komo
Ke hele mālie nei ʻo 2019 akā hiki i kāna hopena kūpono. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻoihana IT e hoʻomohala ikaika, e hauʻoli iā mākou me ka nui o nā ʻenehana hou a, i ka manawa like, hoʻopiha i kā mākou huaʻōlelo me nā wehewehe hou: Big Data, AI, Machine Learning (ML), IoT, 5G, etc. , Kūkākūkā ʻia ʻo Site Reliability Engineering i ka manawa pinepine (SRE), DevOps, microservices a me ka computing cloud.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻenehana, no ka laʻana, Blockchain a me nā cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), me he mea lā ua hala mua i ka piko o ko lākou kaulana (hype), no laila ua loaʻa i ka lehulehu ka manawa e nānā pono iā lākou, e ʻike ana i kā lākou. maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole, a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kahi a pehea e hoʻohana ai. Hiki ke loaʻa ka nānā kaulike i ke kumuhana o Blockchain a me nā kālā crypto. Manaʻo nui wau e nānā iā ia.
Ke ulu nei nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe i ka kaulana, e hoʻokumu ana i nā kaiāulu ikaika a puni lākou, ʻaʻole wale nā mea kākoʻo a me nā mea hoʻopili, akā he mau hoa paio hoʻi.
Ke hele nei nā mea a pau i DevOps?
ʻO DevOps, kahi ala hou i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka polokalamu a me ka hana, e loaʻa iaʻu kahi ʻōlelo kūikawā mai iaʻu i kēia lā, no ka mea ... Ua nui maoli nā ʻatikala a me nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i kēia kumuhana i kēia makahiki.
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo DevOps i kēia lā ua unuhi ākea. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi poʻe iā DevOps ma ke ʻano he ala kūikawā i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka polokalamu a me ka hana ʻana, ke komo nā poʻe hiki ke hana i ka coding liʻiliʻi a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka hana. No nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo kēia, ʻo ka mea mua, ke kū ʻana o kā lākou ʻōnaehana pilikino ponoʻī ma ka hui, ka mea e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻomaha i nā mea hoʻomohala polokalamu i kahi hapa o ka ukana kumu ʻole ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana, e hana ana i nā wahi hoʻāʻo. , hoʻokō i ka hoʻohui ʻana me nā lawelawe kūloko a me waho, a me ke kākau ʻana i nā palapala automation. No nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, he pūʻulu wale nō ia o nā ʻenehana a me nā mea hana pono e hoʻohana ʻia e noho mau ʻōpio a kūleʻa. No ka hā, ʻo ia ka CICD a me nā mea a pau e pili ana me ia. Nui maoli nā wehewehe ʻana o DevOps, no laila hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa kūʻokoʻa i loko o lākou ka mea a lākou e makemake ai.
Hāʻawi nā wehewehe like ʻole o DevOps i nā kūkākūkā wela, e alakaʻi ana i ke ʻano o nā ʻatikala hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia kumuhana. Ua mālama au i kekahi o lākou i kaʻu mau bookmark:
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Inā heluhelu ʻoe i nā ʻatikala e hoʻomaikaʻi ana iā DevOps, e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka manaʻo e hoʻololi wale kekahi ʻenekinia luna ʻōnaehana i kona kūlana i kēia manawa ma kāna ʻaoʻao LinkedIN mai ka ʻenekini hoʻokele i DevOps, a hoʻomaka koke ʻo ia e loaʻa i nā kono no nā nīnauele mai HR mai ka nui a ʻO nā hui kūleʻa , ka mea e hoʻohiki i ka uku 2 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mea i kēia manawa, e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi Macbook hou, kahi hoverboard, a ʻaʻole e poina e pili ana i ke kau inoa no ka manuahi vape refills a me ka nui o ka smoothies. Ma keʻano laulā, e hele mai kahi paradaiso IT.
Inā heluhelu ʻoe i nā ʻatikala e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pono o DevOps, hoʻomaka ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi manaʻo ʻē aʻe he ʻano kauā hou ʻo DevOps, kahi e helu ai nā kānaka i ka pae like me nā mea hoʻomohala, kōkua iā lākou e hoʻoponopono i nā pōpoki, hana me ka automation a me CICD, e hoʻolālā iā Jira me Wiki, wili i nā ao, e hōʻiliʻili i nā ipu a hoʻokele iā lākou, ʻoiai e hana ana i ka hana hoʻokele, me ka poina ʻole e pili ana i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā pahu pahu, crimping i nā kaula wili a me ka wai ʻana i nā pua keʻena.
Akā, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, aia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma kahi o ka waena, no laila i kēia lā e hoʻāʻo mākou e noʻonoʻo iki.
