A wadanne kasashe ne masu ci gaba suke samun karin haraji idan aka yi la’akari da haraji da tsadar rayuwa?

Idan muka kwatanta albashin mai haɓaka software tare da cancantar matsakaici a Moscow, Los Angeles da San Francisco, ɗaukar bayanan albashin da masu haɓakawa da kansu suka bari akan sabis na saka idanu na musamman na albashi, zamu ga: 

• A Moscow, albashin irin wannan mai haɓakawa a ƙarshen 2019 shine 130 rubles. kowane wata (bisa lafazin sabis na albashi akan moikrug.ru)
• A San Francisco - $9 kowace wata, wanda kusan daidai yake da 404 rubles. kowane wata (bisa lafazin sabis na albashi akan glassdoor.com).

A kallon farko, mai haɓakawa a San Francisco yana yin fiye da sau 4 albashi. Mafi sau da yawa, kwatancen ya ƙare a nan, suna yin ƙarshe na baƙin ciki game da babban gibin albashi kuma suna tunawa da Peter the Pig.

Amma a lokaci guda, aƙalla abubuwa biyu ba a kula da su:

1. A cikin Rasha, ana nuna albashin bayan an cire harajin kuɗin shiga, wanda a cikin ƙasarmu shine 13%, kuma a cikin Amurka - kafin cire haraji irin wannan, wanda ke ci gaba, ya dogara da matakin samun kudin shiga, matsayin aure da jihar. , kuma ya bambanta daga 10 zuwa 60%.
2. Bugu da ƙari, farashin kayayyaki da ayyuka na gida a Moscow da San Francisco ya bambanta sosai. A cewar service numbeo.com, farashin kayan yau da kullun da gidajen haya a San Francisco ya kusan sau 3 sama da na Moscow.

Don haka, idan muka yi la'akari da haraji, ya zama cewa muna buƙatar kwatanta albashi na 130 rubles. a Moscow tare da albashi na 000 rubles. a San Francisco (muna cire 248% na tarayya da kashi 000% na harajin shiga na jihar daga albashin ku). Kuma idan kun yi la'akari da farashin rayuwa, to daga 28 rubles. (mun raba albashi ta 28 - farashin rayuwa a nan ya ninka sau da yawa fiye da na Moscow). 

Kuma ya zama cewa ƙwararren ƙwararren mai haɓaka software a Moscow yana iya samun ƙarin kayan aiki da sabis na cikin gida akan albashi fiye da abokin aikinsa a San Francisco.

Da zarar mun yi mamakin lissafin da muka samu, mun yanke shawarar kwatanta albashin masu gudanarwa na tsakiya a Moscow tare da albashi na masu gudanarwa a wasu biranen duniya, sau da yawa ana samun su a cikin mafi kyawun biranen masu tasowa. Sakamakon ya kasance tebur na birane 45 tare da biranen Rasha 12 da ke da mutane miliyan guda. A ina kuke ganin Moscow ta sami kanta? 

Hanyar lissafi

Asalin bayanai

Albashi

• An karɓi albashin masu haɓakawa a cikin biranen Rasha daga lissafin albashi moikrug.ru (bayanan da aka ɗauka don rabin 2nd na 2019), albashin masu haɓakawa daga Kyiv - daga kalkuleta ku.u (bayanan da aka ɗauka don Yuni-Yuli 2019), albashin masu haɓakawa daga Minsk - daga lissafin dev.by (albashin da ake karba na 2019), albashi ga sauran garuruwa - daga lissafin glassdoor.com. An canza duk albashin zuwa rubles a farashin musayar kamar na 08.11.19/XNUMX/XNUMX.
• A kan duk ayyukan da ke sama, masu amfani da kansu suna nuna ƙwarewar su, cancantar su, wurin zama da kuma albashin da suke karɓa a halin yanzu.
• Don neman albashi akan glassdoor, dou.ua da dev.by, an yi amfani da tambayar "mai haɓaka software" (daidai da matakin tsakiya na Rasha); idan akwai rashin bayanai, an yi amfani da tambayar "injiniya software".

tsadar rayuwa

• Don ƙididdige tsadar rayuwa a biranen duniya, mun yi amfani da Ƙididdiga na Kudin Rayuwa Plus Rent Index, wanda ke ƙididdige sabis ɗin. numbeo.com, kwatanta farashin kayan masarufi, gami da haya, tare da irin wannan farashin a birnin New York.

