Inā hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke kāleka mai kahi NVME SSD ma nā ʻōnaehana kahiko. Ua manaʻo ʻia hiki i ka ʻōnaehana hana (OS) ke hana me NVME SSD. Ke noʻonoʻo nei au i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka OS, no ka mea me nā mea hoʻokele i loaʻa i ka OS, ʻike ʻia ka NVME SSD i ka OS ma hope o ka booting a hiki ke hoʻohana. ʻAʻole koi ʻia nā polokalamu hou (polokalamu) no Linux. No ka OS o ka ʻohana BSD a me nā Unix ʻē aʻe, kūpono paha ke ʻano.
No ka hoʻomaka ʻana mai kekahi kaʻa, pono e loaʻa i ka bootloader (BOP), BIOS a i ʻole EFI (UEFI) nā mea hoʻokele no kēia hāmeʻa. ʻO nā mea hoʻokele NVME SSD he mau mea hou i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me BIOS, a ʻaʻohe mea hoʻokele i ka firmware firmware o nā motherboards kahiko. I ka EFI me ke kākoʻo ʻole o NVME SSD, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ke code kūpono, a laila hiki ke hana piha me kēia hāmeʻa - hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokomo i ka ʻōnaehana hana a hoʻopaʻa iā ia. No nā'ōnaehana kahiko me ka mea i kapaʻia. ʻAʻole hiki ke hana ʻo "Legacy BIOS" i ka OS. Eia naʻe, hiki ke kāpae ʻia kēia.
Pehea e hana ai
Ua hoʻohana au i ka openSUSE Leap 15.1. No nā Linux ʻē aʻe, e like nō nā ʻanuʻu.
1. E hoʻomākaukau kākou i ke kamepiula e hoʻokomo i ka ʻōnaehana hana.
Pono ʻoe i PC a i ʻole kikowaena me kahi slot PCI-E 4x a ʻoi aku paha, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe, ua lawa ka PCI-E 1.0. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka hou o ka mana PCI-E, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka wikiwiki. ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo, NVME SSD me M.2 adapter - PCI-E 4x.
Pono ʻoe i kekahi ʻano kaʻa me ka mana o 300 MB a i ʻole, ʻike ʻia mai ka BIOS a mai kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻouka i ka OS. Hiki ke lilo i HDD me IDE, SATA, SCSI pili. S.A.S. A i ʻole USB flash drive a i ʻole kāleka hoʻomanaʻo. ʻAʻole kūpono ia ma kahi diski floppy. ʻAʻole e holo ka CD-ROM a pono e kākau hou ʻia. DVD-RAM - ʻaʻohe manaʻo. E kapa mākou i kēia mea he "drive BIOS hoʻoilina".
2. Hoʻouka mākou iā Linux no ka hoʻokomo ʻana (mai kahi disk optical a i ʻole kahi bootable flash drive, etc.).
3. Ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi disk, e puʻunaue i ka OS ma waena o nā drive i loaʻa:
3.1. E hana mākou i kahi ʻāpana no ka bootloader GRUB i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka "Legacy drive BIOS" me ka nui o 8 MB. Hoʻomaopopo wau e hoʻohana ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona openSUSE - GRUB ma kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. No openSUSE, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana faila paʻamau (FS) ʻo BTRFS. Inā ʻoe e kau iā GRUB ma kahi ʻāpana me kahi ʻōnaehana faila BTRFS, a laila ʻaʻole e hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kau iā GRUB ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka lōʻihi.
3.2. Ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana me GRUB, e hana mākou i kahi ʻāpana me kahi ʻāpana o ka waihona ʻōnaehana ("root"), ʻo ia hoʻi me "/boot/", 300 MB ka nui.
3.3. ʻO ke koena o ka maikaʻi - ke koena o ka waihona ʻōnaehana, ka ʻāpana swap, ka "/ home /" mea hoʻohana pā (inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hana i hoʻokahi) hiki ke kau ʻia ma ka NVME SSD.
Ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana, hoʻouka ka ʻōnaehana iā GRUB, e hoʻouka ana i nā faila mai /boot/, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka NVME SSD, a laila hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana mai ka NVME SSD.
Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, loaʻa iaʻu kahi wikiwiki nui.
Nā koi no ka "Legacy drive BIOS": ʻO 8 MB no kahi ʻāpana GRUB ka paʻamau, a ma kahi o 200 MB no /boot/. 300 MB aʻu i lawe me ka palena. I ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka kernel (a i ka wā e hoʻokomo ai i nā mea hou), e hoʻopiha hou ʻo Linux i ka /boot/ partition me nā faila hou.