ʻAʻole pono nā luna hoʻomalu?
Ma ke ʻano he luna ʻōnaehana a me ka ʻenekinia e hana pū ana me nā huahana Microsoft a me VMware no ka manawa lōʻihi, ua hoʻomaka wau e ʻike i nā makahiki i hala aku nei aia nā kamaʻilio manawa e hoʻohana ʻole ʻia nā luna hoʻonohonoho i kekahi, no ka mea:
- Ke hoʻololi nei ka ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa a lilo i IaaC (Infrastructure as a code). I kēia manawa ʻaʻohe GUI me nā pihi, akā ʻo PowerShell wale nō, nā faila yaml, configs, etc. Inā haki kekahi lawelawe a i ʻole kona ʻāpana, a laila ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻoponopono hou, no ka mea... e hoʻouka koke i kope hou o ia mea mai ke kūlana hana hope loa.
- E neʻe koke ana ka ʻōnaehana IT holoʻokoʻa i nā ao, a ma ka ʻāina (ma ka hale) aia wale nō nā uwea pūnaewele i ke alalai kokoke loa, e hoʻopili iā mākou me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe a pau i loko o ke ao. ʻAe, ʻo ka hapa nui, e noho ka mea paʻi ma ka ʻāina i hiki i nā kaikamahine mai ka ʻoihana helu helu ke paʻi i nā kiʻi o nā pōpoki mai ka Pūnaewele ma luna. Pono nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke ao.
- E hele mai ʻo DevOps gurus a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā mea āpau a puni lākou, no laila e hoʻomanaʻo wale nā admins me ka pumehana i ko lākou ʻuhane pehea i ka wā kahiko i holo ai lākou i nā pings a me nā traces e ʻike i nā pilikia kumu ma ka pūnaewele a ma nā kikowaena.
- Ua lohe nō hoʻi au e pili ana i kahi hanana e like me "Vendekapets", akā ua lōʻihi loa ia, i ka wanaʻao o kaʻu ʻoihana, i koʻu hoʻomaka ʻana e hana i kaʻu mau hana mua i ka hoʻokele ʻōnaehana. Akā no kekahi kumu, ʻaʻole i hiki mai "Vendekapets", e like me ka hopena o ka honua e like me ka kalena Mayan. ʻAkahi? Mai noʻonoʻo. 🙂
E hoʻohana ʻole paha nā luna ʻōnaehana Windows, e hana pū ana me nā huahana Microsoft i kēia lā? A i ʻole e loaʻa paha kahi pono iā lākou? E hoʻomau anei nā luna hoʻomalu o Windows i ko lākou kūlana ma ke ʻano he luna hoʻomalu a me nā ʻenekinia, a i ʻole e hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou i ka hana o ka hana haʻahaʻa ala anykey (hāʻawi, hāʻawi, lawe mai)?
Ma ʻaneʻi ma habr.com i ka "System Administration" hub ʻike mākou i nā ʻōlelo wale nō o kubernetes, linux, devops, docker, open source, zabbix. ʻAuhea nā huaʻōlelo a mākou i aloha nui ai: Windows, Active Directory, Exchange, System Center, Terminal, Print Servers, File Servers, bat a vbs scripts, a i ʻole powershell. Aia i hea kēia mau mea?
No laila aia ke ola ma hope o Windows a i ʻole e hāʻawi nā luna ʻōnaehana Windows a me nā ʻenekinia i nā mea āpau e aʻo ai i Linux, docker, kubernetes, ansible, python a hele i DevOps?
Malia paha ua maikaʻi nā mea āpau me Windows, aia wale nō i kēia manawa he hype pōkole o ka Linux + docker + kubernetes + ansible + python hui pū ʻana, ka mea i uhi i kā mākou Windows aloha? He aha ka mea e pono ai ka luna ʻōnaehana Windows e hana i 2020 e koi ʻia i ka mākeke hana?
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā nīnau ma mua o nā pane, no laila e hoʻāʻo ka ʻatikala o kēia manawa e kōkua iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo iki i nā mea āpau. Hoʻolaʻa mua ʻia ka ʻatikala i nā luna hoʻomalu a me nā ʻenekini Windows, akā maopopo iaʻu he mea hoihoi ia i nā loea IT ʻē aʻe.
Hele ʻo Microsoft i nā ao?
ʻO ka luna Windows, ʻo ka mea mua, he mea pili iā Microsoft, no laila e kamaʻilio hou mākou e pili ana iā ia a me kāna mau huahana nani.
