Wani lokaci da suka wuce, littafin Communications Physics ya buga wani labarin kimiyya "Harnessing ferroelectric domains for negative capacitance", mawallafa na Rasha masana kimiyya daga Kudancin Tarayya University (Rostov-on-Don) Yuri Tikhonov da Anna Razumnaya, physicists daga Faransanci. Jami'ar Picardy mai suna Jules Verne Igor Lukyanchuk da Anais Sen, da kuma masanin kimiyyar kayan aiki daga Argonne National Laboratory Valery Vinokur. Labarin yayi magana game da ƙirƙirar capacitor "ba zai yiwu ba" tare da caji mara kyau, wanda aka annabta shekarun da suka gabata, amma yanzu an fara aiwatar da shi.
Ci gaban yayi alƙawarin juyin juya hali a cikin da'irori na lantarki na na'urorin semiconductor. Wani nau'i na "mara kyau" da capacitor na al'ada tare da caji mai kyau, wanda aka haɗa a cikin jerin, yana ƙara yawan ƙarfin shigarwar shigarwa a wani wuri da aka ba da sama da ƙimar ƙima zuwa abin da ake buƙata don aiki na takamaiman sassan na'urorin lantarki. A wasu kalmomi, na'ura mai sarrafawa yana iya yin amfani da shi ta hanyar ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki, amma waɗannan sassan na'urorin (blocks) da ke buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki don aiki za su sami iko mai sarrafawa tare da ƙarar wutar lantarki ta amfani da nau'i-nau'i na "mara kyau" da capacitors na al'ada. Wannan yayi alƙawarin inganta ingantaccen makamashi na na'urorin kwamfuta da ƙari mai yawa.
Kafin wannan aiwatar da mummunan capacitors, an sami irin wannan sakamako na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayi na musamman. Masana kimiyya na Rasha, tare da abokan aiki daga Amurka da Faransa, sun fito da tsari mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙi na masu karfin iko, wanda ya dace da samar da taro da kuma aiki a karkashin yanayi na al'ada.
Tsarin capacitor mara kyau wanda masana kimiyyar lissafi suka haɓaka ya ƙunshi yankuna biyu da suka rabu, kowannensu ya ƙunshi nanoparticles ferroelectric tare da cajin polarity iri ɗaya (a cikin wallafe-wallafen Soviet ana kiran su ferroelectrics). A cikin al'adarsu ta al'ada, ferroelectrics suna da cajin tsaka tsaki, wanda ya faru saboda dazuzzuka masu dacewa a cikin kayan. Masana kimiyya sun iya raba nanoparticles tare da caji iri ɗaya zuwa wurare daban-daban na jiki na capacitor - kowanne a cikin nasa yanki.
A kan iyakar al'ada tsakanin yankuna biyu masu gaba da juna, wani abin da ake kira bangon yanki ya bayyana nan da nan - yanki na canjin polarity. Ya bayyana cewa ana iya motsa bangon yanki idan an yi amfani da wutar lantarki zuwa ɗaya daga cikin yankuna na tsarin. Matsar da bangon yanki a hanya ɗaya ya zama daidai da tarin caji mara kyau. Haka kuma, da ƙarin cajin capacitor, ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki a faranti. Wannan ba haka yake ba tare da capacitors na al'ada. Ƙaruwar caji yana haifar da haɓakar ƙarfin lantarki a kan faranti. Tun da korau da talakawa capacitor suna da alaka a cikin jerin, da matakai ba su karya dokar kiyaye makamashi, amma kai ga bayyanar da wani ban sha'awa sabon abu a cikin nau'i na karuwa a cikin irin ƙarfin lantarki na wadata a wuraren da ake so na lantarki kewaye. . Zai zama mai ban sha'awa don ganin yadda za a aiwatar da waɗannan tasirin a cikin da'irori na lantarki.
source: 3dnews.ru