Bayan kusan shekaru biyu na ci gaba, Debian GNU/Linux 12.0 (Bookworm) an fito da shi, yana samuwa don gine-ginen da aka goyan bayan hukuma tara: Intel IA-32/x86 (i686), AMD64/x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), ARM64, ARMv7 (armhf), mipsel, mips64el, PowerPC 64 (ppc64el) da IBM System z (s390x). Za a fitar da sabuntawa don Debian 12 a cikin shekaru 5.
Hotunan shigarwa suna samuwa don saukewa, waɗanda za a iya saukewa ta HTTP, jigdo ko BitTorrent. Don gine-ginen amd64 da i386, an haɓaka LiveUSB, ana samun su a cikin bambance-bambancen tare da GNOME, KDE, LXDE, Xfce, Cinnamon da MATE, kazalika da fakitin haɗakar DVD da yawa don dandalin amd64 tare da ƙarin fakiti don gine-ginen i386. Kafin ƙaura daga Debian 11 "Bullseye" ya kamata ka karanta wannan takarda.
Ma'ajiyar ajiyar ta ƙunshi fakitin binary 64419, wanda shine ƙarin fakiti 4868 fiye da abin da aka bayar a Debian 11. Idan aka kwatanta da Debian 11, an ƙara 11089 sabon fakitin binary, 6296 (10%) waɗanda ba su da amfani ko kuma waɗanda aka yi watsi da su an cire, da 43254 (67) %) an sabunta fakitin. Jimlar girman duk lambobin tushe da aka bayar a cikin rarraba shine layukan lamba 1. Jimlar girman duk fakitin shine 341 GB. Don 564% (a cikin reshe na baya 204%) na fakiti, an ba da tallafi don ginawa mai maimaitawa, wanda ke ba da damar tabbatar da cewa an gina fayil ɗin da za a iya aiwatarwa daidai daga rubutun tushen da aka ayyana kuma baya ƙunshe da canje-canje na ban mamaki, wanda maye gurbinsa. , alal misali, ana iya yin ta ta hanyar kai hari ga kayan aikin taro ko mai tara alamar shafi.
Canje-canje masu mahimmanci a cikin Debian 12.0:
- Baya ga firmware kyauta daga babban ma'ajiyar, hotunan shigarwa na hukuma sun haɗa da firmware na mallakar mallaka wanda a baya akwai ta wurin ajiyar da ba kyauta ba. Idan kuna da kayan aiki waɗanda ke buƙatar firmware na waje don aiki, firmware na mallakar mallakar da ake buƙata ana ɗorawa ta tsohuwa. Ga masu amfani waɗanda suka fi son software na kyauta kawai, ana ba da zaɓi don kashe amfani da firmware mara kyauta a matakin zazzagewa.
- An ƙara sabon ma'ajiyar ma'adinan da ba kyauta ba, wanda a ciki aka canza fakitin firmware daga ma'ajiyar da ba kyauta ba. Mai sakawa yana ba da ikon neman fakitin fakitin firmware a hankali daga ma'ajiyar firmware mara kyauta. Kasancewar keɓaɓɓen wurin ajiya tare da firmware ya ba da damar samar da damar yin amfani da firmware ba tare da haɗa da babban ma'ajiyar da ba kyauta ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na shigarwa.
- An sabunta kwaya ta Linux zuwa sigar 6.1 (Debian 11 da aka tura tare da kernel 5.10). An sabunta tsarin 252, Apt 2.6 da Glibc 2.36.
- Abubuwan da aka sabunta tari da mahallin mai amfani: GNOME 43, KDE Plasma 5.27, LXDE 11, LXQt 1.2.0, MATE 1.2, Xfce 4.18, Mesa 22.3.6, X.Org Server 21.1, Wayland 1.21. A cikin mahallin GNOME, uwar garken watsa labarai na Pipewire da mai sarrafa sauti na WirePlumber ana kunna su ta tsohuwa.
- Sabunta aikace-aikacen mai amfani, misali, LibreOffice 7.4, GNUcash 4.13, Emacs 28.2, GIMP 2.10.34, Inkscape 1.2.2, VLC 3.0.18, Vim 9.0.
- Aikace-aikacen uwar garken da aka sabunta, misali, Apache httpd 2.4.57, BIND 9.18, Dovecot 2.3.19, Exim 4.96, lighttpd 1.4.69, Postfix 3.7, MariaDB 10.11, nginx 1.22, PostgreSQL 15, Redis.7.0te Buɗe SSH 3.40p4.17.
- An sabunta kayan aikin haɓakawa, gami da GCC 12.2, LLVM/Clang 14 (15.0.6 kuma akwai don shigarwa), OpenJDK 17, Perl 5.36, PHP 8.2, Python 3.11.2, Rust 1.63, Ruby 3.1.
- Ƙara goyon baya don aiki tare da tsarin fayil na APFS (Tsarin Fayil na Apple) a cikin yanayin rubutu ta amfani da apfsprogs da apfs-dkms. An haɗa kayan aikin ntfs2btrfs don canza sassan NTFS zuwa Btrfs.
