Simulator na Railway na Rasha (RRS): fitowar jama'a ta farko

Ranar da nake jira ta zo lokacin da zan iya gabatar da wannan ci gaba. An fara aikin ne daidai shekara guda da ta gabata, a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2018, aƙalla Ma'ajiyar RRS akan Gtihub alkawari na farko yana da daidai wannan kwanan wata.

Jirgin fasinja a babban tashar Rostov (ana iya dannawa)

Simulator na Railway na Rasha (RRS): fitowar jama'a ta farko

Menene RRS? Wannan buɗaɗɗen na'urar kwaikwayo ce ta giciye-dandamali na 1520 mm ma'aunin mirgina. A dabi’ance mai karatu zai yi tambayar: “Ku yi hakuri, menene wannan aikin, idan akwai isassun na’urorin kwaikwayo na layin dogo, na kasuwanci da na bude?” Don amsar wannan tambayar, Ina ba da shawarar duba ƙarƙashin cat

Tarihin aikin

A wani lokaci, a cikin 2001, an buga shi Microsoft Train Simulator (MSTS), wanda ya haifar da ɗimbin jama'a na zirga-zirgar jiragen ƙasa a cikin ƙasarmu. A cikin shekaru da yawa da wannan aikin ya wanzu (har sai Microsoft ya watsar da shi, yana ci gaba zuwa abubuwa masu ban sha'awa a gare shi, kamar fatarar Nokia, da dai sauransu), aikin ya sami tarin ƙarin abubuwan da aka ƙirƙira don shi: hanyoyi, mirgina hannun jari, al'amuran.

Dangane da MSTS, an ƙirƙiri wasu ayyuka da yawa daga baya, kamar OpenRails, RTrainSim (RTS) da sauran kari da abubuwan da aka samu. Ayyukan kasuwanci kuma sun bayyana, irin su shahararrun Trainz. Kuma duk abin da zai yi kyau, amma yawancin masu sha'awar sufurin jirgin kasa ba su gamsu da waɗannan samfuran ba saboda dalilai masu ma'ana - ba su da wata hanyar yin la'akari da ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin birgima na cikin gida da haɓakawa a cikin sararin samaniyar Soviet. Wannan yana da mahimmanci lokacin kallon yadda ake aiwatar da birki na jirgin kasa - babu ɗayan ayyukan da aka lissafa da ke da ko zai sami aiwatar da birki ta atomatik na tsarin Matrosov.

A cikin shekara ta 2008 ba haka ba, wani aikin ya bayyana - ZDSimulator, Vyacheslav Usov ya haɓaka. Aikin yana da ban mamaki a cikin cewa yana yin la'akari da gyara kuskuren da aka ambata a sama, yayin da aka fara mayar da hankali kan ma'aunin mirgina na Rasha. Amma akwai babban "amma" - aikin na mallakar mallaka ne kuma an rufe shi, a tsarin gine-gine ba ya ba da izinin gabatar da nasa mirgina stock.

Ni da kaina na zo batun layin dogo a 2007, lokacin da na fara aiki a ciki Farashin JSC VELNII, a matsayin abokin bincike, kuma bayan kare karatunsa na Ph.D a 2008, a matsayin babban jami'in bincike. A lokacin ne na saba da sabbin nasarorin da aka samu a fagen wasan kwaikwayo na layin dogo a wancan lokacin. Kuma ban ji daɗin abin da na gani ba, kuma aikin ZDSimulator bai wanzu a lokacin ba. Daga baya, abin sha'awa da kuzari na mirgina stock, na zo Rostov State University of Transport (RGUPS) tare da maudu'in karatun digirin digirgir kan birki na jirgin kasan dakon kaya. A yau ina jagorantar ci gaban cibiyoyin horar da zirga-zirgar jiragen kasa na jami'armu tare da koyar da darussa na musamman a Sashen Traction Rolling Stock.

Dangane da duk abubuwan da ke sama, ra'ayin ya taso na ƙirƙirar na'urar kwaikwayo wanda zai ba da damar mai haɓaka abin ƙarawa don samun cikakken iko akan hanyoyin jiki da ke faruwa a cikin mirgina. Mai kama da na'urar kwaikwayo ta sararin samaniya ta Orbiter, wanda na taɓa haɓaka ƙari a cikin nau'ikan motocin ƙaddamarwa bisa R-7. Shekara daya da ta wuce na dauki wannan aikin na jefa kaina a ciki. Disamba 26, 2018 ya ga haske a nan wannan fasahar demo.