Loaʻa iā Microsoft kahi kōpili ākea ākea o nā ʻōnaehana polokalamu, he nui nā alakaʻi i kā lākou niches. Inā ʻoe e hana ma ke ʻano he luna hoʻomalu a me ka ʻenekinia Windows, a laila ua ʻike paha ʻoe iā lākou ma kekahi ala a i ʻole. Ma lalo wau e hāʻawi i kahi wehewehe pōkole o kēlā me kēia huahana a wehewehe i nā mea hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻia i nā makahiki 3-5 e hiki mai ana. ʻAʻole kēia he mea huna huna mai ke keʻena nui ma Redmond, akā ʻo koʻu manaʻo pilikino, no laila ua paipai ikaika ʻia nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe i nā ʻōlelo.
Nā mea hoʻonoho kūloko (ma ka hale)
ʻO Microsoft Exchange Server - kahi kikowaena leka uila multifunctional e komo pū me ka hana ʻana me ka leka uila, akā pū kekahi me nā pilina, kalena, nā hana a me nā mea hou aku. ʻO Exchange Server kekahi o nā huahana hae nui a Microsoft, a ua lilo ia i mea maʻamau ʻoihana de facto i nā hui he nui. Loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻohui pili ʻana ʻaʻole wale me nā huahana Microsoft ponoʻī, akā me nā hoʻonā mai nā mea kūʻai aku ʻekolu. Kaulana ʻia ʻo Exchange ma waena o ka nui (mai 100 poʻe) a me nā hui nui.
I kēia manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Exchange Server 2019 i ka mana o kēia manawa. Ma mua, ua ulu ikaika ka huahana, akā e hoʻomaka ana me ka mana o Exchange 2013, ua lohi nui kēia hoʻomohala ʻana, no laila hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Exchange 2016 Service Pack 1. (SP1) no Exchange 2013, a me Exchange 2019 - no laila Service Pack 2 (SP2) no Exchange 2013. ʻO ka hopena o ka mana hou ma ka hale (Exchange 2022) ke nīnau mau nei.
I kēia manawa, hoʻolaha ikaika ʻo Microsoft iā Exchange Online ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka lawelawe kapuaʻi Office 365, no laila e ʻike mua ʻia nā hana hou a pau ma laila. ʻAʻole wale ʻo Exchange Online ka mea mua e loaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona hou, akā e loaʻa nō hoʻi ia i nā mana hou aʻe ʻaʻole e hoʻoneʻe ʻia i nā hoʻonohonoho ma ka hale i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hana ʻia kēia i mea e wikiwiki ai ka hoʻololi ʻana o kekahi mau hui i ke ao, no ka mea... ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kālā no Microsoft ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i hoʻokahi manawa.
Inā ʻoe e mālama nei i kahi hoʻonohonoho kūloko o Exchange Server (2013 - 2019), hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka hana no nā makahiki 3-5 e hiki mai ana. Ma ke ala, pono e hoʻomaka e ʻimi i nā manawa kūpono e hāʻawi ai ʻo Exchange Online; a ʻo nā hoʻonohonoho hybrid ka wā e noho like ai nā mana kūloko a me ke ao. ʻOiai inā manaʻo mākou ʻaʻole e loaʻa hou kahi mana hou o Exchange, ʻo ka ʻike i loaʻa i kēia manawa e pili ana i ka Exchange Server e hoʻomau ʻia no kekahi manawa e hiki mai ana no nā kumu he nui:
- Nui ka nui o nā hoʻonohonoho kūloko i kēia manawa, no laila pono nā luna hoʻokele kūpono e kākoʻo iā lākou. ʻAʻole hiki i nā hui āpau ke hoʻoneʻe i kā lākou leka uila i ke ao i ka wā e hiki mai ana no kekahi kumu a i ʻole.
- ʻAʻole i maʻalahi nā papahana hoʻoneʻe kapuaʻi, no laila pono ka ʻike o nā kikoʻī o ka hale a me nā ʻoluʻolu kapua e pale aku i ka hapa nui o nā pitfalls a hoʻopau maikaʻi i ka neʻe ʻana.
- ʻO ka ʻike o ka smtpimapmapipop3, ka holo leka uila, dkim, dmark, spf, antivirus, nā protocol antispam he ākea a pili i nā ʻōnaehana leka uila.
- ʻO ka ʻike i loaʻa mai ka hana ʻana me kahi Kūkākūkā Kūkākūkā ma ka hale e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo iā Exchange Online a hoʻonohonoho i ka hoʻonohonoho makemake ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki.
- ʻO ka leka uila kekahi o nā ala koʻikoʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ka honua o waho, no laila e mau ka pono. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ka poʻe pili o "nā ʻelele a me nā bots kamaʻilio e pani i ka leka uila", no ka mea ... Ua "kunu" lākou i ka leka i nā manawa he nui a hiki i kēia manawa me ka ʻole o ka holomua.
