Red Hat yana haɓaka sabon tsarin fayil na NVFS wanda ke da inganci don ƙwaƙwalwar NVM

Mikuláš Patočka, ɗaya daga cikin masu haɓaka LVM kuma marubucin adadin ƙirƙiradangane da inganta tsarin ajiya, aiki a Red Hat, gabatar sabon tsarin fayil akan jerin masu haɓaka kernel na Linux Farashin NVFS, da nufin ƙirƙirar FS mai sauƙi da sauri don kwakwalwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya maras canzawa (NVM, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, misali NVDIMM), haɗa aikin RAM tare da ikon adana abun ciki na dindindin.

An yi la'akari da ƙwarewar FS lokacin haɓaka NVFS Nova, ƙirƙira musamman don ƙwaƙwalwar NVM a cikin 2017, amma ba a karɓa cikin kwaya ta Linux da iyakance goyon bayan Linux kernels daga 4.13 zuwa 5.1.
FS NVFS da aka gabatar ya fi sauƙi fiye da NOVA (layi na 4972 na lamba tare da 21459), yana ba da fsck mai amfani, yana da babban aiki, yana goyan bayan sifofi (xattrs), alamun tsaro, ACLs da ƙididdiga, amma baya goyan bayan hotuna. Gine-gine NVFS yana kusa da
Tsarin fayil na Ext4 ya dace sosai cikin tsarin tsarin fayil dangane da tsarin tsarin VFS, wanda ke ba ku damar rage adadin yadudduka kuma kuyi tare da tsarin da baya buƙatar faci ga kwaya.

NVFS tana amfani da ƙirar kwaya DAX don samun damar kai tsaye zuwa na'urorin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na dindindin, ketare cache shafi. Don inganta aikin ƙwaƙwalwar NVM mai magana ta byte, abubuwan da ke cikin faifan an tsara su zuwa sararin adireshi na madaidaiciyar kernel ba tare da amfani da Layer na'urar toshe na gargajiya da ma'ajiyar matsakaici ba. Ana amfani da shi don adana abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi tushen itace (Bishiyar radix) wanda kowane sunan fayil yake hashed kuma ana amfani da ƙimar hash lokacin bincika itacen.

Ana tabbatar da amincin bayanan ta amfani da "taushi updates"(kamar a cikin UFS daga FreeBSD da FFS daga OpenBSD) ba tare da amfani da jarida ba. Don kauce wa lalata fayil a cikin NVFS, ana haɗa ayyukan canjin bayanai ta hanyar da haɗari ba zai iya haifar da asarar tubalan ko inodes ba, kuma an dawo da mutuncin tsarin ta amfani da fsck mai amfani. Fsck mai amfani yana aiki a cikin yanayin zaren da yawa kuma yana ba da aikin ƙarfin ƙarfi na inodes miliyan 1.6 a sakan daya.

В gwaje-gwajen aiki NVFS ta yi aikin kwafin itacen kernel na Linux akan ƙwaƙwalwar NVM game da 10% sauri fiye da NOVA, 30% sauri fiye da ext4, da 37% sauri fiye da XFS. A cikin gwajin dawo da bayanai, NVFS ya yi sauri fiye da NOVA da 3%, kuma ext4 da XFS ta 15% (amma tare da cache diski mai aiki, NOVA ya kasance 15% a hankali).
A cikin gwajin ayyukan gudanarwa miliyan, NVFS ta zarce NOVA da 40%, ext4 ta 22%, da XFS da 46%. Lokacin kwaikwayon ayyukan DBMS, tsarin fayil na NVFS ya zarce NOVA da 20%, ext4 ta sau 18, da XFS ta sau 5. A cikin gwajin fs_mark, aikin NVFS da NOVA sun kasance kusan a matakin ɗaya, yayin da ext4 da XFS suka koma baya da kusan sau 3.

Lalacewar tsarin fayil na gargajiya akan ƙwaƙwalwar NVM shine saboda gaskiyar cewa ba a tsara su don yin magana ta byte ba, wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar mara ƙarfi, wanda yayi kama da RAM na yau da kullun. Karatu daga faifai na al'ada yana tabbatar da ƙarancin aiki a matakin karantawa/rubutu, yayin da ƙwaƙwalwar NVM ke ba da dama ga matakin na'urar kalmomi guda ɗaya. Bugu da kari, tsarin fayil na gargajiya yana ƙoƙarin rage ƙarfin samun damar yin amfani da kafofin watsa labarai, wanda a bayyane yake a hankali fiye da RAM, sannan kuma yana ƙoƙarin yin ƙungiyoyin ayyukan don tabbatar da jerin abubuwan karantawa yayin amfani da rumbun kwamfyuta, aiwatar da layukan buƙatun, yaƙi da ɓarna da rarraba fifikon ayyuka daban-daban.. Don ƙwaƙwalwar NVM, irin waɗannan matsalolin ba lallai ba ne, tun da saurin samun damar bayanai yana kwatankwacin RAM, kuma odar shiga ba ta da mahimmanci.

source: budenet.ru