Lokacin daukar ma'aikatan IT, sau da yawa nakan gamu da ci gaba da 'yan takarar da suka canza masana'antar su zuwa IT bayan yin aiki na ɗan lokaci a wasu masana'antu. Dangane da ra'ayi na, akwai daga 20% zuwa 30% na irin waɗannan ƙwararrun a cikin kasuwar ƙwaƙƙwaran IT. Mutane suna samun ilimi, sau da yawa ba ma na fasaha ba - masanin tattalin arziki, akawu, lauya, HR, sa'an nan kuma, sun sami ƙwarewar aiki a cikin ƙwarewar su, sun shiga cikin IT. Wasu sun kasance a cikin sana'a, amma suna canza masana'antu, yayin da wasu ke canza ba kawai masana'antu ba, har ma da sana'a.
Na yanke shawarar yin wani bincike. Ina sha'awar dalilai da dalilai na ƙaura zuwa IT daga wasu masana'antu. Har ila yau, manyan matsalolin da suka taso a lokacin irin wannan canji, wane kayan aiki da tushen bayanai ke amfani da wadanda suke so su canza zuwa IT don horarwa da nazarin kansu. Na bincika mutane 12 a cikin mutum kuma mutane 128 sun kammala binciken akan layi. Tambayoyin da aka kammala sun daina zuwa kuma na taƙaita sakamakon. Binciken ya ƙunshi galibin tambayoyin da ba a buɗe ba; yana da mahimmanci a gare ni yadda waɗanda aka amsa suka bayyana kwarewarsu a cikin kalmominsu, kuma ba irin shirye-shiryen da suke son amfani da su ba.
Ольшое спасибо masu karatu da suka shiga cikin binciken. Na ji daɗi da cikakkun labaran ku na gaskiya.
A ƙasa na gabatar da sakamakon binciken.
Mutane 140 ne suka halarci binciken.
Rukunin masu sauraro:
Mata - 22%.
Maza - 78%.
Dangane da sakamakon binciken, ƙwararrun IT masu zuwa sun fi shahara tsakanin ƙwararrun masana waɗanda suka canza fagen ayyukansu zuwa IT:
Masu haɓakawa (ba su nuna ƙwarewar su ba) - 50%
Masu haɓaka gaba - 9%
Masu haɓaka baya - 9%
HR - 6%
Manajojin ayyuka - 6%
QA - 6%
Manazarta tsarin kasuwanci - 6%
Ma'aikatan tsarin - 5%
Tallafin fasaha - 2%
Talla - 1%
Shahararrun sana’o’in da mata ke shiga su ne:
HR - 35%
Masu haɓakawa (duk ƙwararrun haɗe) - 35%
Manajojin ayyuka - 10%
Manazarta tsarin kasuwanci - 10%
QA - 10%
Shahararrun sana'o'in da maza ke shiga:
Masu haɓakawa (ba tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙwarewa ba) - 48%
Masu haɓaka gaba - 11%
Masu haɓaka baya - 11%
Manajojin ayyuka - 8%
Ma'aikatan tsarin - 8%
Manazarta tsarin kasuwanci - 5%
QA - 5%
Tallafin fasaha - 3%
Talla - 1%
Masana'antu waɗanda masu amsa suka bar:
Samar da ayyuka (ciki har da abinci) - 10%
Koyarwa (makarantu, jami'o'i) - 10%
Injiniyan Injiniya ( Injiniyoyin ƙira) - 9%
B2B tallace-tallace - 9%
Kudi da lissafi - 9%
Kasuwanci - 8%
Gina - 8%
Masana'antar wutar lantarki - 6%
Dabaru da sufuri - 6%
Kayan lantarki da injiniyan rediyo (injiniyoyi) - 5%
Magunguna - 5%
Production (masu aiki, injina) - 5%
Aikin Jarida, PR, tallace-tallace - 5%
Sauran (kimiyya - physics, chemistry, psychology) - 5%
Shin canzawa zuwa IT yanke shawara ce mai ma'ana?
Ga yawancin masu amsawa, canji zuwa IT yana da ma'ana kuma abin sha'awa (kimanin 85%). Sun yi ƙoƙarin samun ilimin da ya ɓace. Ƙananan ɓangaren su sun canza masana'antu yayin da suka kasance a cikin sana'a (HR, masu gudanar da ayyuka). Sauran 15% sun ƙare a cikin IT ta hanyar haɗari, ba tare da nuna sha'awar ba. Mun yanke shawarar gwada hannunmu a sabuwar masana'antu. Wasu ma sun cimma mafarkin kuruciya bayan sun sami ilimin IT wanda ba na IT ba bisa nacewar dangi.
