I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua puka mai kahi loea hou, ʻo DevOps engineer, ma IT. Ua lilo koke ia i mea kaulana loa a i koi ʻia ma ka mākeke. Akā eia ka paradox - ʻo ka hapa o ka kaulana o DevOps i wehewehe ʻia e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā hui e hoʻolimalima i kēlā mau loea e huikau pinepine iā lākou me nā ʻelele o nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
Hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻatikala i kahi loiloi o nā nuances o ka ʻoihana DevOps, ke kūlana o kēia manawa i ka mākeke a me nā manaʻo. Ua noʻonoʻo mākou i kēia pilikia paʻakikī me ke kōkua o ke dean ma ke kulanui pūnaewele GeekUniversity na Dmitry Burkovsky.
No laila he aha ka DevOps?
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo ponoʻī ke kū nei no ka Development Operations. ʻAʻole kēia he mea kūikawā e like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hana ma kahi ʻoihana a i ʻole ʻoihana nui i ka wā e hoʻomākaukau ai i kahi huahana a lawelawe paha. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua komo nā keʻena like ʻole o ka hui like i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, a ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia kā lākou mau hana.
No laila, ʻo nā mea hoʻomohala, no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole ʻike mau i nā pilikia o nā mea hoʻohana i ka wā e hana ai me ka papahana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a lawelawe paha. ʻIke maopopo ke kākoʻo ʻenehana i nā mea āpau, akā ʻaʻole paha lākou i ʻike i ka mea "i loko" o ka polokalamu. A eia kahi ʻenekini DevOps e hele mai e hoʻopakele, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomohala, hoʻolaha i ka automation kaʻina hana, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kā lākou ʻike.
Hoʻohui ka manaʻo o DevOps i nā kānaka, nā kaʻina hana a me nā mea hana.
He aha ka mea e ʻike ai a hiki i kahi ʻenekini DevOps ke hana?
Wahi a kekahi o nā mea kaulana loa o ka manaʻo DevOps, ʻo Joe Sanchez, he ʻelele o ka ʻoihana pono e ʻike maikaʻi i nā nuances o ka manaʻo ponoʻī, loaʻa ka ʻike i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana Windows a me Linux, hoʻomaopopo i ka code program i kākau ʻia ma nā ʻano like ʻole. nā ʻōlelo, a hana ma Chef, Puppet, a me Ansible. Akaka no ka parse code pono ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻōlelo papahana, ʻaʻole ʻike wale nō, akā loaʻa pū kekahi ʻike hoʻomohala. Makemake nui ʻia ka ʻike i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā huahana lako polokalamu a me nā lawelawe.
Akā maikaʻi kēia; ʻaʻole kēlā me kēia ʻelele o ke kahua IT i kēia pae o ka ʻike a me ka ʻike. Eia kahi hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻike liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻike e pono ai no DevOps maikaʻi:
- OS GNU/Linux, Windows.
- Ma ka liʻiliʻi o 1 ʻōlelo hoʻolālā (Python, Go, Ruby).
- ʻO ka ʻōlelo kākau ʻōlelo shell he bash no Linux a me ka powershell no Windows.
- Pūnaehana mana mana - Git.
- Nā ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho (Ansible, Puppet, Chef).
- ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi kahua hoʻokani pahu (Kubernetes, Docker Swarm, Apache Mesos, Amazon EC2 Container Service, Microsoft Azure Container Service).
- Hiki ke hana me nā mea hoʻolako kapua (e laʻana: AWS, GCP, Azure, etc.) me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Terraform, ʻike pehea e kau ʻia ai kahi noi i ke ao.
- Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi pipeline CI / CD (Jenkins, GitLab), ELK stack, nā ʻōnaehana nānā (Zabbix, Prometheus).
A eia kahi papa inoa o nā mākau i hōʻike pinepine ʻia e nā loea DevOps ma Habr Career.
Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻomaopopo kahi loea DevOps i nā pono a me nā koi o ka ʻoihana, e ʻike i kāna kuleana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomohala a hiki iā ia ke kūkulu i kahi kaʻina e noʻonoʻo ana i nā pono o ka mea kūʻai.
Pehea e pili ana i ka paepae komo?
ʻAʻole no ka mea ʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka papa inoa o ka ʻike a me ka ʻike ma luna. I kēia manawa ua maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka mea hiki ke lilo i loea DevOps. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ke ala maʻalahi loa e hoʻololi ai i kēia ʻoihana no nā ʻelele o nā ʻoihana IT ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka luna o nā ʻōnaehana a me nā mea hoʻomohala. Hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke hoʻonui koke i ka nui o ka ʻike a me ka ʻike. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hapalua o ka hoʻonohonoho pono, a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka hapalua.