- Ƙara goyon baya don ɗakin karatu na keɓancewar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, wanda zai iya aiki azaman canji na zahiri don aikin malloc. Siffar mimalloc ita ce ƙaƙƙarfan aiwatarwa da babban aiki (a cikin gwaje-gwaje, mimalloc yana gaba da jemalloc, tcmalloc, snmalloc, rpmalloc da Hoard).
- An ƙara kunshin ksmbd-kayan aikin kuma an aiwatar da goyan bayan aiwatar da uwar garken fayil da aka gina a cikin Linux kernel bisa ka'idar SMB.
- An ƙara saitin sabbin haruffa kuma an sabunta abubuwan da aka bayar a baya. An gabatar da mai sarrafa fnt font (mai kama da wanda ya dace da fonts), wanda ke magance matsalar shigar ƙarin fonts da kuma adana abubuwan da ke akwai har zuwa yau. Yin amfani da fnt, zaku iya shigar da ƙarin rubutun kwanan nan da ake samu a cikin ma'ajiyar Debian Sid, da kuma haruffan waje daga tarin Google Web Fonts.
- Bootloader na GRUB yana amfani da kunshin os-prober don gano wasu tsarin aiki da aka shigar da kuma samar da menus don taya su. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, booting yana tabbatar da cewa an riga an shigar da Windows 11.
- Sakamakon dakatarwar ci gaba, an cire fakitin libpam-ldap da libnss-ldap, maimakon wanda aka ba da shawarar yin amfani da daidaitattun fakitin libpam-ldapd da libnss-ldapd don tabbatar da mai amfani ta hanyar LDAP.
- An dakatar da saita tsohowar tsarin bayanan don shiga, kamar rsyslog. Don duba rajistan ayyukan, maimakon tantance fayilolin log, ana ba da shawarar kiran kayan aikin “systemd journalctl”. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya dawo da tsohuwar hali ta hanyar shigar da tsarin-log-daemon kunshin.
- Daga systemd, systemd-resolved da systemd-boot an raba su cikin fakiti daban-daban. Kunshin tsarin ya matsar da abokin ciniki na lokaci-lokaci-syncd na aiki tare daga buƙatu zuwa abin dogaro da aka ba da shawarar, yana barin ƙaramar shigarwa ba tare da abokin ciniki na NTP ba.
- An dawo da goyan bayan yin booting a cikin UEFI Secure Boot yanayin don tsarin bisa tsarin gine-ginen ARM64.
- An cire fakitin fdflush kuma yakamata a maye gurbinsa da "blockdev --flushbufs" daga util-linux.
- An cire shirye-shiryen Tempfile da rename.ul, maimakon wanda aka ba da shawarar yin amfani da mktemp da kayan aikin sake suna fayil a cikin rubutun.
- Wanne mai amfani ya ƙare kuma za a cire shi a cikin sakin gaba. A matsayin maye gurbin, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da umarnin "nau'in" ko "nau'in -a" don ƙayyade hanyar zuwa fayilolin aiwatarwa a cikin rubutun bash.
- An soke fakitin libnss-gw-name, dmraid da request-tracker13 kuma za a cire su a cikin Debian 4.
- An kunna aikin sunaye masu mu'amala da cibiyar sadarwa na ci gaba ("enX0") don na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa na Xen.
- Ƙara goyon baya don sababbin na'urori bisa ARM da RISC-V masu sarrafawa.
- An sabunta littattafan tsarin (mutumin) cikin Rashanci da Ukrainian.
- Ƙara tarin fakitin jigogi masu alaƙa da magani, ilmin halitta da ilmin taurari, waɗanda ƙungiyoyin Debian Med da Debian Astro suka shirya. Misali, fakitoci tare da sabar mai sheki (wani dandamali don karɓar aikace-aikacen yanar gizo a cikin yaren R), openvlbi (mai daidaitawa na telescopes), astap (mai sarrafa hoton astronomical), planetary-system-stacker (yana samar da hotunan taurari daga guntu) , Sabbin direbobi da ɗakunan karatu tare da tallafin yarjejeniyar INDI, Fakitin Python da ke da alaƙa da Astropy (python3-extinction, python3-sncosmo, python3-specreduce, python3-synphot), ɗakunan karatu na Java don aiki tare da tsarin ECSV da TFCAT.
- Fakitin da aikin UBports ya haɓaka tare da yanayin mai amfani na Lomiri (tsohuwar Unity 8) da uwar garken nunin Mir 2, waɗanda ke aiki azaman sabar da aka haɗa akan Wayland, an ƙara su cikin ma'ajiyar.
- A mataki na ƙarshe na shirye-shiryen don saki, da farko da ake tsammanin canji na kayan rarrabawa daga Debian 12 daga yin amfani da raba / usr bangare zuwa sabon wakilci wanda aka tsara / bin, / sbin da / lib * kundayen adireshi azaman hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa. zuwa ga kundayen adireshi masu dacewa a cikin /usr an jinkirta.
source: budenet.ru