Masu shirye-shirye na zamani ana iya kiransu darlings. Suna da muhallin ci gaba mai ƙarfi da harsunan shirye-shirye da yawa a wurinsu. Kuma kawai shekaru 30 da suka wuce, masana kimiyya marasa aure da masu sha'awar sha'awa sun rubuta shirye-shirye ko da akan na'urori.
Yi hankali, akwai hotuna da yawa a ƙarƙashin yanke!
A tsakiyar 80s, jihar ta yi ƙoƙari sosai don yaɗa fasahar bayanai. An buga labaran kimiyya, kuma dukkanin sassan da aka keɓe ga batutuwan IT sun bayyana a cikin mujallu. Ga masu sana'a (wanda a wancan lokacin suka kasance masana kimiyya), Cibiyar Kimiyya ta USSR ta buga mujallar Programming. Ba mu mance da masu son su ma ba. Alal misali, a cikin mujallar "Technology for Youth" wani shafi "Man da Computer" ya bayyana, wanda aka keɓe ga bayanin sababbin sharuddan da sake dubawa na sababbin na'urori. An kuma buga shawarwari kan yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta, amfani da kafofin watsa labarai, da sauransu a can.
A kokarin da ake na kara saurin hade fasahar na'ura mai kwakwalwa a cikin harkokin yau da kullum na jihar, hukumomi ba su nuna banbanci tsakanin mata da maza ba. Don haka, mujallar "Rabotnitsa" (dawafi ~ 15 miliyan) ta yi kira ga mata su mallaki kwamfutoci daidai da maza, da kuma koyar da wannan ilimin ga 'ya'yansu mata. A watan Satumba na 1986, wata yarinya ta bayyana a kan murfin littafin a gaban mai saka idanu.
Kodayake kwamfutar tana da tsada sosai, ana iya haɗa ta daga sassan da aka saya a kasuwar rediyo. Don haka, labarai masu sauƙi game da kwamfutoci da shirye-shirye har ma sun bayyana a Murzilka!
Irin wannan shaharar na'urorin kwamfuta wani lokaci yakan haifar da aukuwa. Alal misali, a cikin jaridar Trud a shekara ta 1987, an yi wani labarin game da shugaban kamfani mai sarrafa kansa mai sarrafa kansa na masana'antar siminti, wanda ya fitar da sassan da darajarsu ta kai 6 rubles don harhada na'urar kwamfuta a gida. A wannan lokacin, wani karamin Apartment a Moscow kudin dubu shida rubles, ko da yake Vaz-000 kudin ma fiye - 2106 rubles.
Batun shirye-shiryen mai son an sha tasowa akan shafukan shahararrun wallafe-wallafen kimiyya kamar Kimiyya da Rayuwa (zagawa - miliyan 3). Tun 1985, an fara buga labarai a can a matsayin wani ɓangare na jerin "Makaranta don Shirin Farko". Waɗannan kasidu sun koya wa mai karatu tushen ƙirƙirar shirye-shirye don microcalculators. Yana iya zama kamar abin mamaki a yanzu, amma a lokacin ana kiran shirye-shiryen fasaha. Yaya wannan tsarin ya bambanta da abin da ake yawan gani a yau?"kodi!
Don nutsad da kanku har ma cikin yanayin bututu na shirye-shirye na ƙarshen 80s, mun kawo hankalinku binciken daga ɗayan ma'aikatan da aka kiyaye ta hanyar mu'ujiza. mujallar "Kimiyya da Rayuwa" don 11.1988. Wannan shine darasi na 22 na sanannen "Makarantar Masu Shirye-shiryen Farawa".
Kamar yadda suke faɗa, karanta kuma ku fahimta
Wani sigar da ta fi dacewa don karatu tana ciki . Idan kuna son samun ƙarin bayani game da shirye-shirye akan kalkuleta, to .
Menene suke da su?
Yayin da ake haɓaka shirye-shiryen mai son a cikin USSR, ana yin hasashen nan gaba a Amurka. Don haka, Apple ya gudanar da gasar ra'ayoyi game da yadda kwamfutoci za su kasance a cikin 2000. Kungiyar dalibai daga Jami'ar Illinois ce ta lashe gasar. An kwatanta abin da suka ba da shawara a cikin bayanin kula daga mujallar Kimiyya da Rayuwa daga 1988. Tana nan samu , amma wannan ba ya sa ya zama ƙasa da ban sha'awa, daidai?
Ina mamakin mutane nawa ne yanzu za su iya rubuta shirin ta amfani da iyakataccen ikon microcalculator? Idan kuna da wasu misalan nasara ko kuka yi ƙoƙarin rubuta wani abu makamancin haka da kanku, da fatan za a raba a cikin sharhi.
source: www.habr.com