa ƙofar, har ma da amfani. wurin ajiye motoci ko filin ajiye motoci.
- Hadarin kasuwanci: tare da farashin katin siyarwa na 300 rubles, asarar kasuwa don siyar da ƙarin katunan ba ƙaramin asara bane. Ko da "maigida" don kwafin maɓallan ya bayyana akan LCD ɗaya, asarar kamfanin na iya kaiwa ɗaruruwan dubbai da miliyoyin rubles.
- Ƙarshe amma ba kalla ba, kayan ado: gaba ɗaya duk kwafi ana yin su akan ƙananan ƙarancin inganci. Ina tsammanin da yawa daga cikinku kun saba da ingancin asali.
A ƙarshe, ina so in faɗi cewa kawai zurfin bincike na kasuwar kayan aiki da masu fafatawa suna ba mu damar ƙirƙirar tsarin ACS na zamani da aminci waɗanda suka dace da buƙatun 2019, saboda tsarin ACS ne a cikin ginin gida wanda shine kawai ƙarancin- tsarin halin yanzu wanda mazaunin ya ci karo da shi sau da yawa a rana.
source: www.habr.com