Bukatar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun IT sun fi kowane lokaci girma. Saboda jimlar dijital na kasuwanci, masu haɓakawa sun zama albarkatu mafi mahimmanci ga kamfanoni. Duk da haka, yana da matukar wahala a sami mutanen da suka dace da ƙungiyar; rashin ƙwararrun ma'aikata ya zama matsala mai tsanani.
Karancin ma'aikata a fannin IT
Hoton kasuwa a yau shine: ƙwararrun ƙwararru kaɗan ne, kusan ba a horar da su ba, kuma babu ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da yawa. Bari mu dubi gaskiya da adadi.
1. A cewar wani binciken da Asusun Bunƙasa Ƙaddamarwa na Intanet ya gudanar, makarantun sakandare da manyan makarantu na kawo ƙwararrun IT dubu 60 kacal a kasuwa a kowace shekara. A cewar masana, a cikin shekaru 10 tattalin arzikin Rasha na iya rasa kusan masu haɓaka miliyan biyu don yin gogayya da ƙasashen yamma a fagen fasaha.
2. An riga an sami ƙarin guraben aiki fiye da ƙwararrun ma'aikata. A cewar HeadHunter, a cikin shekaru biyu kadai (daga 2016 zuwa 2018), kamfanonin Rasha sun buga fiye da 300 dubu ayyukan yi ga ƙwararrun IT. A lokaci guda, 51% na tallace-tallace ana magana da su ga mutanen da ke da ƙwarewar shekaru ɗaya zuwa uku, 36% ga ƙwararru waɗanda ke da ƙwarewar aƙalla shekaru huɗu, kuma kawai 9% ga masu farawa.
3. A cewar wani bincike da VTsIOM da APKIT suka gudanar, kashi 13% na waɗanda suka kammala karatun digiri sun yi imanin cewa iliminsu ya isa yin aiki a cikin ayyukan IT na gaske. Kwalejoji har ma da manyan jami'o'i ba su da lokaci don daidaita shirye-shiryen ilimi ga bukatun kasuwancin aiki. Suna da wahala su ci gaba da saurin canji a fasahohi, mafita da samfuran da ake amfani da su.
4. Bisa ga IDC, kawai 3,5% na masu sana'a na IT sun kasance cikakke. Kamfanonin Rasha da yawa suna buɗe nasu cibiyoyin horo don cike giɓi da kuma shirya ma'aikata don bukatunsu.
Misali, Parallels yana da nasa dakin gwaje-gwaje a MSTU. Bauman da haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran manyan jami'o'in fasaha a Rasha, da Bankin Tinkoff sun shirya darussa a Faculty of Mechanics da Mathematics na Jami'ar Jihar Moscow da makarantar kyauta don masu haɓaka fintech.
Ba Rasha kadai ke fuskantar matsalar karancin kwararrun ma’aikata ba. Lambobin sun bambanta, amma yanayin yana kusan iri ɗaya a cikin Amurka, Burtaniya, Australia, Kanada, Jamus, Faransa… Akwai ƙarancin ƙwararru a duk faɗin duniya. Saboda haka, akwai ainihin gwagwarmaya don mafi kyau. Kuma irin waɗannan nuances kamar ɗan ƙasa, jinsi, shekaru shine abu na ƙarshe da ke damun masu aiki.
Hijira na Rasha IT kwararru a kasashen waje
Ba asiri ba ne cewa masu haɓakawa daga Rasha ne ke mamaye gasar shirye-shirye na kasa da kasa. Google Code Jam, Microsoft Imagine Cup, CEPC, TopCoder - wannan ƙaramin jerin manyan gasa ne inda ƙwararrunmu ke samun mafi girman maki. Shin kun san abin da suke cewa game da masu shirye-shiryen Rasha a ƙasashen waje?
- Idan kuna da matsala mai wahala ta shirye-shirye, mika ta ga Amurkawa. Idan yana da wahala sosai, je wurin Sinanci. Idan kuna tunanin ba zai yiwu ba, ku ba wa Rashawa!
Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa kamfanoni irin su Google, Apple, IBM, Intel, Oracle, Amazon, Microsoft, da Facebook suna farautar masu haɓaka mu. Kuma masu daukar ma'aikata na waɗannan kungiyoyi ba sa buƙatar yin ƙoƙari sosai; yawancin ƙwararrun IT na Rasha da kansu suna mafarkin irin wannan aikin, kuma mafi mahimmanci, ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje. Me yasa? Akwai aƙalla dalilai da yawa na wannan.
Ra'ayi
Ee, albashi a Rasha ba shine mafi ƙanƙanta ba (musamman ga masu haɓakawa). Sun fi na kasashe da dama a Asiya da Afirka. Amma a cikin Amurka da EU yanayin sun fi kyau ... da kusan sau uku zuwa biyar. Kuma duk yadda suka ce kudi ba shi ne babban abin ba, su ne ma’aunin nasara a wannan zamani. Ba za ku iya saya farin ciki tare da su ba, amma za ku iya saya sababbin dama da wani 'yanci. Wannan shi ne abin da suke tafiya.