Haraji

• Mun karbi haraji daga biranen duniya daga wurare daban-daban na budewa da kuma haɗa su hanyar haɗi zuwa kasidarmu ta haraji, wanda a ƙarshe muka tattara, da kuma gajeriyar fassararsa sigar tambura. Kowa na iya duba bayanin sau biyu ko bayar da shawarar gyara.
• Wasu ƙasashe suna amfani da ƙimar haraji daban-daban, wanda ya dogara ba kawai akan adadin kuɗin shiga ba, har ma da wasu dalilai masu yawa: kasancewar iyali, yara, shigar da haɗin gwiwa na dawowa, ƙungiyoyin addini, da sauransu. Saboda haka, don sauƙi, mun ɗauka cewa ma'aikaci ba shi da aure, ba shi da 'ya'ya kuma ba ya cikin wata ƙungiya ta addini.
• Mun yi imanin cewa duk albashi a Rasha, Ukraine da Belarus an nuna bayan haraji, da kuma a wasu ƙasashe - kafin haraji.

Me muka kirga?

Sanin haraji ga kowane birni, da kuma matsakaicin albashi da matsakaicin farashin rayuwa dangane da Moscow, mun sami damar kwatanta yawancin kayayyaki da ayyuka da za a iya saya a kowane birni idan aka kwatanta da irin wannan kayayyaki da ayyuka a Moscow.

Ga kanmu, mun kira shi ma'anar samar da kayayyaki, ayyuka da gidajen haya, ko a takaice - ma'aunin tsaro. 

Idan ga birni wannan index, alal misali, shine 1,5, yana nufin cewa ga wannan albashi, tare da farashin da haraji da ke wanzu a cikin birni, za ku iya siyan kaya sau ɗaya da rabi fiye da na Moscow.

Ƙananan lissafi:

• Bari Sm ya zama matsakaicin albashi a Moscow (Salary) kuma Cm ya zama farashin kaya, ayyuka da haya na Apartment a Moscow (Kudi). Sannan Qm = Sm / Cm shine adadin kayan da za'a iya saya a Moscow tare da albashi (Quantity).
• Bari Sx ya zama matsakaicin albashi a birni X, Cx ya zama farashin kaya, sabis da hayar gidaje a cikin birni X. Sannan Qx = Sx / Cx shine adadin kayan da za a iya siya a birni X tare da albashi.
• Qx/Qm - Wannan shine abin ma'aunin tsaro, wanda muke bukata.

Yadda za a lissafta wannan index, da ciwon kawai farashin rayuwa da hayar index daga numbeo? Kuma ga yadda: 

• Im = Cx / Cm - farashin rayuwa index na birnin X idan aka kwatanta da Moscow: ya nuna sau nawa farashin kaya, ayyuka da kuma gidajen haya a cikin birnin X ya fi ko ƙasa da wannan farashin a Moscow. A cikin bayanan asali, muna da maƙasudin irin wannan, Numbeo, wanda ke kwatanta duk biranen zuwa New York. Mun sauƙaƙa mu mayar da shi cikin index wanda ya kwatanta duk biranen da Moscow. (Im = In / Imn * 100, inda In ne farashin farashin rayuwa a cikin birni, kuma Imn shine ƙimar farashin rayuwa a Moscow akan Nambeo).
• Qx / Qm = (Sx / Cx) / (Sm / Cm) = (Sx / Sm) / (Cx / Cm) = (Sx / Sm) / Im

Wato, don samun fihirisar samar da kayayyaki, ayyuka da gidaje na haya ga birni, kuna buƙatar raba matsakaicin albashin wannan birni ta hanyar albashin matsakaici a Moscow sannan ku raba shi da ma'aunin farashin rayuwa na rayuwa. wannan birni idan aka kwatanta da Moscow.

