Ƙungiyar masu bincike daga Cibiyar Paul Scherrer (Villigen, Switzerland) da ETH Zurich sun bincika kuma sun tabbatar da aikin wani abu mai ban sha'awa na magnetism a matakin atomic. Atypical hali na maganadiso a matakin nanometer gungu da aka annabta shekaru 60 da Soviet da kuma American masanin kimiyyar lissafi Igor Ekhielevich Dzyaloshinskii. Masu bincike a Switzerland sun sami damar ƙirƙirar irin wannan tsarin kuma a yanzu suna tsinkayar makoma mai haske a gare su, ba kawai azaman mafita na ajiya ba, har ma, ba kamar yadda aka saba ba, a matsayin maye gurbin transistor a cikin na'urori masu sarrafawa tare da abubuwan nanoscale.
A cikin duniyarmu, allurar kompas koyaushe tana nuna arewa, wanda ke ba da damar sanin alkiblar gabas da yamma. Kishiyantar polarity maganadiso suna jan hankali da tura maganadisu unipolar suna tunkudewa. A cikin microcosm na ma'auni na atoms da yawa, a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, matakan magnetic suna faruwa daban-daban. Game da mu'amalar ɗan gajeren zango na cobalt atom, alal misali, yankuna maƙwabta na magnetization kusa da atom ɗin da ke kan arewa suna fuskantar yamma. Idan madaidaicin ya canza zuwa kudu, to, atom a cikin yankin da ke makwabtaka zai canza yanayin maganadisu zuwa gabas. Abin da ke da mahimmanci, atom ɗin sarrafawa da atom ɗin bawa suna cikin jirgi ɗaya. A baya can, an sami irin wannan sakamako ne kawai a cikin sifofin atomic da aka tsara a tsaye (ɗaya sama da ɗayan). Wurin sarrafawa da wuraren sarrafawa a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya yana buɗe hanyar ƙirar ƙira da kayan gine-ginen ajiya.
Ana iya canza shugabanci na maganadisu na Layer iko duka ta hanyar filin lantarki da ta halin yanzu. Yin amfani da ka'idodi guda ɗaya, ana sarrafa transistor. Sai kawai a cikin yanayin nanomagnets cewa gine-ginen na iya samun ƙwaƙƙwarar haɓakawa duka dangane da yawan aiki, da kuma yanayin adana amfani da rage yanki na mafita (rage ma'auni na tsarin fasaha). A wannan yanayin, wuraren da aka haɗa magnetization, sarrafawa ta hanyar sauya magnetization na manyan yankuna, za su yi aiki a matsayin ƙofofi.
An bayyana abin da ya faru na magnetization mai haɗaka a cikin ƙirar musamman na tsararru. Don yin wannan, an kewaye wani cobalt Layer 1,6 nm lokacin farin ciki a sama da ƙasa ta hanyar substrates: platinum a ƙasa, da aluminum oxide a sama (ba a nuna a hoton ba). Ba tare da wannan ba, haɗin gwiwar arewa maso yamma da kudu maso gabas bai faru ba. Har ila yau, lamarin da aka gano na iya haifar da bullar antiferromagnets na roba, wannan kuma yana iya buɗe hanyar zuwa sababbin fasaha don rikodin bayanai.
source: 3dnews.ru