Masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Moscow tare da abokan aiki daga Jami'ar Pedagogical ta Jihar Moscow da Jami'ar Manchester sun ƙirƙiri na'urar gano hasken terahertz mai mahimmanci dangane da tasirin rami a cikin graphene. A haƙiƙa, an juyar da transistor mai tasirin filin zuwa na'urar ganowa, wanda za'a iya buɗe shi ta sigina "daga iska", kuma ba a watsa ta hanyar da'irori na al'ada ba.
Tunneling Quantum. Tushen hoto: Daria Sokol, sabis na latsa MIPT
Binciken, wanda ya samo asali ne daga ra'ayoyin masana kimiyyar lissafi Mikhail Dyakonov da Mikhail Shur a farkon shekarun 1990, ya kawo kusa da zamanin fasahar terahertz mara waya. Wannan yana nufin cewa saurin sadarwar mara waya zai ninka sau da yawa, kuma radar da fasahar tsaro, ilimin taurari na rediyo da binciken likitanci za su tashi zuwa wani sabon matsayi.
Tunanin masana kimiyyar Rasha shine cewa an ba da shawarar yin amfani da transistor na rami ba don haɓaka sigina da lalata ba, amma a matsayin na'urar da “da kanta ta juya siginar da aka daidaita zuwa jerin ragowa ko bayanan murya saboda alaƙar da ba ta dace ba. tsakanin halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki." A wasu kalmomi, tasirin tunnel ɗin zai iya faruwa a ƙananan sigina mai ƙarancin gaske a ƙofar transistor, wanda zai ba da damar transistor ya fara tunneling current (buɗe) koda daga sigina mai rauni sosai.
Me yasa tsarin gargajiya na amfani da transistor bai dace ba? Lokacin matsawa zuwa kewayon terahertz, mafi yawan transistor da ke wanzu ba su da lokacin karɓar cajin da ake buƙata, don haka da'irar rediyo na yau da kullun tare da ƙararrawar siginar sigina akan transistor wanda ke biye da demodulation ya zama mara amfani. Wajibi ne ko dai don inganta transistor, wanda kuma yana aiki har zuwa ƙayyadaddun iyaka, ko kuma bayar da wani abu daban. Masana kimiyyar lissafi na Rasha sun ba da shawarar wannan “sauran” daidai.
Graphene rami transistor azaman mai gano terahertz. Madogaran hoto: Nature Communications
"Ra'ayin mayar da martani mai karfi na ramin transistor zuwa ƙananan wutar lantarki an san shi kusan shekaru goma sha biyar," in ji daya daga cikin mawallafin binciken, shugaban dakin gwaje-gwaje na optoelectronics na kayan abu biyu a Cibiyar Photonics. da Material-Dimensional Materials a MIPT, Dmitry Svintsov. "A gabanmu, babu wanda ya gane cewa za a iya amfani da wannan kaddarorin na ramin transistor a cikin fasahar gano terahertz." Kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka kafa, "idan transistor ya buɗe kuma ya rufe da kyau a ƙananan ƙarfin siginar sarrafawa, to ya kamata kuma yayi kyau wajen ɗaukar sigina mai rauni daga iska."
Don gwajin, wanda aka bayyana a cikin mujallar Nature Communications, an ƙirƙiri transistor na rami akan bilayer graphene. Gwajin ya nuna cewa hankalin na'urar a yanayin rami yana da umarni da yawa sama da na yanayin jigilar kayayyaki na gargajiya. Don haka, na'urar gano transistor na gwaji ya juya baya zama mafi muni a hankali fiye da makamancin superconductor da na'urorin bolometers da ake samu a kasuwa. Ka'idar ta nuna cewa idan mafi tsarkin graphene, mafi girman hankali zai kasance, wanda ya zarce karfin injin gano terahertz na zamani, kuma wannan ba juyin halitta bane, amma juyin juya hali ne a cikin masana'antar.
source: 3dnews.ru