Mozilla ta sanar da aniyar ta ta fara aiki a HTTP/3 da QUIC tare da sakin Firefox 88, wanda aka shirya a ranar 19 ga Afrilu (da farko ana sa ran za a saki ranar 20 ga Afrilu, amma idan aka yi la’akari da jadawalin, za a tura shi baya da rana daya). Taimakon HTTP/3 za a kunna don ƙananan kaso na masu amfani da farko kuma, hana duk wasu batutuwan da ba zato ba tsammani, za a fitar da su ga kowa da kowa a ƙarshen Mayu. A cikin ginin dare da sigar beta, an kunna HTTP/3 ta tsohuwa a ƙarshen Maris.
Bari mu tuna cewa aiwatar da HTTP/3 a Firefox ya dogara ne akan aikin neqo wanda Mozilla ya haɓaka, wanda ke ba da abokin ciniki da aiwatar da sabar don ƙa'idar QUIC. An rubuta lambar ɓangaren don HTTP/3 da tallafin QUIC a cikin Rust. Don sarrafa ko an kunna HTTP/3, game da: config yana ba da zaɓi na "network.http.http3.enabled". Daga software na abokin ciniki, tallafin gwaji don HTTP/3 kuma an ƙara shi zuwa Chrome da curl, kuma don sabobin ana samun su a cikin nginx, haka kuma a cikin nau'in nginx module da sabar gwaji daga Cloudflare. A gefen gidan yanar gizon, an riga an bayar da tallafin HTTP/3 akan sabar Google da Facebook.
Ka'idar HTTP/3 har yanzu tana kan daftarin matakin ƙayyadaddun bayanai kuma har yanzu IETF ba ta daidaita ba. HTTP/3 yana buƙatar goyon bayan abokin ciniki da uwar garken don sigar iri ɗaya ta ƙa'idar daftarin QUIC da HTTP/3, wanda aka ƙayyade a cikin taken Alt-Svc (Firefox yana goyan bayan ƙayyadaddun daftarin aiki 27 zuwa 32).
HTTP/3 yana ayyana amfani da ƙa'idar QUIC azaman jigilar kayayyaki don HTTP/2. Google ya haɓaka ƙa'idar QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections) tun daga 2013 a matsayin madadin haɗin TCP + TLS don Yanar gizo, magance matsaloli tare da dogon saiti da lokutan tattaunawa don haɗin kai a cikin TCP da kuma kawar da jinkiri lokacin da fakiti suka ɓace yayin bayanai. canja wuri. QUIC wani tsawo ne na ka'idar UDP wanda ke goyan bayan haɓakar haɗin kai da yawa kuma yana ba da hanyoyin ɓoyewa daidai da TLS/SSL. A lokacin haɓaka ƙa'idar IETF, an yi canje-canje ga ƙa'idar, wanda ya haifar da fitowar rassa guda biyu masu kama da juna, ɗaya na HTTP/3, na biyu kuma yana goyan bayan Google (Chrome yana goyan bayan zaɓuɓɓuka biyu).
Mabuɗin fasali na QUIC:
- Babban tsaro mai kama da TLS (ainihin QUIC yana ba da damar yin amfani da TLS akan UDP);
- Gudanar da gaskiya ta gudana, hana asarar fakiti;
- Ikon kafa haɗin kai nan take (0-RTT, a cikin kusan 75% na lokuta ana iya watsa bayanai nan da nan bayan aika fakitin saitin haɗin kai) da kuma samar da ɗan jinkiri tsakanin aika buƙatu da karɓar amsa (RTT, Lokacin Tafiya na Zagaye);
- Yin amfani da lambar jeri daban-daban lokacin da ake sake aikawa da fakiti, wanda ke guje wa shubuha wajen gano fakitin da aka karɓa da kuma kawar da ɓata lokaci;
- Asarar fakiti yana rinjayar kawai isar da rafin da ke da alaƙa da shi kuma baya dakatar da isar da bayanai a cikin magudanan ruwa guda ɗaya waɗanda ke watsa ta hanyar haɗin yanzu;
- Fasalolin gyare-gyaren kuskure waɗanda ke rage jinkiri saboda sake watsa fakitin da suka ɓace. Amfani da lambobin gyara kuskure na musamman a matakin fakiti don rage yanayin da ke buƙatar sake watsa bayanan fakitin da suka ɓace.
- Ƙididdigar toshe iyakokin ƙididdiga suna daidaitawa tare da iyakokin fakitin QUIC, wanda ke rage tasirin asarar fakiti akan ƙaddamar da abubuwan da ke cikin fakiti masu zuwa;
- Babu matsala tare da toshe layin TCP;
- Taimako don gano haɗin haɗin, wanda ke rage lokacin da ake ɗauka don kafa haɗin kai don abokan ciniki na hannu;
- Yiwuwar haɗa manyan hanyoyin sarrafa cunkoso na haɗin gwiwa;
- Yana amfani da dabarun tsinkayar kayan aikin kowane jagora don tabbatar da cewa an aika fakiti a farashi mafi kyau, hana su zama cunkoso da haifar da asarar fakiti;
- Mahimmin haɓakawa a cikin aiki da kayan aiki idan aka kwatanta da TCP. Don ayyukan bidiyo irin su YouTube, an nuna QUIC don rage ayyukan tsawatawa lokacin kallon bidiyo da kashi 30%.
source: budenet.ru