Skype for Business (SfB) (Lync ma mua) - ʻelele hui me nā mana kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻohui pili me ka kikowaena Exchange, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa i ka mea hope i ka kaulana. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Skype for Business i nā hui nui wale nō, no ka mea... ʻAʻole makemake nui nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka mana o kēia manawa ʻo Skype for Business 2019, he liʻiliʻi nā ʻokoʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mana o Skype for Business 2016, no laila hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo SfB 2019 Service Pack 1 no SfB 2016, ʻaʻole ia he mana piha hou.
Ma ke ao 365 Office, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia huahana e ka Skype for Business Online service, a ma hope o kekahi manawa ua hoʻololi piha ʻia e Microsoft Teams, i.e. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole loaʻa ʻo Skype for Business ma ke ao 365 Office. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole pono e manaʻo i ka mana hou o Skype no Business 2022, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea nui o Microsoft ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻelele Teams, i lilo i pane a ka mea kūʻai aku i ka puka ʻana o ka ʻelele Slack kūleʻa.
Inā ʻoe e lawelawe nei i ka Skype no ka Pāʻoihana i kēia manawa a makemake ʻoe i ka manaʻo o kahi ʻelele hui, a laila ke aʻo aku nei au iā ʻoe e nānā iā Teams ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o Office 365, inā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i kahi huahana ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i kou ʻike, no ka mea Ke poina nei ka Skype no ka ʻoihana kūloko. ʻAʻole like me Exchange, ka mea i lilo i ka de facto maʻamau i ka niche server mail, Skype no Business i kēia lā he mau mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hui a me ka Slack no nā hui nui a me waena. Telegram, Viber, Whatsapp - no nā hui liʻiliʻi.
SharePoint - he puka ʻoihana kūloko kahi e hiki ai i nā hui ke kau i kā lākou lawelawe pūnaewele pono (ka papa hoʻomaha, papa inoa o nā limahana me nā kiʻi a me nā helu kelepona, nā hoʻomanaʻo lā hānau, nā nūhou ʻoihana, etc.). Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke mālama, hoʻoponopono, a kaʻana like i nā faila a lākou e waiho ai i loko o kā lākou waihona SharePoint.
Ua like ʻo SharePoint me Bitrix24, ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻoi aku ka hana, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ke kākoʻo. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona pepehi kanaka ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono i hoʻokahi palapala e ka nui o nā limahana, kahi kūpono loa i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai nā kānaka 100 e hoʻopiha i kahi papa hoʻomaha, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana me Office Online Server a me MS Office kūloko.
He huahana nui, paʻakikī a pipiʻi hoʻi ʻo Sharepoint, no laila e hoʻohana wale ʻia e nā hui nui. Hoʻohana nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi iā Bitrix24 a i ʻole kāna mau mea hoʻohālikelike, a i ʻole e mālama i nā faila ma nā kikowaena faila, a hāʻawi i nā lawelawe pūnaewele pono i nā pūnaewele kūloko like ʻole.
Mālama ʻia nā mahiʻai SharePoint (nā pūʻulu) e nā mea hoʻomohala me nā hana hoʻoponopono, ʻaʻole na nā luna ʻōnaehana "maʻemaʻe", no ka mea I mea e hoʻokuʻu ai ʻo SharePoint a pono i ka ʻoihana, pono e hoʻohui ʻia i ka nui me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke code.
Aia ka Office 365 i SharePoint Online, he mana maʻalahi o SharePoint kūloko, ʻo ia hoʻi. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā koho hana maʻamau a "kūpono ʻia e kūpono iā ʻoe," akā hoʻomaha ia i ka mea hoʻomohala a me ka luna hoʻomalu o nā poʻo he nui e pili ana i kāna hana. ʻO kēia kaʻu ʻōlelo hoʻoholo: ʻo ka paʻakikī a me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka mana o SharePoint ma luna o ka hale e hoʻopau i kā lākou ʻoihana a e hoʻomaka ana nā hui e neʻe mālie i SharePoint Online, a i ʻole e haʻalele loa iā Sharepoint no kahi hopena maʻalahi. ʻAʻole wau i ʻike i kahi ola rosy a mālama ʻole no SharePoint i nā hoʻonohonoho kūloko.
Pūnaewele Pūnaewele he ʻohana holoʻokoʻa o nā huahana no ka lawe ʻana, hoʻonohonoho, hoʻokele a nānā i nā ʻōnaehana Windows nui. ʻO ka hoʻoholoʻana e pili ana: System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM), System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM), System Center Operations Manager (SCOM), System Center Data Protection Manager (SCDPM), System Center Service Manager (SCSM), System Center Orchestrator (SCORCH). ).