Me ya ja hankalin ku zuwa IT?
Dalilan da aka fi ambata su ne:
- Yiwuwar yin aiki daga nesa kuma zaɓi wurin zama.
- Shiga cikin ci gaba da haɓakawa.
- Ina so in shiga cikin ƙirƙirar sabon abu (ayyukan ƙirƙira).
- Ayyuka masu ban sha'awa, buƙatar koyo da haɓaka koyaushe.
- Kewaye da masu hankali, masu kirkira.
- Sanannen, babban kwarin gwiwa ga ma'aikatan IT don yin aiki idan aka kwatanta da samarwa.
- Gane kai. Ci gaban mutum. Halitta. Ina so in yi aiki mai ban sha'awa tare da fa'idodin bayyane da sakamako, kuma ba tura kayan da ba dole ba.
- Babban buƙatun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, guraben guraben aiki da yawa, amincewa a gaba, buƙatu, da buƙatu.
- Kyakkyawan yanayin aiki idan aka kwatanta da sauran masana'antu.
- Ƙarin hanyoyin zamani don gudanarwa, mutunta juna.
- Dama don haɓaka albashi. Mafi girman rufin albashi idan aka kwatanta da sauran masana'antu.
- Ina son yin aikin hankali (a cikin kimiyya), amma akwai kuɗi kaɗan da tsarin mulki, ayyukan da aka saita ba su da mahimmanci musamman.
- Sakamakon aikinku yana da sauƙin gani da nunawa ga sauran mutane.
- Akwai ƙaramin birokraɗiyya da ingantaccen alakar dimokraɗiyya a cikin ƙungiyar; babu tsayayyen matsayi.
- Damar inganta Turancin ku a cikin sadarwar yau da kullun.
- Albashi a farkon ya fi, misali, na ma'aikatan jihar - malamai da likitoci.
- Mutanen IT suna da ban sha'awa, masu ilimi, bambance-bambance, mutane masu kirkira, masu fara'a da fara'a. Abin farin ciki ne yin aiki da mutane irin wannan.
Kusan 25% na masu amsa sun nuna ƙarin albashi, kuma 15% sun nuna adadin guraben aiki da sauri da sauƙi.
Shin burin ku ya cika?
63% sun amsa cewa duk tsammaninsu da ra'ayoyinsu game da masana'antar sun cika.
12% sun amsa cewa aiki a cikin IT ya wuce tsammanin su kuma sun yi farin ciki gaba ɗaya.
22% sun ce har yanzu ba a cika tsammaninsu ba.
3% sun ce abin da suke tsammani bai cika ba.
Wani mai amsa ya amsa cewa ya yi nadama da aiki a IT, tun da lafiyarsa (hangen nesa, tsarin musculoskeletal) ya tabarbare yayin aikinsa kuma yana so ya koma wani fannin aiki.
Damuwa da muhawara game da ƙaura zuwa IT?
An gano manyan abubuwan da ke damun su kamar:
- Ilimin da ba na asali ba
- Rashin ilimin masana'antu da tsoron kallon wawa da rashin iyawa.
- Tsoron buƙatar sarrafa sabbin bayanai masu yawa.
- Rashin tabbas game da matakin Ingilishi na, ko zan iya fahimtar komai daidai da sadarwa a matakin da ake bukata.
- Zai yi wuya a sami aikin ku na farko.
- Menene zan yi idan "ba zan iya cire shi ba"?
- Na ruɗe da babban adadin bayanai masu karo da juna - wasu yabo kuma suna cewa duk abin da ke cikin IT yana da ban mamaki, yayin da wasu ke da'awar cewa wannan aikin na masu hazaka ne kuma kowa da kowa a can ba dade ko ba dade yana ƙonewa kuma ya kasance cikin baƙin ciki.
- Mutane suna koyon wannan a jami'a, amma a ina zan fara?
- Faɗuwar kuɗin shiga da farko kuma babu wanda ya san tsawon lokacin da wannan zai ɗorewa.
- Tsoron kada a hana su aikin yi saboda tsufa da kuma rashin kwarewa ta musamman.
- Tsoron kunyata kanku a hira saboda rashin kwarewa.
- Tsoron rashin wucewa lokacin gwaji kuma a bar shi ba tare da aiki ba da kwanciyar hankali.
- Jita-jita game da "mai guba" na abokan aiki.
- Yana da ban tsoro don barin sana'a da masana'antu wanda na sadaukar da fiye da shekaru 7-10, wanda na sami kwarewa da wani nau'i na matsayi.
