Kungiyar PostgreSQL ta sanar da sakin PostgreSQL 12, sabon sigar tsarin kula da bayanan alakar tushen tushen tushe.
PostgreSQL 12 ya inganta aikin tambaya sosai - musamman lokacin aiki tare da ɗimbin bayanai, kuma ya inganta amfani da sararin diski gabaɗaya.
Sabbin abubuwa sun haɗa da:
- aiwatar da harshen tambaya na Hanyar JSON (mafi mahimmancin ɓangaren ma'aunin SQL/JSON);
- inganta aiwatar da maganganun tebur na gama gari (WITH);
- goyon baya ga ginshiƙan da aka samar
Har ila yau, al'umma na ci gaba da yin aiki a kan haɓakawa da amincin PostgreSQL, haɓaka tallafi don ƙaddamar da kasa da kasa, damar tantancewa, da kuma samar da hanyoyi masu sauƙi don gudanar da tsarin.
Wannan sakin ya haɗa da aiwatar da hanyar sadarwa don injunan ajiya mai toshewa, wanda yanzu ya ba masu haɓaka damar ƙirƙirar hanyoyin ajiyar bayanan nasu.
Inganta ayyuka
PostgreSQL 12 ya haɗa da gagarumin aiki da haɓaka haɓaka don ƙididdigewa da tsarin rarrabawa.
Fihirisar itacen B, daidaitaccen nau'in firikwensin a cikin PostgreSQL, an inganta su a cikin sigar 12 don nauyin aiki wanda ya haɗa da gyare-gyaren fihirisa akai-akai. Amfani da ma'auni na TPC-C don PostgreSQL 12 ya nuna matsakaicin raguwar 40% a cikin amfani da sararin samaniya da haɓaka gabaɗayan aikin tambaya.
Tambayoyi akan teburin da aka raba sun sami ci gaba na gani, musamman ga tebura da suka ƙunshi dubunnan ɓangarori waɗanda ke buƙatar aiki tare da iyakanceccen sassa na tsararrun bayanai. An inganta aikin ƙara bayanai zuwa teburin da aka raba ta amfani da INSERT da COPY, da kuma ikon haɗa sabon bangare ba tare da toshe tambayoyin ba.
PostgreSQL 12 ya yi ƙarin haɓakawa don ƙididdige abubuwan da ke tasiri ga aikin gabaɗaya, gami da:
- rage sama da ƙasa lokacin samar da WAL don nau'ikan fihirisar GiST, GIN da SP-GiST;
- da ikon ƙirƙirar abin da ake kira ma'anar rufewa (INCLUDE clause) akan ma'aunin GiST;
- ikon yin tambayoyin "makwabci mafi kusa" (binciken k-NN) ta amfani da mai aiki na nesa (<->) da kuma amfani da alamun SP-GiST;
- goyan baya don tattara ƙididdiga mafi yawan gama gari (MCV) ta amfani da KIRKISTA STATISTICS, wanda ke taimakawa samun ingantattun tsare-tsaren tambaya yayin amfani da ginshiƙan waɗanda ƙimarsu ba ta daidaita ba.
Tarin JIT ta amfani da LLVM, wanda aka gabatar a cikin PostgreSQL 11, yanzu an kunna shi ta tsohuwa. Haɗin JIT yana haɓaka aiki yayin aiki tare da maganganu a cikin INA magana, lissafin manufa, tarawa, da wasu ayyuka na ciki. Yana samuwa idan kun haɗa PostgreSQL tare da LLVM ko kuna amfani da fakitin PostgreSQL wanda aka gina tare da kunna LLVM.
Haɓakawa ga iyawar harshen SQL da daidaitattun daidaito
PostgreSQL 12 ya gabatar da ikon tambayar takaddun JSON ta amfani da maganganun hanyar JSON da aka ayyana a cikin ma'aunin SQL/JSON. Irin waɗannan tambayoyin na iya yin amfani da hanyoyin ƙididdigewa na yanzu don takaddun da aka adana a tsarin JSONB don dawo da bayanai yadda ya kamata.
Kalmomin tebur na gama-gari, wanda kuma aka sani da TARE da tambayoyin, yanzu ana iya aiwatar da su ta atomatik ta amfani da canji a cikin PostgreSQL 12, wanda hakan na iya taimakawa inganta ayyukan yawancin tambayoyin da ake da su. A cikin sabon sigar, za a iya aiwatar da wani yanki na maye gurbin tambayar TARE da shi kawai idan ba mai maimaitawa ba ne, ba shi da lahani, kuma ana ambatonsa sau ɗaya kawai a cikin wani yanki na gaba na tambayar.
PostgreSQL 12 yana gabatar da tallafi don "ginshiƙan da aka samar". An kwatanta shi a ma'aunin SQL, wannan nau'in shafi yana ƙididdige ƙima bisa abubuwan da ke cikin wasu ginshiƙai a cikin tebur guda. A cikin wannan sigar, PostgreSQL tana goyan bayan "ginshiƙan da aka adana", inda aka adana ƙididdigan ƙima akan faifai.
Ƙasashen duniya
PostgreSQL 12 yana faɗaɗa goyan baya ga haɗin gwiwar ICU ta hanyar kyale masu amfani su ayyana "tarin da ba a tantancewa ba" wanda zai iya, alal misali, ba da damar kwatancen yanayin rashin fahimta ko lafazin-rashin hankali.
Gasktawa
PostgreSQL yana faɗaɗa goyon bayan sa don ƙaƙƙarfan hanyoyin tabbatarwa tare da haɓakawa da yawa waɗanda ke ba da ƙarin tsaro da ayyuka. Wannan sakin yana gabatar da ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen abokin ciniki da gefen uwar garken don tantancewa akan musaya na GSSAPI, da kuma ikon PostgreSQL don gano sabar LDAP lokacin da aka haɗa PostgreSQL tare da OpenLDAP.
Bugu da ƙari, PostgreSQL 12 yanzu yana goyan bayan zaɓin tantance abubuwa da yawa. Sabar PostgreSQL na iya yanzu buƙatar abokin ciniki don samar da ingantacciyar takardar shaidar SSL tare da daidaitaccen sunan mai amfani ta amfani da clientcert=verify-cikakken, da haɗa wannan tare da wata hanyar tantancewa daban (misali scram-sha-256).
Gudanarwa
PostgreSQL 12 ya gabatar da ikon yin sake gina fihirisar da ba tare da toshewa ba ta amfani da umarnin REINDEX CONCURRENTLY. Wannan yana bawa masu amfani damar gujewa raguwar lokacin DBMS yayin doguwar sake gina fihirisar.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin PostgreSQL 12, za ku iya kunna ko musaki ƙididdigar shafi a cikin gungu na rufewa ta amfani da umarnin pg_checksums. A baya can, abubuwan dubawa na shafi, fasalin da ke taimakawa tabbatar da amincin bayanan da aka adana akan faifai, ana iya kunna su ne kawai lokacin da aka fara gungu na PostgreSQL ta amfani da initdb.
source: linux.org.ru