ʻO ka piha piha o nā huahana System Center e makemake wale ʻia e nā hui nui, aʻo nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha huahana.
Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o nā huahana System Center e aʻo a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā ʻoihana nui wale nō, he mea maʻamau ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā poʻe kaʻawale e hana pū me lākou, no ka laʻana, kahi luna hoʻoponopono ʻōnaehana (SCOM), kahi luna hoʻomalu mālama hana (SCCM), a luna hoʻomalu ʻōnaehana virtualization (Hyper -V + SCVMM), Luna Hoʻokele Infrastructure Automation (SCORCH + SCSM).
Ke hoʻomohala wikiwiki nei ʻo Microsoft i kāna mau lawelawe kapua, no laila ke neʻe mālie nei ka hana o System Center i ke ao. He hopena koʻikoʻi kēia mau mea a pau i ka System Center ma nā huahana ma kahi kokoke loa.
Hanaʻia Pūnaehana Center Orchestrator (SCORCH) e pani ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana e ka lawelawe ʻo Azure Automation ().
Hanaʻia Luna Hoʻokele Pūnaehana Pūnaewele (SCOM) e pani i ka lawelawe Azure Monitor i ka wā e hiki mai ana ().
Hanaʻia Luna Hoʻomalu ʻIkepili Pūnaewele (SCDPM) e pani i ka lawelawe Azure Backup i ka wā e hiki mai ana ().
Hanaʻia Luna Hoʻokele Pūnaewele Pūnaewele (SCSM) e pau ka noi ʻana a i ʻole e pani ʻia e kekahi ʻōnaehana tiketi ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, Jira.
Pūnaehana Pūnaehana Manawaena Mīkini Mīkini (SCVMM) no kēia manawa e noho pū me nā hui e hoʻohana nei i ka virtualization Hyper-V. Hiki ke lawelawe maikaʻi ʻia nā hoʻonohonoho liʻiliʻi o Hyper-V (10-15 servers) me ka ʻole o SCVMM me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana maʻamau - Failover Cluster Manager, Hyper-V Manager, Windows Admin Center.
Luna Hoʻonohonoho Pūnaewele Pūnaewele (SCCM) - hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻolaha nui ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana hana, hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā noi hui mai kahi papa inoa hoʻokahi, hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea hou Windows ma nā kikowaena a me nā keʻena hana hoʻopau, ka papa helu o nā noi a me ka helu ʻana o nā laikini. Me he mea lā ʻo kēia wale nō ka huahana mai ka laina Pūnaewele Pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa e noho pū me mākou i ka ʻoihana ma ka hale, no ka mea ... ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi piha iā ia me kahi mea i hoʻokumu ʻia i ke ao.
Inā mālama ʻoe i kēia manawa i kahi hoʻokomo ʻana o System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM), hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka hana no ka mea e noho pū ka huahana me mākou no ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā makahiki 3-5 e hiki mai ana. Eia hou, makemake wau e hoʻomaka e aʻo i nā hiki o Office 365, no ka mea... e hui maikaʻi kēia me ke kūlana ʻo Enterprise Desktop Administrator.
E hoʻopau ʻia ke kuleana luna no ka hapa nui o nā huahana Pūnaewele Pūnaewele. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui nā lawelawe Azure i kā lākou hana, hūnā i nā paʻakikī āpau mai ka prying eyes. E lawe kākou i ka luna hoʻokele automation (SCORCH + SCSM) i laʻana. E pani ʻia ʻo SCORCH e Azure Automation. ʻO ka ʻike o ke kaʻina hana automation, PowerShell, SQL e noho a pono no Azure Automation, akā ʻo ka ʻike o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pūʻulu SCORCH, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ko lākou loaʻa kiʻekiʻe, ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai, ka hoʻonui ʻana, ka neʻe ʻana i nā mana hou, ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana e nalowale kona pili, no ka mea E lawe ʻia kēia mau hana a pau e ke ao Azure. E nānā wale ka luna hoʻomalu automation i ke kaʻina hana automation pono'ī, no ka mea ... ʻO nā hana a pau e mālama i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana automation e lawe ʻia mai iā ia.
Pūnaewele Windows a me kāna mau kuleana
Papa kuhikuhi Active (AD) - kahi e mālama ʻia ai nā moʻokāki mea hoʻohana a me nā kamepiula. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kamepiula ma mua o 20 o kahi hui, a laila aia paha kekahi ʻano kikowaena Active Directory. ʻO ka ʻike o Active Directory, ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kikowaena mai kahi ululāʻau, a me ka hiki ke hana pū me nā kulekele hui e koi ʻia no kēlā me kēia luna Windows. E pili ana kēia ʻike no nā makahiki ʻē aʻe 20. Eia hou, makemake wau e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho me Azure AD (AAD), e nānā ana i nā koho no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana ma waena o ka hale a me ke ao.