- A matsayin ma'auni ga ƙarin albashi, galibi ana amfani da tsarin launin toka (ba cikakken albashi na hukuma ba ko kwangila tare da ɗan kasuwa ɗaya).
Kusan kashi 20 cikin XNUMX na masu amsa sun ruwaito cewa sun fahimci cewa za a rage musu kudaden shiga har abada kuma hakan ya tsoratar da su, amma sun dauki kasada. Daga abin da na kammala (watakila wannan wata sanarwa ce mai rikitarwa) cewa wani muhimmin ɓangare na wadanda "tunani" game da shiga cikin IT ba su yanke shawara ba saboda rashin iya rayuwa na dogon lokaci tare da rashin samun kudin shiga fiye da yadda ake amfani da su.
Kusan 30% sun ji tsoron cewa "ba za su iya rike" sabuwar sana'a ba ko kuma samun sabon ilimi.
20% sun ba da rahoton jin damuwa sosai kafin hirarsu ta farko.
15% sun yi shakkar cewa za su iya samun aiki ba tare da gogewa ba kuma a lokacin da suka tsufa.
Babban matsalolin da suka taso dangane da sabon aikin?
Anan ne mafi mashahuri zaɓuɓɓuka:
- Wahala da shakku wajen zabar alkiblar ci gaba - wanne yaren shirye-shirye da tari ne ya fi bayar da kwarin gwiwa, me ya kamata a kashe kokari a farko?
- Ya zama dole don koyo da sauri da kuma kula da babban adadin sabbin bayanai - ra'ayoyi da kalmomi, sauran hanyoyin aiki.
- Domin in mallaki bayanai da yawa a cikin ɗan lokaci kaɗan, na haɗa ƙwarewar sabuwar sana'a tare da aiki, kuma koyaushe ina ba da fifiko sosai.
- An bukaci horon kai.
- Ya kasance da wuya a fara farawa, Ina jin cewa ban fahimci komai ba, ina so in bar komai.
- Yana da matukar wahala saboda rashin sanin Ingilishi.
- Koyi da kanka, ba tare da mai ba da shawara wanda zai bayyana komai ba.
- Rashin ilimin asali, algorithms da abin da aka koya wa dalibai a jami'a tsawon shekaru 4.
- Tsoro kuma har yanzu yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi, ba shi yiwuwa a yi hasashen lokacin da zai ɗauki don magance matsaloli da yawa.
- Canjin al'adun kamfanoni da salon gudanarwa. Maimakon mulkin kama-karya, akwai cikakkiyar dimokuradiyya, amma babu wanda ya soke alhakin.
- Na daɗe, dangina ba su fahimci dalilin da ya sa na bar aikina ba, amma da na fara samun kuɗi fiye da dā, sun fahimta.
- Aiki mai tsanani da ba a saba gani ba.
- Daidaitawa a cikin kamfani da dangantaka tare da ƙwararrun abokan aiki.
- Imposter Syndrome.
- Da farko yana da wahala a zauna tare da raguwar kudin shiga.
- Yawan zagi.
- Sabbin kayan aikin da dole ne a koya daga karce.
- Tsarin ƙira yana da matukar wahala ga masu shirya shirye-shiryen novice (ba a bayyana dalilin da yasa aka yi duk wannan ba, amma suna tambaya a cikin tambayoyi).
- Rashin amincewa daga bangaren ma'aikata kuma, a sakamakon haka, matsalolin neman aikin farko a IT.
Kusan kashi 10% na masu amsa sun ambaci cutar rashin ƙarfi. Ban tabbata ba duk sun fahimci wannan kalmar ta hanya ɗaya. Fahimtar da aka yarda da ita ita ce, mutum baya kimanta nasarorin da ya samu kuma, ko da lokacin da ya sami wani abu ta hanyar aikinsa, yana tunanin cewa ya yi sa'a kawai.
Wane bayani aka yi amfani da shi don shawo kan waɗannan matsalolin?
60% na masu amsa sun gwada darussan kan layi kyauta.
34% na masu amsa sun sayi darussan kan layi. A lokaci guda, duk sun gwada darussan kan layi kyauta. Yawancinsu sun lura cewa bayanan da ke cikin kwasa-kwasan da aka biya ba keɓaɓɓu ba ne kuma ana iya samun su a cikin darussan kyauta. Amma a lokaci guda, kwasa-kwasan da ake biyan kuɗi galibi sun fi cikakke kuma mafi tsari da tsari. A ra'ayinsu, kwas ɗin da aka biya yana taimakawa wajen ɗaukar bayanai da sauri.
