ProHoster > Блог > labaran intanet > Linux 6.7 kernel saki

Linux 6.7 kernel saki

Bayan watanni biyu na haɓakawa, Linus Torvalds ya gabatar da sakin Linux kernel 6.7. Daga cikin manyan canje-canje masu mahimmanci: haɗawa da tsarin fayil na Bcachefs, dakatar da goyon baya ga gine-ginen Itanium, ikon Nouvea don yin aiki tare da GSP-R firmware, goyon bayan ɓoyewar TLS a cikin NVMe-TCP, ikon yin amfani da keɓancewa a cikin BPF, goyon baya ga futex a cikin io_uring, ingantawa na fq (Fair Queuing) mai tsara aikin jadawali ), goyan bayan TCP-AO tsawo (Tsarin Tabbatar da TCP) da ikon ƙuntata haɗin yanar gizo a cikin tsarin tsaro na Landlock, ƙara ikon samun dama ga sunan mai amfani da io_uring ta hanyar AppArmor.

Sabuwar sigar ta ƙunshi gyare-gyare 18405 daga masu haɓaka 2066, girman facin shine 72 MB (canje-canjen ya shafi fayilolin 13467, an ƙara layukan lambar 906147, an share layin 341048). Sakin ƙarshe yana da gyare-gyare 15291 daga masu haɓaka 2058, girman facin shine 39 MB. Kimanin kashi 45% na duk canje-canjen da aka gabatar a cikin 6.7 suna da alaƙa da direbobin na'ura, kusan 14% na canje-canje suna da alaƙa da sabunta lambar musamman ga gine-ginen kayan aiki, 13% suna da alaƙa da tarin cibiyar sadarwa, 5% suna da alaƙa da tsarin fayil, da 3% suna da alaƙa da tsarin kernel na ciki.

Mabuɗin sabbin abubuwa a cikin kernel 6.7:

  • Tsarin Disk, I/O da Tsarin Fayil
    • Kwayar tana ɗaukar lambar tsarin fayil ɗin Bcachefs, wanda ke ƙoƙarin cimma aiki, amintacce da scalability na XFS, haɗe da abubuwa na ci-gaba da ayyukan da aka samu a Btrfs da ZFS. Misali, Bcachefs yana goyan bayan fasalulluka kamar haɗa na'urori da yawa a cikin ɓangarorin, shimfidar wurare masu yawa (ƙasasshen ƙasa tare da bayanan da aka saba amfani da su akai-akai dangane da SSDs masu sauri, da saman saman tare da bayanan da ba a yi amfani da su ba daga rumbun faifai), maimaitawa (RAID). 1/10), caching , m bayanai (LZ4, gzip da ZSTD halaye), yanki yanki (snapshots), tabbatar da mutunci ta amfani da checksums, ikon adana kuskuren Reed-Solomon gyara lambobin (RAID 5/6), adana bayanai a ciki nau'i mai rufaffiyar (ana amfani da ChaCha20 da Poly1305). Dangane da aikin, Bcachefs yana gaba da Btrfs da sauran tsarin fayil bisa tsarin Kwafi-kan-Rubuta, kuma yana nuna saurin aiki kusa da Ext4 da XFS.
    • Tsarin fayil ɗin Btrfs yana gabatar da yanayin keɓe mai sauƙi wanda ke ba ku damar cimma babban aiki ta hanyar bin diddigin ƙimar kawai a cikin ɓangaren da aka ƙirƙira su, wanda ke sauƙaƙe ƙididdiga da haɓaka aiki, amma baya ba ku damar yin la'akari da ƙimar da aka raba a cikin da yawa. subpartitions.
    • Btrfs ya kara sabon tsarin bayanai na "bishiyar tsiri", wanda ya dace da taswirar ma'ana a cikin yanayin da taswirar zahiri ba ta dace da na'urori ba. A halin yanzu ana amfani da tsarin a aiwatar da RAID0 da RAID1 don na'urorin toshe yanki. A nan gaba, suna shirin yin amfani da wannan tsari a cikin manyan RAIDs, wanda zai magance matsalolin da dama da ke cikin aiwatarwa na yanzu.