Hana pū nā mea hōʻike i nā ʻenekini DevOps maikaʻi loa. ʻIke lākou i ka hana a me ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana, ʻike lākou i nā hemahema a me nā hemahema o ka polokalamu a me ka lako. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he mea hōʻike ʻike i nā ʻōlelo papahana a ʻike i ke kākau ʻana i nā papahana ʻo DevOps me ka ʻole ʻelima mau minuke.
Akā he mea paʻakikī ia no ka ʻelele o kahi ʻoihana loea ʻole i hana ʻole i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻokele ʻōnaehana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mea hiki ʻole, akā pono nā mea hoʻomaka e loiloi pono i ko lākou ikaika. He nui ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka "ʻeke" i makemake ʻia.
Ma hea e loaʻa ai iā DevOps kahi hana?
I kahi hui nui i pili pololei a pili ʻole paha kāna hana i ka hoʻomohala noiʻi a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā lako. ʻO ka hapa nui loa o nā ʻenekini DevOps aia i nā ʻoihana e hāʻawi i ka nui o nā lawelawe e hoʻopau i nā mea kūʻai. ʻO kēia nā panakō, nā mea lawelawe kelepona, nā mea hoʻolako pūnaewele nui, etc. Ma waena o nā hui e hoʻolimalima ikaika nei i nā ʻenekini DevOps ʻo Google, Facebook, Amazon, a me Adobe.
Ke hoʻokō nei nā hoʻomaka me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi i DevOps, akā no ka nui o kēia mau ʻoihana, ke kono ʻana i nā ʻenekini DevOps ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka pono maoli. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia nā ʻokoʻa, akā ʻaʻole nui o lākou. Pono nā hui liʻiliʻi, "he Swiss, kahi mea ʻokiʻoki, a me kahi mea hoʻokani pila," ʻo ia hoʻi, he kanaka hiki ke hana ma nā wahi he nui. Hiki i kahi keʻena lawelawe maikaʻi ke mālama i kēia mau mea a pau. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he mea nui ka wikiwiki o ka hana no nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi; ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kaʻina hana he mea koʻikoʻi no nā ʻoihana waena a me nā ʻoihana nui.
Eia kekahi mau hakahaka (hiki iā ʻoe ke hahai i nā mea hou ma Habr Career ma ):
Uku uku DevOps ma Rusia a me ka honua
Ma Rūsia, ʻo ka uku maʻamau o kahi ʻenekini DevOps ma kahi o 132 tausani rubles i kēlā me kēia mahina. ʻO kēia ka helu ʻana o ka helu helu uku o ka lawelawe Habr Career, i hana ʻia ma ke kumu o 170 mau nīnau nīnau no ka hapa 2nd o 2020. ʻAe, ʻaʻole nui ka laʻana, akā kūpono loa ia ma ke ʻano he "wela wela ma ka haukapila."
Aia nā uku i ka nui o 250 tausani rubles, aia ma kahi o 80 tausani a haʻahaʻa iki. Aia nā mea a pau i ka hui, nā kūpono a me ka loea pono'ī, ʻoiaʻiʻo.
No nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻia nā helu uku. Ua hana maikaʻi nā loea ʻo Stack Overflow, ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao o kahi o 90 tausani mau kānaka - ʻaʻole wale ʻo DevOps, akā ʻo nā ʻelele o nā loea loea ma ka laulā. Ua loaʻa i ka Luna Hoʻokele ʻenehana a me DevOps ka nui loa.
Loaʻa i kahi ʻenekini DevOps ma kahi o $ 71 tausani i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Wahi a ka punawai Ziprecruiter.com, ʻo ka uku o ka mea ʻoihana ma kēia kahua mai $86 tausani i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻAe, ke hōʻike nei ka lawelawe Payscale.com i kekahi mau helu e ʻoluʻolu loa i ka maka - ʻo ka uku maʻamau o kahi loea DevOps, e like me ka lawelawe, ʻoi aku ma mua o $ 91 tausani. A ʻo kēia ka uku o kahi loea ʻōpio, ʻoiai hiki i kahi mea kiʻekiʻe. loaa $135 tausani.
Ma ke ʻano he hopena, pono e ʻōlelo e ulu mālie ka noi no DevOps; ʻoi aku ka nui o ka noi no nā loea o kēlā me kēia pae i ka lako. No laila inā makemake ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe iho ma kēia wahi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono kākou e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole lawa ka makemake wale. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomohala mau, aʻo a hana.
Source: www.habr.com