DNS, DHCP - nā lawelawe pūnaewele, ʻo ka ʻike e pono ai i nā wahi āpau o IT, mai ka hoʻokele a hiki i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, no laila pono ʻoe e ʻike iā lākou. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā pūnaewele, nā protocol routing, nā hiʻohiʻona OSI a me TCPIP e lilo i mea hoʻohui pono no kekahi loea IT.
Hyper-V - ka inoa no ka pūʻulu holoʻokoʻa o nā ʻenehana virtualization mai Microsoft a me kāna hypervisor. Ke ulu wikiwiki nei ia, ʻoiai i koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hiʻohiʻona hou (Shielded VM, Encrypted Subnets, Storage Spaces Direct) e kuhikuhi nui ʻia i nā mea hoʻolako kapuaʻi kūloko (Cloud Service Providers) a me ka honua (Azure), ʻaʻole i ka hui. māhele (Enterprise). Hoʻomaopopo maʻamau kēia, ʻoiai ua hoʻokō mua ʻo Microsoft a hoʻāʻo i nā hana hou i kāna ao Azure, a laila hoʻoili wale iā ia i Windows Server a me Hyper-V.
Ke pilikia mau nei ʻo Hyper-V i ka nele o kahi console manuahi e hāʻawi i nā hiʻohiʻona pono āpau. I kēia manawa ua loaʻa iā mākou Failover Cluster Manager, Hyper-V Manager, Windows Admin Center. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo SCVMM he console, akā uku ʻia a paʻakikī ke aʻo.
Inā mālama ʻoe i kahi hoʻokomo kūloko o Hyper-V me ka ʻole o SCVMM, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka hana. Ma ke ʻano like, manaʻo wau e hoʻomaka e aʻo iā Azure IaaS a me nā ʻano hana no ka neʻe ʻana i nā mīkini virtual ma waena o ke ao a me nā ʻōnaehana ma ka hale.
Ma waena o koʻu kaiapuni (nā panakō, telecoms, ʻoihana ʻinikua, nā ʻoihana ʻoihana nui), ʻo ka virtualization huahana āpau, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e mālama ʻia e VMware vSphere, ʻaʻole ʻo Hyper-V me SCVMM, no laila hiki iaʻu ke ʻōlelo aku e nānā pū ka luna hoʻomalu Hyper-V. e pili ana iā VMware a me kāna mau huahana.
Nā lawelawe ʻōpua
365 Office He lawelawe ao ia e hoʻolako ana i kahi pūʻolo kau inoa o nā noi Microsoft Office (nā mana kūloko a me ka Pūnaewele), a me nā huahana kikowaena nui - Exchange, Teams, OneDrive a me Sharepoint.
I kēia manawa, ʻo Office 365 kahi lawelawe ponoʻī e uhi piha i nā pono no nā kamaʻilio keʻena. Ma muli o ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻonohonoho, kūpono ia no nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻoihana nui.
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lawelawe Exchange, Teams, OneDrive a me Sharepoint i ke ao e hoʻemi nui i ka ukana ma ka luna hoʻonohonoho, no ka mea ʻO nā kaʻina hana a pau no ka hoʻokomo ʻana, ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai, ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka neʻe ʻana i nā mana hou i kēia manawa aia me Microsoft. Inā he 4-6 mau luna hoʻolaʻa i hoʻolaʻa ʻia ma mua e pono ai e mālama i ka Exchange, Teams, OneDrive a me Sharepoint i ka ʻoihana kūloko, i kēia manawa ma Office 365 he 1 awelika luna wale nō ka lawa. Inā maikaʻi ʻole a hana ʻole paha kekahi mea, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi tikiki i ke kākoʻo ʻenehana Microsoft pololei mai ke kikowaena Office 365, he mea maʻalahi loa.
Inā he luna ʻōnaehana ʻoe i kēia manawa e mālama ana i nā mana o Exchange, Skype for Business a i ʻole nā huahana Sharepoint, a laila makemake wau e nānā i kā lākou mau ʻano kapua ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o Office 365 e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o kā lākou kūpono iā ʻoe a me nā hana a lākou e hoʻolako ai i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me. nā mana ma ka hale.
Azure he paepae ao honua ia mai Microsoft e komo ana i ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o nā lawelawe kapuaʻi e kōkua ana i nā hui e hoʻoponopono i kā lākou mau pilikia ʻoihana. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lawelawe ʻo Azure ma mua o 300, i hui pū ʻia i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa (computing, networking, storage, databases, analytics, Internet of things, security, devOps, containers, etc.).