    • Tsarin fayil na Ceph yana aiwatar da tallafi don yin taswirar ID na mai amfani na tsarin fayil da aka ɗora, ana amfani da su don dacewa da fayilolin wani takamaiman mai amfani akan ɓangaren waje da aka ɗora tare da wani mai amfani akan tsarin na yanzu.
    • An ƙara ikon tantance uid da gid akan dutsen zuwa efivarfs don ba da damar hanyoyin da ba tushen tushen ba don canza masu canjin UEFI.
    • Ƙara kira ioctl zuwa exFAT don karantawa da canza halayen FS. Ƙara sarrafa kundayen adireshi masu girman sifili.
    • F2FS tana aiwatar da ikon yin amfani da tubalan 16K.
    • An canza injin autofs mai sarrafa kansa don amfani da sabon API mai hawa partition.
    • OverlayFS yana ba da zaɓuɓɓukan hawan "lowerdir+" da "datadir+". Ƙara goyan baya don hawa sama na OverlayFS tare da xattrs.
    • XFS ya inganta nauyin CPU a cikin ainihin lokacin toshe lambar keɓancewa. Ana ba da ikon yin karatu lokaci guda da ayyukan FICLONE.
    • An canza lambar EXT2 zuwa amfani da folios na shafi.
  • Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da sabis na tsarin
    • Tallafi ga gine-ginen ia64 da aka yi amfani da su a cikin na'urori na Intel Itanium, waɗanda aka daina gaba ɗaya a cikin 2021, an daina. Intel ne ya gabatar da na'urori masu sarrafa Itanium a cikin 2001, amma gine-ginen ia64 ya kasa yin gogayya da AMD64, musamman saboda babban aikin AMD64 da sassaucin sauyi daga na'urori masu sarrafawa 32-bit x86. Sakamakon haka, bukatun Intel sun canza zuwa ga na'urori masu sarrafawa na x86-64, kuma kuri'a na Itanium ya ci gaba da kasancewa sabar HP Integrity, umarnin da aka dakatar da shi shekaru uku da suka gabata. An cire lambar don tallafin ia64 daga kernel musamman saboda rashin tallafi na dogon lokaci ga wannan dandamali, yayin da Linus Torvalds ya bayyana niyyarsa ta dawo da tallafin ia64 zuwa kwaya, amma idan akwai mai kula da zai iya nuna inganci mai inganci. tallafi ga wannan dandali a wajen babban kwaya na akalla shekara guda.
    • An ƙara ma'aunin umarni na "ia32_emulation" kernel line, wanda ke ba ku damar kunna ko kashe goyan baya don kwaikwayon yanayin 32-bit a cikin kernels da aka gina don gine-ginen x86-64 a matakin taya. A gefe mai amfani, sabon zaɓi yana ba ku damar gina kwaya tare da goyan baya don dacewa da aikace-aikacen 32-bit, amma kashe wannan yanayin ta tsohuwa don rage tasirin harin akan kwaya, tunda API ɗin dacewa ba shi da ƙarancin gwadawa fiye da babban kernel. musaya.
    • Ci gaba da ƙaura na canje-canje daga reshen Rust-for-Linux da ke da alaƙa da amfani da harshen Rust azaman harshe na biyu don haɓaka direbobi da samfuran kwaya (tallafin tsatsa baya aiki ta tsohuwa, kuma baya haifar da haɗawar tsatsa a cikin abubuwan da ake buƙata na taro don kernel). Sabuwar sigar tana yin canji zuwa yin amfani da sakin Rust 1.73 kuma yana ba da saiti na ɗaure don aiki tare da layin aiki.
    • Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da tsarin binfmt_misc don ƙara tallafi don sabbin tsarin fayil ɗin da za a iya aiwatarwa (misali, don gudanar da aikace-aikacen Java ko Python da aka haɗa) a cikin keɓantattun wuraren sunaye marasa gata.
    • Cpuset mai sarrafa cgroup, wanda ke ba ku damar sarrafa amfani da cores na CPU lokacin aiwatar da wani aiki, yana ba da rarrabuwa zuwa rarrabuwa na gida da nesa, wanda ya bambanta da ko rukunin iyaye shine ainihin tushen tushen ko a'a. Sabbin saituna "cpuset.cpus.exclusive" da "cpuset.cpus.excluisve.effective" an kuma kara su zuwa cpuset don keɓancewar CPU dauri.