Jihohi ne ke matsayi na farko a fannin albashi. Masu haɓaka software a Amazon suna samun matsakaicin $121 kowace shekara. Don ƙarin bayani, wannan shine kusan 931 rubles kowace wata. Microsoft da Facebook suna biyan ma fiye - $630 da $000 a kowace shekara, bi da bi. Turai tana motsa ƙasa tare da buƙatun kayan abu. A Jamus, alal misali, albashin shekara shine $ 140, a Switzerland - $ 000. Amma a kowane hali, albashin Rasha bai kai na Turai ba.
Abubuwan zamantakewa da tattalin arziki
Ƙarƙashin kuɗi da yanayin tattalin arziki mara kyau a Rasha, tare da ra'ayoyin ra'ayi game da abin da ya fi kyau a ƙasashen waje, kuma yana ƙarfafa masu haɓaka masu basira su bar ƙasarsu. Bayan haka, da alama a cikin ƙasashen waje na m, ana samun ƙarin damammaki, kuma yanayin ya fi kyau, kuma magunguna sun fi kyau, kuma abinci ya fi dadi, kuma a cikin rayuwa gaba ɗaya yana da sauƙi da jin dadi.
Gabaɗaya, ƙwararrun IT sun fara tunanin motsi yayin da suke karatu. Muna da banners masu haske da gayyata "Aiki a cikin Amurka" a cikin hanyoyin manyan cibiyoyin ilimi na ƙasar, kuma ofisoshin masu daukar ma'aikata suna nan daidai a ikon koyarwa. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, hudu daga cikin masu shirya shirye-shirye shida na zuwa kasashen waje aiki cikin shekaru uku bayan kammala karatunsu. Wannan magudanar kwakwalwar na hana kasar samun kwararrun ma’aikata da ake bukata domin tallafawa tattalin arzikin kasar.
Akwai mafita?
Da farko dai, ya kamata manufofin matasa su yi tasiri wajen rage yawan ma'aikata a kasashen waje. Yana da kyau al’ummar jihar su gane cewa, babban abin da ya fi muhimmanci ga ci gaban tattalin arzikin kasa shi ne horar da injiniyoyin na’ura mai kwakwalwa na zamani kawai, har ma da neman hanyoyin jawo kwararrun ma’aikata a gida. Gasar kasa ta dogara da wannan.
Idan aka yi la'akari da arzikin ɗan adam, ya kamata Rasha ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyin fasaha na duniya. Amma har yanzu ba a cimma wannan damar ba. Haƙiƙanin zamani sun kasance irin wannan cewa jihar tana jinkirin amsawa ga "ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa". Saboda haka, kamfanonin Rasha dole ne su yi fafatawa a duniya don irin wannan baiwa.
Yadda za a riƙe mai haɓaka mai mahimmanci? Yana da mahimmanci a saka hannun jari a horonsa. Filin IT yana buƙatar sabuntawa akai-akai na ƙwarewa da ilimi. Ci gaban kamfani shine abin da mutane da yawa ke so kuma suke tsammani daga ma'aikatansu. Sau da yawa sha'awar ƙaura zuwa wata ƙasa yana da alaƙa da tabbacin cewa a cikin Rasha ba zai yiwu ba don haɓaka sana'a ko koyon sababbin fasaha. Tabbatar da in ba haka ba.
A ka'ida, ana iya magance batun ci gaban mutum ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Ba dole ba ne a biya waɗannan kwasa-kwasan ko taron ƙasa da ƙasa masu tsada. Kyakkyawan zaɓi shine ba da aikin aiki wanda zai ba ka damar ƙware sabbin fasahohi ko harsunan shirye-shirye. Zai fi dacewa waɗanda kowa ke magana akai. Masu haɓaka suna son ƙalubale. Ba tare da su ba sun gundura. Kuma haɗa horo kai tsaye zuwa ayyukan kamfani shine zaɓi na nasara ga duka ma'aikata da kasuwanci.
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ƙwararrun masu haɓakawa ba sa son aiki mai sauƙi, na yau da kullun. Suna da sha'awar magance matsalolin, gano mafita na asali, da kuma wuce samfurin al'ada. A cikin manyan kamfanoni na Amurka, ƙwararrun IT ɗinmu ba sa cikin matsayi na farko; abubuwa masu rikitarwa da wuya a ba su wakilci. Don haka ayyuka masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke ba ku damar haɓaka ƙwarewa a cikin yanayi mai daɗi na ƙungiyoyin Rasha shine kyakkyawan juzu'i ga kyawawan albashi a cikin Amurka da Turai.
source: www.habr.com