Ma hope o ka puka mua ʻana ma 2009, aia ʻo Microsoft Azure i kekahi o nā kūlana alakaʻi i ka mākeke lawelawe kapuaʻi honua, e hoʻokūkū kūleʻa ana ma laila me Amazon AWS.
Wahi a ka hōʻike kālā hou loa () Ua piʻi ka loaʻa kālā o Microsoft i kēlā me kēia makahiki (Q4 2019) e 49% ma muli o ka kūleʻa o Office 365 a me ka ʻoihana kapua. Ua ulu ka loaʻa kālā ʻo Azure i 64%.
ʻO Azure, me Office 365, nā wahi nui kahi e alakaʻi ai ʻo Microsoft i kāna waiwai kālā a me ka hoʻonohonoho.
Hiki i ka nui o nā lawelawe ma ka platform Azure ke hoʻopili i kahi loea IT ʻike, no laila aia ma lalo kahi wehewehe o kahi ʻōnaehana kikowaena Windows maʻamau, kahi i loko o nā pale e hōʻike ai au i kā lākou mau analogues kokoke i ke ao Azure. Manaʻo wau e lilo kēia i wahi hoʻomaka no ke aʻo ʻana iā Azure, no ka mea, e like me kou ʻike, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka liʻiliʻi, e neʻe mālie a hohonu.
ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana kikowaena Windows maʻamau e like me kēia:
- Active Directory (AD) me nā kulekele hui a me DNS. (Azure Active Directory (AAD), Azure DNS).
- DHCP
- Kūkaʻi leka uila. (Hoʻololi ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o Office 365).
- RDS mahiʻai me kekahi mau kikowaena kikowaena. (Mekini uila Azure + Pūnaewele Kūikawā Azure + Waihona Azure).
- He waihona waihona kahi e mālama ai nā limahana i kā lākou mau faila. (Azure File Storage, Azure virtual machine + Azure Virtual Network + Azure Storage)
- Nā kikowaena me nā noi a me nā ʻikepili (1C, portal pūnaewele kūloko, CRM, etc.). (Azure SQL Database, Azure Web Sites, Microsoft Dynamics 365, Azure virtual machine + Azure Virtual Network + Azure Storage)
ʻO nā hana hoʻomalu nui:
- Ke hana nei i nā waihona. (Kākua Azure).
- ʻOhi a me ka nānā ʻana i nā lāʻau. (Azure Log Analytics).
- ʻOtometi o nā hana maʻamau. (Azure Automation).
- Ka nānā ʻana i ke kūlana o nā lawelawe a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā leka e pili ana i nā hemahema (Azure Monitor).
No nā luna hoʻomalu o Windows e mālama ana i nā ʻōnaehana kūloko, e aʻo mua wau e ʻimi i nā analogs o kā lākou punahele punahele ma ke ao Azure i mea e hana liʻiliʻi ai me lākou, e hoʻoholo i kā lākou pono no ka hui, a, malia paha, hoʻonohonoho i nā koho hybrid, ke koho ʻana. ka maikaʻi o nā ao ʻelua.
Nā papa hoʻonaʻauao
Ke neʻe mālie nei ka manaʻo nui o Microsoft i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kāna mau huahana i nā hoʻonā kapua, no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e aʻo iā lākou i kēia manawa. Ma hea e loaʻa ai iaʻu ka ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana iā Azure ma ka ʻōlelo Lūkini? ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe nui o ia mau kumuwaiwai.
Hāʻawi ʻo Microsoft e hoʻohana i kāna puka puka Microsoft Learn - . Ua unuhi ʻia ka mea kikokikona i ka ʻōlelo Lūkini, hāʻawi ʻia ke wikiō ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, ʻoiai me nā huaʻōlelo Lūkini.
Ma ke ʻano he mea maikaʻi a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi no ke aʻo ʻana iā Azure, makemake wau i ka papa Exam AZ-900 Azure Fundamentals, a Igor Shastitko i heluhelu ai ma kāna kahawai YouTube (). I kēia manawa aia nā wikiō 13, akā inā lawa ke kākoʻo ikaika mai ke kaiāulu (e like me, kau inoa), e ʻike wikiwiki ʻia nā mea a ʻaʻole lōʻihi ka hoʻomau.
Eia kekahi, ma ke kahawai iwalker2000, paipai au e nānā i ka papa mele "IT Career: Pehea e lilo ai i IT Specialist," e kōkua ana i nā poʻe loea e hoʻoholo i ke ala o kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻoihana a kūkulu pololei i kā lākou ʻoihana. ()
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe nui o nā mea ma Azure ma Lūkini e like me kā mākou makemake, no laila inā ʻike ʻoe i nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kēia kumuhana, e ʻoluʻolu e kaʻana iā lākou i nā ʻōlelo. Nui nā loea IT e mahalo iā ʻoe no kēia.
haʻina
He aha nā hopena e hiki ke huki ʻia mai nā mea a pau i luna?