    • Tsarin tsarin BPF yana aiwatar da goyan baya don keɓantawa, waɗanda ake sarrafa su azaman ficewar gaggawa daga shirin BPF tare da ikon kwance firam ɗin tari cikin aminci. Bugu da ƙari, shirye-shiryen BPF suna ba da damar yin amfani da maƙallan kptr dangane da CPU.
    • An ƙara tallafi don aiki tare da futex zuwa tsarin io_uring, kuma an aiwatar da sabbin ayyuka: IORING_OP_WAITID (sigar jiran aiki asynchronous), SOCKET_URING_OP_GETSOCKOPT (zaɓin getsockoptand), SOCKET_URING_OP_SETSOCKOPT (zaɓin setsockopt) da IORING_OPTI (waɗanda ba a daina karantawa) da IORING_OPTIple akwai bayanai ko bai cika buffer ba).
    • Ƙara aiwatar da layukan FIFO masu nauyi masu nauyi guda ɗaya waɗanda ke buƙatar kulle-kulle kawai don ƙaddamarwa a cikin mahallin tsari da rarraba tare da maɓalli don ƙari na atomic zuwa jerin gwano a kowane mahallin.
    • An ƙara majingin zobe "objpool" tare da aiwatar da sikelin aiwatar da babban layi don rarrabawa da mayar da abubuwa.
    • An ƙara ɓangaren farko na canje-canje don aiwatar da sabon futex2 API, wanda ke da mafi kyawun aiki akan tsarin NUMA, yana goyan bayan masu girma dabam fiye da 32 bits, kuma za'a iya amfani dashi maimakon tsarin tsarin futex () mai yawa.
    • Don gine-ginen ARM32 da S390x, an ƙara goyan bayan saitin na yanzu (cpuv4) na umarnin BPF.
    • Don tsarin gine-ginen RISC-V, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da yanayin duba Stack Stack na Shadow-Kira da ake samu a cikin Clang 17, wanda aka ƙera don kariya daga sake rubuta adireshin dawowa daga wani aiki a yayin da buffer ya mamaye tari. Ma'anar kariyar ita ce adana adireshin dawowa a cikin tari na "inuwa" daban bayan canja wurin sarrafawa zuwa aiki da dawo da wannan adireshin kafin fita aikin.
    • An ƙara sabon yanayin bincika shafin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai wayo zuwa tsarin haɗa shafukan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya iri ɗaya (KSM: Kernel Samepage Merging), wanda ke bin shafukan da aka yi nasara ba tare da nasara ba kuma yana rage ƙarfin sake duba su. Don kunna sabon yanayin, an ƙara saitin /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/smart_scan.
    • An ƙara sabon umarnin ioctl PAGEMAP_SCAN, wanda, lokacin amfani da userfaultfd(), yana ba ku damar tantance gaskiyar rubuce-rubuce zuwa takamaiman kewayon ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Sabon fasalin, alal misali, ana iya amfani da shi a cikin tsarin don adanawa da dawo da yanayin ayyukan CRIU ko a cikin tsarin yaƙi da yaudara.
    • A cikin tsarin majalissar, idan akwai mai tara Clang, ana kunna taron misalan amfani da tsarin tsarin perf, wanda aka rubuta azaman shirye-shiryen BPF, ta tsohuwa.
    • Tsohon videobuf Layer, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don sarrafa framebuffers a cikin kafofin watsa labarai subsystem da aka maye gurbinsu da wani sabon aiwatar da videobuf10 fiye da shekaru 2 da suka wuce, an cire.
  • Hankali da Tsaro
    • An ƙara ikon ɓoye bayanai a cikin tubalan ƙasa da girman toshe a cikin tsarin fayil ɗin zuwa tsarin fscrypt. Ana iya buƙatar wannan don kunna hanyoyin ɓoyayyen kayan aikin da ke goyan bayan ƙananan tubalan kawai (misali, masu kula da UFS waɗanda kawai ke goyan bayan girman toshe 4096 ana iya amfani da su tare da tsarin fayil tare da girman toshe 16K).