Wasu sun lura cewa ci gaba a cikin kwas ɗin kan layi da yuwuwar kammala shi ya fi girma ga kwasa-kwasan da aka biya (Na biya, wanda ke nufin dole ne in kammala karatun har zuwa ƙarshe).
Kashi 6% na masu amsa sun ce sun halarci darussan horo na gajeren lokaci (watanni 1-6) na layi tare da halartar malami, halartar laccoci da azuzuwan aiki.
Babban tushen bayanan da kowa ke amfani da shi shine labarai a Intanet da bincike. Google ya mamaye matsayin injin bincike. Fiye da kashi 50% na masu amsa sun ambace shi ta wata hanya ko wata. Babu wanda ya ambaci Yandex a matsayin injin bincike.
Don nazarin kai, masu amsa sun fi amfani da albarkatun hanyar sadarwa masu zuwa:
- Netology
- Habr
- ru.hexlet.io
- Mainit.com
- htmlacademy.ru
- javarush.ru
- YouTube
- Coursera (musamman darussa daga Mail.ru)
- data.stepik.org
- koyi.javascript.ru
35% na masu amsa sun ce da farko, duk da kunya da rashin tabbas, sun tambayi abokan aikin su taimako. Kasa da 10% na waɗanda aka bincika sun lura cewa abokan aikinsu sun taimaka musu ba tare da ƙwazo ba. Kuma sauran sun tabbata cewa taimaka wa masu farawa ba nauyi ba ne ga abokan aikinsu da suka fi ƙwararru.
Kuna fi son abun ciki na bidiyo ko labarai/littattafai don nazarin kai?
Kusan kashi 42 cikin XNUMX na masu amsa sun fi son karanta labarai da littattafai, lura da cewa labaran sun ƙunshi ƙarin bayanai na zamani, amma tare da taimakon littattafai an sami ilimin asali mafi kyau.
14% sun fi son kallo da sauraron kayan bidiyo da kwasfan fayiloli.
Ragowar kashi 44% - ƙungiyar mafi girma - suna fahimtar abun ciki na gani da sauti da kyau.
Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, na zana ƙarshe mai zuwa (wataƙila mai rikitarwa) - a tsakanin ƙwararrun IT, mutanen da ke da ƙarin fa'ida na hangen nesa na dijital sun mamaye. Waɗannan su ne waɗanda suka fi fahimtar hujjar ma'ana da aka bayyana a cikin rubutu da sigar hoto.
Hali ga abun ciki da aka biya
Yawancin masu amsa sun ce kwasa-kwasan da aka biya sun fi amfani, amma ba za a iya cewa ana samun hakan ta hanyar ingantaccen abun ciki mai inganci ba. Fiye da sau daya an yi tsokaci cewa an kammala kwas din gaba daya har zuwa karshe saboda an biya shi.
Ba zai yiwu a ƙididdige matsakaicin matsakaicin kuɗin tushen bayanin da aka biya daidai ba. A zahiri, ga alama a gare ni cewa wannan ƙimar tana da kusan 30-40 tr. ($ 500). Matsakaicin farashin da aka ambata ta masu amsa sun kasance daga 300 rubles. har zuwa 100 rub.
6% na masu amsa sun sayi littattafai (6% kawai!). Wannan sakamakon ya ba ni mamaki. 42% sun fi son karantawa, amma 6% kawai sun sayi littattafai! A bayyane yake, satar fasaha a wannan yanki na kara habaka.
Idan kuna aiki a IT, da fatan za a kada kuri'a a zabe mai zuwa:
Masu amfani da rajista kawai za su iya shiga cikin binciken. don Allah.
Ina aiki da ƙungiyar da:
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41,0%Yana haɓakawa da siyar da samfuran software na kansa (ci gaban samfur)75
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12,6%Haɓaka da sayar da kayan aiki da software da tsarin hardware (ci gaban samfur)23
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18,6%Yana haɓaka software da hardware don yin oda (fitarwa)34
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0,6%Yana sayar da software da hardware daga wasu masana'anta (mai rarrabawa)1
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6,0%Yana ƙirƙira hadaddun mafita dangane da software da hardware daga wasu masana'antun (mai haɗawa)11
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1,1%Yana koyarwa (cibiyoyin ilimi, kwasa-kwasai, makarantu)2
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5,5%Kulawa ko samar da kayan aikin IT a matsayin ɗan kwangila10
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7,6%Ba shi da alaƙa kai tsaye da IT, Ina shiga cikin aiki da kai14
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7,1%Ba shi da alaƙa kai tsaye da IT, Ina da hannu wajen kiyaye kayan aikin IT13
Masu amfani 183 sun kada kuri'a. Masu amfani 32 sun ƙi.
source: www.habr.com