- Aia nō ke ola i loko o ka ʻōnaehana Microsoft, ʻaʻole e hele. Loaʻa iā Microsoft kahi kōpili o nā polokalamu hoʻonā polokalamu, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau alakaʻi i kā lākou niches, no laila, loaʻa i kahi luna hoʻonohonoho i kahi mea e aʻo ai, hoʻokō, hana a hoʻomohala.
- Ke hoʻololi nei ka ʻōnaehana o Microsoft i kēia manawa, a ke hana nei kēia me ka manaʻo nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lawelawe kapuaʻi - Azure a me Office 365. E hana mua ʻia nā huahana a me nā noi Microsoft hou e hana i ke ao me ka kuhikuhi ʻana i ke kumu hoʻohālike me nā uku mahina. ʻO kekahi wale nō o kēia mau huahana e hoʻokō ʻia ma hope o nā hāʻina ma ka hale.
- E haʻalele koke ana kekahi mau huahana pipiʻi a paʻakikī e kākoʻo iā mākou, e neʻe holoʻokoʻa a ʻāpana paha i ke ao Azure a i ʻole Office 365. ʻO nā luna hoʻomalu pākahi e mālama mau i hoʻokahi huahana (e like me SCOM, SCSM, etc.) hoopauia.
- Inā ʻoe he luna hoʻomalu ʻōnaehana ʻike e hana ana i ka kaiaola Microsoft, a laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e haʻalele i nā mea āpau a holo i DevOps, ke kamaʻilio ʻia nei ma kēlā me kēia kihi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kāu kuhikuhi, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mākaukau i nā lawelawe kapuaʻi Azure a me Office 365.
- No ka noho ʻana i mea loea i ʻimi ʻia ma ka mākeke hana, pono ʻoe e aʻo, aʻo a aʻo hou. ʻOi aku ka pili o ka manaʻo o ka "hoʻonaʻauao ola" no IT ma mua o ka wā ma mua, ʻoi aku i kēia manawa i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana ao.
- Aia ʻo DevOps i ka piko o kona kaulana (hype). He mea oiaio. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo DevOps ma ke ʻano he ala e hiki ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā polokalamu a me nā hana e hui pū ʻia, me nā polokalamu polokalamu a me nā ʻenekini e hana pū ana i kahi pahuhopu maʻamau - e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka polokalamu. ʻO ka manaʻo nui i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka moʻomeheu o ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā hui, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mīkini kōkua like a me ke kuleana hui no ka hopena hope. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hopena, ua alakaʻi kēia i ka puka ʻana mai o kahi kūlana hou - ʻenekini DevOps, nona nā hana o ka ʻenekini hoʻokuʻu (CICD), ka luna hoʻokele automation, luna hoʻomalu kapua a me nā ʻenekini hana. He mea pono kēia. ʻO ka helu o nā hakahaka DevOps a me kā lākou mau koi e hōʻoia wale i kēia.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo DevOps ma ke ʻano he ala hou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻenekini hoʻokele ʻōnaehana. He ala maikaʻi loa ʻo DevOps no ka luna hoʻomalu maʻamau e hoʻololi i kāna ʻoihana o kēia manawa i ka ʻoihana hoʻomohala polokalamu. ʻO ka poʻe makemake i ka automation a me ke kākau ʻana i nā code code e lilo i mea hoʻomohala, a ʻo ka poʻe makemake i nā mea ʻenehana (nā pūnaewele, nā kikowaena, OS, nā ao, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) e lilo i mau ʻenekini DevOps.
- Inā he loea hoʻomaka ʻoe, a i ʻole ke komo wale ʻana i ka IT, a laila he ala maikaʻi loa ʻo DevOps e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kahi manawa pōkole a loaʻa kahi hana ma kahi ʻoihana maʻamau, me ka uku kūpono a me kahi keʻena maikaʻi, no laila e aʻo iā Linux, Ansible, Docker, Kubernetes, Python a me CICD.
I kēia mau lā, ua piʻi aʻe ka noi no ka Linux platform a me nā hoʻonā e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā polokalamu, akā ʻaʻole kēia ma muli o ka kaiaola Microsoft, akā ua puka mai kahi niche hou kahi i hoʻohana ikaika ʻia ai ʻo Docker a me Kubernetes, ua ʻoki ʻia nā noi monolithic i nā lawelawe micro. , a pono ka ʻoihana e hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā polokalamu e hōʻemi i ka manawa e mākeke no nā hana hou.
Source: www.habr.com