    • Tsarin “iommufd”, wanda ke ba ku damar sarrafa tebur na shafi na IOMMU (I/O Memory-Management Unit) ta hanyar masu siffanta fayil daga sararin mai amfani, ya ƙara bin diddigin bayanan da har yanzu ba a cire su daga cache (datti) don DMA ayyuka, wanda ya zama dole don ƙayyade ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tare da bayanan da ba a haɗa su ba yayin ƙaura na tsari.
    • Taimako don ayyana ka'idodin kulawar samun dama ga soket ɗin TCP an ƙara su zuwa tsarin Landlock, wanda ke ba ku damar iyakance hulɗar ƙungiyoyin matakai tare da yanayin waje. Misali, zaku iya ƙirƙirar ƙa'ida wacce ke ba da damar isa ga tashar sadarwa ta 443 kawai don kafa haɗin HTTPS.
    • Tsarin tsarin AppArmor ya kara da ikon sarrafa damar yin amfani da hanyar io_uring da ƙirƙirar wuraren sunan mai amfani, wanda ke ba ku damar zaɓin ba da damar damar yin amfani da waɗannan damar zuwa wasu matakai kawai.
    • Ƙaddara shaidar shaidar injin kama-da-wane API don tabbatar da ingancin aikin taya injin kama-da-wane.
    • Tsarin LoongArch yana goyan bayan ƙirƙira ta amfani da KVM hypervisor.
    • Lokacin amfani da KVM hypervisor akan tsarin RISC-V, goyon baya ga tsawo na Smstateen ya bayyana, wanda ke toshe injin kama-da-wane daga samun damar yin rijistar CPU waɗanda ba su da goyan bayan hypervisor. Hakanan an ƙara goyan baya don amfani da tsawo na Zicond a cikin tsarin baƙo, wanda ke ba da damar amfani da wasu ayyuka na ƙima.
    • A cikin tsarin baƙo na tushen x86 da ke gudana ƙarƙashin KVM, har zuwa 4096 CPUs na kama-da-wane ana ba da izini.
  • Tsarin hanyar sadarwa
    • Direban NVMe-TCP (NVMe akan TCP), wanda ke ba ku damar samun damar tafiyar da NVMe akan hanyar sadarwa (NVM Express akan Fabrics) ta amfani da ka'idar TCP, ya ƙara tallafi don ɓoye tashar watsa bayanai ta amfani da TLS (ta amfani da KTLS da tsarin baya). a cikin sararin mai amfani tlshd don haɗin gwiwa).
    • An inganta aikin tsarin fakitin fq (Fair Queuing), wanda ya ba da damar haɓaka kayan aiki da kashi 5% ƙarƙashin nauyi mai nauyi a cikin gwajin tcp_rr (TCP Request/Response) kuma ta 13% tare da fakitin UDP mara iyaka.
    • TCP yana ƙara ikon zaɓi na microsecond-precision timestamp (TCP TS) damar (RFC 7323), wanda ke ba da damar ƙarin ingantattun ƙimancin latency da ƙarin na'urori masu sarrafa cunkoso. Don kunna shi, zaku iya amfani da umarnin "hanyar ip ƙara 10/8 ... fasali tcp_usec_ts".
    • Tarin TCP ya ƙara tallafi don tsawaita TCP-AO (Zaɓin Tabbatar da TCP, RFC 5925), wanda ke ba da damar tabbatar da kanun TCP ta amfani da lambobin MAC (Lambar Tabbatar da Saƙo), ta amfani da ƙarin algorithms na zamani HMAC-SHA1 da CMAC-AES- 128 maimakon a baya akwai zaɓi na TCP-MD5 dangane da gadon MD5 algorithm.
    • An ƙara sabon nau'in na'urorin cibiyar sadarwar kama-da-wane “netkit”, dabarun canja wurin bayanai wanda aka saita ta ta amfani da shirin BPF.
    • KSMBD, aiwatar da matakin kernel na uwar garken SMB, ya ƙara goyan baya don warware sunayen fayil ɗin da ke ɗauke da nau'i-nau'i na ma'auni.