Ƙididdiga na biranen duniya bisa ga ƙididdiga na samar da kayayyaki na gida, ayyuka da gidajen haya

Number	Town	Farashin GROSS (kafin haraji, dubu rubles)	Haraji (shigarwa + inshorar zamantakewa)	Salary NET (bayan haraji, dubu rubles)	Index tsadar rayuwa (dangi da Moscow)	Index bayar (dangi zuwa Moscow)
1	Vancouver	452	20,5% + 6,72%	356	164,14	167,02
2	Austin	436	25,00%	327	159,16	158,04
3	Seattle	536	28,00%	386	200,34	148,18
4	Kyiv	155	18,00%	127	70,07	139,43
5	Minsk	126	13,00%	115	63,65	138,99
6	Montreal	287	20,5% + 6,72%	226	125,70	138,48
7	Berlin	310	25,50%	231	129,70	136,98
8	Chicago	438	30,00%	307	181,73	129,78
9	Boston	480	30,00%	336	210,07	123,03
10	Toronto	319	20,5% + 6,72%	252	171,56	112,78
11	Krasnodar	101	13,00%	88	60,54	111,81
12	Harshen Tomsk	92	13,00%	80	56,39	109,12
13	Saint Petersburg	126	13,00%	110	77,61	109,03
14	Новосибирск	102	13,00%	89	63,41	107,96
15	Hong Kong	360	13,00%	284	203,81	107,14
16	Voronezh	92	13,00%	80	58,06	105,98
17	Helsinki	274	29,15%	194	145,75	102,46
18	Moscow	149	13,00%	130	100,00	100,00
19	Samara	92	13,00%	80	63,05	97,61
20	Kazan	90	13,00%	78	62,24	96,40
21	Amsterdam	371	40,85%	219	175,73	96,06
22	Екатеринбург	92	13,00%	80	64,22	95,82
23	Prague	162	13,00%	120	98,23	93,88
24	Warsaw	128	13,00%	105	86,46	93,39
25	Nizhny Novgorod	92	13,00%	80	66,05	93,17
26	Budapest	116	13,00%	97	80,92	92,62
27	New York	482	36,82%	305	260,96	89,77
28	Пермь	76	13,00%	66	59,13	85,86
29	Los Angeles	496	56,00%	218	195,90	85,69
30	London	314	32,00%	214	197,23	83,27
31	Сингапур	278	27,00%	203	188,94	82,62
32	Chelyabinsk	69	13,00%	60	56,81	81,24
33	Sofia	94	10% + 13,78%	73	71,35	78,64
34	Красноярск	71	13,00%	62	61,85	77,11
35	Madrid	181	30% + 6,35%	119	119,62	76,30
36	Tel Aviv	392	50% + 12%	172	174,16	76,18
37	Sydney	330	47% + 2%	171	176,15	74,85
38	Paris	279	39,70%	168	174,79	74,04
39	Bangalore	52	10% + 10%	46	48,90	72,88
40	San Francisco	564	56,00%	248	270,80	70,49
41	Tallinn	147	20% + 33%	79	94,28	64,28
42	Roma	165	27% + 9,19%	109	139,56	60,29
43	Dublin	272	41% + 10,75%	143	184,71	59,65
44	Bucharest	80	35% + 10%	47	69,31	51,94
45	Stockholm	300	80,00%	60	147,65	31,26

Waɗannan wasu bayanai ne na bazata har ma da ɗan ban mamaki. 

Muna sane da cewa alkalumman da aka samu ba su bayyana cikakken zurfin irin wannan faffadan ra'ayi kamar ingancin rayuwa ba, wanda ya hada da: ilimin halittu, kula da lafiya, aminci, isa ga sufuri, bambancin yanayin birane, ayyuka iri-iri, tafiye-tafiye da ƙari mai yawa. .

Duk da haka, muna da a fili kuma tare da takamaiman alkaluman da aka nuna cewa duk da cewa a cikin ƙasashe da yawa masu haɓaka albashi suna da girma sosai idan aka kwatanta da na Rasha, mutane kaɗan suna ganin cewa a cikin waɗannan ƙasashe guda biyu haraji da tsadar rayuwa sun fi girma fiye da na gida . A sakamakon haka, an daidaita damar rayuwa, kuma a yau mai haɓakawa zai iya zama a Moscow ko St. Petersburg mai arziki kuma mafi ban sha'awa fiye da Paris ko Tel Aviv.

Muna dafa abinci babba bayar da rahoto kan albashin kwararrun IT na rabin na biyu na 2019, kuma muna neman ku raba bayanin albashinku na yanzu a cikin lissafin albashinmu.

Bayan haka, zaku iya gano albashi a kowane fanni da kowane fasaha ta hanyar saita matatun da suka dace a cikin kalkuleta. Amma abu mafi mahimmanci shine zaku taimaka mana mu sanya kowane nazari na gaba ya zama daidai kuma mai amfani.

Bar albashin ku.

source: www.habr.com