Masu sha'awar aikina sun lura da aikina, kuma sananne a cikin da'irar simmers na jirgin ƙasa, mahaliccin abubuwan gani na ZDsimulator. Roman Biryukov (Romych Rasha Railways) ta ba ni taimako da hadin kai wajen ci gaban aikin. Daga baya wani mai haɓakawa ya haɗa mu - Alexander Mishchenko (Ulovskiy2017), mahaliccin hanya don ZDsimulator. Haɗin gwiwarmu ya kai mu ga sakinmu na farko. Bidiyon ya nuna wani bayyani na yadda wasan ke neman fitowar sa na farko

Siffofin RRS Simulator

Da farko dai, buɗaɗɗen gine-ginen software ne. Ba a ma maganar gaskiyar cewa lambar na'urar kwaikwayo a buɗe take ba, akwai API da SDK da ke nufin masu haɓaka add-ons na ɓangare na uku zuwa gare shi. Katangar shigarwa yana da tsayi sosai - ana buƙatar ƙwarewar haɓaka C++ na asali. An rubuta na'urar kwaikwayo a ciki, ta hanyar amfani da GCC compiler da bambance-bambancen MinGW don tsarin aiki na Windows. Bugu da kari, yana da kyau mai haɓakawa ya saba da tsarin Qt, tunda yawancin ra'ayoyinsa suna ƙarƙashin tsarin gine-ginen wasan.

Koyaya, tare da ƙwazo da sha'awa, wannan aikin yana buɗe babbar dama ga mai haɓakawa. Ana aiwatar da kayan juzu'i a cikin nau'ikan kayayyaki bisa ga ɗakunan karatu masu ƙarfi. Babban tsarin tsarin a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo naúrar mirgina ce, ko naúrar tafi da gidanka (MU) - mota (wanda ba mai sarrafa kanta ko a matsayin wani ɓangare na jirgin ƙasa mai yawa) ko wani yanki na locomotive. API ɗin yana ba da damar saita jujjuyawar da aka yi amfani da shi a kan saiti na dabaran PE, a cikin martanin karɓar saurin angular na saiti, da sigogin waje, kamar ƙarfin lantarki da nau'in halin yanzu a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Na'urar kwaikwayo ba ta san wani abu ba kuma ba ya so ya sani, wanda ya bar ilimin lissafi na kayan aiki na ciki zuwa lamiri na mai haɓaka na wani locomotive ko mota.

Ba shi da wuya a yi la'akari da cewa irin wannan ƙananan ƙananan matakan yana ba da damar aiwatar da ƙananan nuances na da'irar locomotive. Bugu da kari, na'urar na'urar kwaikwayo ta hada da daidaitattun kayan aiki da aka sanya akan kayan mirgina na cikin gida: crane na jirgin kasa na direba. No. 395, yanayin rarraba iska. No. 242, yanayin bawul mai taimako. No. 254 da sauran abubuwa na kayan aikin birki. Mai haɓaka abin ƙarawa kawai yana buƙatar haɗa waɗannan abubuwan zuwa cikin da'irar pneumatic na takamaiman locomotive ko mota. Bugu da kari, akwai API don ƙirƙirar raka'o'in kayan aikin ku.

A tsarin gine-gine, an gina RRS akan hulɗar manyan matakai guda biyu

  • kwaikwayo - injin motsa jiki na motsa jiki na motsa jiki TrainEngine 2. Yana aiwatar da ilimin lissafi na motsi na jirgin ƙasa, la'akari da abubuwan waje da yawa, la'akari da hulɗar raka'a masu motsi ta hanyar haɗa na'urori, aiwatar da bayanan da ke fitowa daga na'urori na waje waɗanda ke aiwatar da ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na aiki na kayan aikin mirgina.
  • viewer - tsarin ƙasa mai hoto wanda ke hango motsin jirgin ƙasa, wanda aka gina akan injin zane BudeSceneGraph

Waɗannan ƙananan tsarin suna hulɗa da juna ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, aiwatar da su bisa tsarin QSharedMemory na tsarin Qt. Na farko demos amfani da soket tushen IPC, kuma akwai shirye-shiryen komawa zuwa wannan fasaha a nan gaba, la'akari da tace wasu sassa na na'urar kwaikwayo da kuma bukatar tare da ido ga nan gaba. Canji zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da aka raba ya kasance wani ma'aunin tilastawa wanda ya wuce amfanin sa.

Ba zan bayyana nuances ba - da yawa daga cikin vicissitudes na ci gaban wannan aikin an riga an bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafen kan albarkatun, musamman, Ina da wani fairly m. jerin koyawa akan injin OpenSceneGraph, wanda ya girma daga al'adar yin aiki akan wannan aikin.

Ba duk abin da ke cikin aikin yana da santsi kamar yadda muke so ba. Musamman, tsarin tsarin zane-zane ya yi nisa da kamala dangane da samar da inganci, kuma aikin sim ɗin ya bar abin da ake so. Wannan sakin yana da manufa guda ɗaya - don gabatar da al'ummar masu sha'awar sufurin jirgin ƙasa zuwa aikin, zayyana ƙarfinsa kuma a ƙarshe ƙirƙirar na'urar kwaikwayo ta hanyar dogo mai buɗewa, ta giciye tare da API na ci gaba don masu haɓakawa.

Abubuwan da suka dace

Abubuwan da za su dogara da ku, masu amfani da mu na gaba da masu haɓakawa. Aikin a bude yake kuma akwai official websiteinda zaku iya saukar da na'urar kwaikwayo, daga takardun shaida, abun da ke ciki wanda za a ci gaba da cika shi. Akwai taron aikin, Kungiyar VKkuma YouTube channel, inda za ku iya samun cikakkiyar shawara da taimako.

Na gode da hankali!

source: www.habr.com

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