    • NFS ta inganta aiwatar da zaren tare da ayyukan RPC. Ƙara goyon baya don wakilai na rubutu (na NFSv4.1+). NFSD ta ƙara goyan baya ga mai sarrafa rpc_status netlink. Ingantattun tallafi ga abokan ciniki na NFSv4.x lokacin sake fitarwa zuwa knfsd.
  • Kayan aiki
    • An ƙara goyan bayan farko don firmware na GSP-RM zuwa ƙirar kernel na Nouveau, wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin NVIDIA RTX 20+ GPU don matsar farawa da ayyukan sarrafa GPU zuwa gefen GSP microcontroller (GPU System Processor). Taimakon GSP-RM yana ba direban Nouveau damar yin aiki ta hanyar kira na firmware, maimakon yin hulɗar kayan aiki kai tsaye, yana sa ya fi sauƙi don ƙara goyon baya ga sababbin NVIDIA GPUs ta amfani da kiran da aka riga aka gina don farawa da sarrafa wutar lantarki.
    • Direban AMDGPU yana goyan bayan GC 11.5, NBIO 7.11, SMU 14, SMU 13.0 OD, DCN 3.5, VPE 6.1 da DML2. Ingantattun goyan baya don loda mara nauyi (babu kyalkyali lokacin da ake canza yanayin bidiyo).
    • Direban i915 yana ƙara goyan baya ga kwakwalwan kwamfuta na Intel Meteor Lake kuma yana ƙara aiwatarwa na farko na Intel LunarLake (Xe 2).
    • Ƙara tallafi don tashoshin watsa asymmetric da aka ƙara zuwa keɓancewar USB4 v2 (120/40G).
    • Supportara tallafi don ARM SoC: Qualcomm Snapdragon 720G (an yi amfani da su a cikin wayoyin hannu na Xiaomi), AMD Pensando Elba, Renesas, R8A779F4 (R-Car S4-8), USRobotics USR8200 (an yi amfani da su a cikin magudanar ruwa da NAS).
    • Ƙara goyon baya don wayar Fairphone 5 da allon ARM Orange Pi 5, QuartzPro64, Turing RK1, Variscite MX6, BigTreeTech CB1, Freescale LX2162, Google Spherion, Google Hayato, Genio 1200 EVK, RK3566 Powkiddy RGB30.
    • Ƙara tallafi don allon RISC-V Milk-V Pioneer da Milk-V Duo.
    • Ƙara goyon baya don musanyawan sauti na kwamfyutocin HUAWEI waɗanda aka kawo tare da AMD CPUs. Ƙara tallafi don ƙarin lasifika da aka shigar akan kwamfyutocin Dell Oasis 13/14/16. Ƙara goyon baya don ginanniyar masu magana da ASUS K6500ZC. Ƙara tallafi don alamar bebe akan kwamfyutocin HP 255 G8 da G10. Ƙara goyon baya ga direbobi masu jiwuwa acp6.3. Ƙara goyon baya don Focusrite Clarett+ 2Pre da 4Pre ƙwararrun mu'amalar rikodi.

A lokaci guda kuma, Gidauniyar Software na Kyauta ta Latin Amurka ta kirkiro sigar kwaya mai kyauta ta 6.7 - Linux-libre 6.7-gnu, share abubuwan firmware da direbobi waɗanda ke ɗauke da abubuwan da ba su da kyauta ko sassan lambobi, wanda iyakokinsa ke iyakance. ta masana'anta. A cikin sakin 6.7, an sabunta lambar tsaftacewa a cikin direbobi da tsarin ƙasa daban-daban, misali, a cikin amdgpu, nouveau, adreno, mwifiex, mt7988, ath11k, avs da direbobin btqca. An cire lambar don tsabtace localtalk da direbobin rtl8192u saboda keɓe su daga kernel. An cire abubuwan da ba dole ba don tsaftace xhci-pci, rtl8xxxu da direbobin rtw8822b, wanda aka ƙara a baya bisa kuskure. An share sunaye a cikin fayilolin dts don gine-ginen Aarch64. Abubuwan da aka cire a cikin sabbin direbobi mt7925, tps6598x, aw87390 da aw88399.

source: budenet.ru

Add a comment