Ka helu ʻana i ka wikiwiki a me ke kumukūʻai
ʻO ke kumukūʻai o NVME SSD 128 GB - mai kahi o 2000 rubles.
ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kahi adapter M.2 - PCI-E 4x - mai kahi 500 rubles.
M.2 i PCI-E 16x adapters no eha NVME SSD hoʻokuʻu no hoi ma ke kuai, kuai ma kahi mai 3000 r. - inā makemake kekahi.
E kaupalena i ka māmā holo:
PCI-E 3.0 4x ma kahi o 3900 MB/s
PCI-E 2.0 4x 2000 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 4x 1000 MB/s
ʻO nā kaʻa me PCI-E 3.0 4x i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hiki i ka wikiwiki o 3500 MB / s.
Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka wikiwiki hiki ke loaʻa e like me kēia:
PCI-E 3.0 4x ma kahi o 3500 MB/s
PCI-E 2.0 4x ma kahi o 1800 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 4x ma kahi o 900 MB/s
ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o SATA 600MB/s. ʻO ka wikiwiki hiki ke loaʻa no SATA 600 MB/s ma kahi o 550 MB/s.
I ka manawa like, ma nā motherboards kahiko, ʻaʻole ʻo 600 MB / s ka wikiwiki SATA o ka mea hoʻokele ma ka papa, akā 300 MB / s a i ʻole 150 MB / s. Eia ma luna o ka mea hoʻokele = SATA ka mea hoʻokele i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ke alahaka hema o ka chipset.
Hoʻomaopopo wau e hana ʻo NCQ no NVME SSDs, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā mea hoʻokele ma luna o ka papa.
Ua hana au i ka helu ʻana no PCI-E 4x, akā naʻe, loaʻa i kekahi mau kaʻa he pahi PCI-E 2x. Ua lawa kēia no PCI-E 3.0, akā no nā kūlana PCI-E kahiko - 2.0 a me 1.0 - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻole ʻana i nā SSD NVME. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o kahi kaʻa me kahi buffer i ke ʻano o kahi puʻupuʻu hoʻomanaʻo ma mua o ka ʻole.
No ka poʻe makemake e haʻalele loa i ka mea hoʻokele SATA ma luna o ka papa, ke aʻo aku nei au iā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka mana Asmedia ASM 106x (1061, etc.), e hāʻawi ana i ʻelua mau awa SATA 600 (i loko a i waho paha). Hana maikaʻi ia (ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka firmware), ma ke ʻano AHCI kākoʻo ia i ka NCQ. Hoʻopili ʻia ma o ka pahi ʻo PCI-E 2.0 1x.
ʻO kona māmā kiʻekiʻe:
PCI-E 2.0 1x 500 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 1x 250 MB/s
ʻO ka wikiwiki hiki ke loaʻa:
PCI-E 2.0 1x 460 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 1x 280 MB/s
Ua lawa kēia no hoʻokahi SATA SSD a i ʻole ʻelua paʻakikī paʻakikī.
ʻIke ʻia nā hemahema
1. Aole heluhelu me NVME SSD, aia wale nō ka ʻike maʻamau e pili ana i ka mea hana, helu serial, etc. Ma muli paha o ka motherboard kahiko loa (mp). No kaʻu mau hoʻokolohua inhuman, ua hoʻohana au i ka mp kahiko loa i loaʻa iaʻu, me kahi chipset nForce4.
2. Pono e hana ʻo TRIM, akā pono e nānā ʻia.
hopena
Aia kekahi mau koho ʻē aʻe: kūʻai i kahi mea hoʻokele SAS me kahi slot PCI-E 4x a i ʻole 8x (aia he 16x a i ʻole 32x?). Eia nō naʻe, inā he haʻahaʻa lākou, kākoʻo lākou i ka SAS 600, akā ʻo SATA 300, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kūʻai aku ma mua o ke ʻano i manaʻo ʻia ma luna.
No ka hoʻohana ʻana me M $ Windows, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻouka i nā polokalamu hou - he bootloader me nā mea hoʻokele i kūkulu ʻia no NVME SSD.
E nānā maanei:
Ke kono nei au i ka mea heluhelu e loiloi nona iho inā makemake ʻo ia i kahi noi o NVME SSD, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi motherboard hou (+ processor + memory) me kahi mea hoʻohui M.2 PCI-E a me ke kākoʻo no ka booting mai NVME SSD ma EFI.
Source: www.habr.com