Ua ho'āʻo ka hui URUS i nā Kubernetes ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole: hoʻoili kūʻokoʻa ma luna o ka metala ʻole, ma Google Cloud, a laila hoʻololi i kāna paepae i ke ao Mail.ru Cloud Solutions (MCS). Ua haʻi ʻo Igor Shishkin pehea lākou i koho ai i kahi mea hāʻawi kapuaʻi hou a pehea i hiki ai iā lākou ke neʻe i laila i loko o kahi moʻolelo ʻelua hola (), luna hoʻomalu ʻōnaehana kiʻekiʻe ma URUS.
He aha ka hana a URUS?
Nui nā ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni kūlanakauhale, a ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻO kēia ka mea e hana nei ka URUS - Smart Digital Services. Ma ʻaneʻi lākou e hoʻokō i nā hopena e kōkua i nā ʻoihana e nānā i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi kaiapuni a hōʻemi i kā lākou hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaiapuni. Hōʻiliʻili nā mea ʻike i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka haku mele ʻana, ka pae walaʻau a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, a laila e hoʻouna iā lākou i ka platform URUS-Ekomon i hui pū ʻia no ka nānā ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.
Pehea ka hana ʻana o URUS mai loko mai
ʻO kahi mea kūʻai maʻamau o URUS he hui i loko a kokoke paha i kahi wahi noho. He hale hana paha kēia, ke awa, ke kahua kaʻaahi a i ʻole nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. Inā ua loaʻa i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku kahi ʻōlelo aʻo, ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia no ka haumia o ke kaiapuni, a makemake paha e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka walaʻau, e hoʻemi i ka nui o nā hoʻokuʻu ʻino, hele mai ʻo ia iā mākou, a ke hāʻawi nei mākou iā ia i kahi hoʻonā mākaukau no ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni.
Hōʻike ka pakuhi nānā ʻana o ka H2S i nā hoʻokuʻu maʻamau o ka pō mai kahi mea kanu kokoke
ʻO nā mea hana a mākou e hoʻohana ai ma URUS aia kekahi mau mea ʻike e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻike o kekahi mau kinoea, nā pae walaʻau a me nā ʻikepili ʻē aʻe e loiloi i ke kūlana kaiapuni. Hoʻoholo mau ʻia ka helu pololei o nā sensor e ka hana kikoʻī.
Ma muli o nā kiko'ī o nā ana, hiki ke loaʻa nā mea me nā mea ʻike ma nā paia o nā hale, nā pou a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea hana e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike, hōʻuluʻulu a hoʻouna iā ia i ka ʻīpuka loaʻa ʻikepili. Ma laila mākou e mālama ai i ka ʻikepili no ka mālama ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi a hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua iā ia no ka nānā ʻana ma hope. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi o ka mea i loaʻa iā mākou ma muli o ka nānā ʻana ʻo ia ka ʻōlelo kuhikuhi maikaʻi o ka ea, ʻike ʻia ʻo AQI.
Ma ka like, nui nā lawelawe ʻē aʻe e hana ana ma kā mākou kahua, akā he ʻano lawelawe lākou. No ka laʻana, hoʻouna ka lawelawe hoʻolaha i nā leka hoʻomaopopo i nā mea kūʻai aku inā ʻoi aku kekahi o nā ʻāpana i nānā ʻia (no ka laʻana, CO2 content) ma mua o ka waiwai i ʻae ʻia.
Pehea mākou e mālama ai i ka ʻikepili. ʻO ka moʻolelo o Kubernetes ma ka metala ʻole
Loaʻa i ka papahana nānā kaiapuni ʻo URUS kekahi mau hale waihona ʻikepili. Ma kahi hoʻokahi mālama mākou i ka ʻikepili "raw" - nā mea i loaʻa pololei iā mākou mai nā polokalamu ponoʻī. ʻO kēia waihona he lipine "magnetic", e like me nā lipine cassette kahiko, me ka mōʻaukala o nā hōʻailona āpau. Hoʻohana ʻia ka lua o ka waiho ʻana no ka ʻikepili preprocessed - ʻikepili mai nā polokalamu, i hoʻonui ʻia me ka metadata e pili ana i nā pilina ma waena o nā mea ʻike a me ka heluhelu ʻana o nā mea pono ponoʻī, pili me nā hui, nā wahi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. hoʻololi i kekahi manawa. Hoʻohana mākou i ka waihona ʻikepili "raw", ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma ke ʻano he hoʻihoʻi a no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻikepili i hana mua ʻia, inā e kū mai kahi pono.
I ko mākou ʻimi ʻana e hoʻoponopono i kā mākou pilikia mālama i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa iā mākou ʻelua mau koho kahua: Kubernetes a me OpenStack. Akā, ʻoiai ke nānā aku nei nā mea hope loa (e nānā wale i kona hoʻolālā e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia), ua noho mākou ma Kubernetes. ʻO kekahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa i makemake ʻia ʻo ia ka mana o ka polokalamu maʻalahi, ka hiki ke ʻoki i nā nodes lako e like me nā kumuwaiwai.
E like me ka haku ʻana iā Kubernetes ponoʻī, ua aʻo pū mākou i nā ala e mālama ai i ka ʻikepili, ʻoiai mākou e mālama i kā mākou waihona āpau ma Kubernetes ma kā mākou lako ponoʻī, ua loaʻa iā mākou ka loea maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā mea a pau a mākou i noho ai ma nā Kubernetes: statefull storage, monitoring system, CI/CD. Ua lilo ʻo Kubernetes i kahua holoʻokoʻa no mākou.
Akā makemake mākou e hana pū me Kubernetes ma ke ʻano he lawelawe, a ʻaʻole e komo i kāna kākoʻo a hoʻomohala. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole mākou makemake i ka nui o ke kumukūʻai no ka mālama ʻana iā ia ma ka metala ʻole, a pono mākou e hoʻomohala mau! No ka laʻana, ʻo kekahi o nā hana mua ʻo ia ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele Kubernetes Ingress i loko o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele o kā mākou hui. He hana paʻakikī kēia, ʻoi aku ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kēlā manawa ʻaʻohe mea i mākaukau no ka hoʻokele waiwai papahana e like me nā moʻolelo DNS a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā helu IP. Ma hope mai ua hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻokolohua me ka mālama ʻikepili waho. ʻAʻole mākou i hele a puni i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka mea hoʻokele PVC, akā naʻe ua maopopo ia he wahi nui kēia o ka hana e koi ai i nā loea kūikawā.
ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka Google Cloud Platform kahi hopena pōkole
Ua ʻike mākou ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomau kēia, a ua hoʻoneʻe i kā mākou ʻikepili mai ka metala ʻole i ka Google Cloud Platform. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, i kēlā manawa ʻaʻole nui nā koho hoihoi no kahi hui Lūkini: ma waho aʻe o Google Cloud Platform, hāʻawi wale ʻo Amazon i kahi lawelawe like, akā ua hoʻomau mākou i ka hopena mai Google. A laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kā mākou ʻoihana, kokoke i Upstream, ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo Google ponoʻī he ʻano PoC Kubernetes i Production.
Ua ʻike ʻia ka pilikia nui mua ma ka lewa i ka ulu ʻana o kā mākou mea kūʻai. I ka wā e pono ai mākou e mālama i ka ʻikepili pilikino, ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi koho: e hana pū mākou me Google a hōʻole i nā kānāwai Lūkini, a i ʻole mākou e ʻimi nei i kahi koho ʻē aʻe ma ka Russian Federation. ʻO ka koho, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua wānana ʻia. 🙂
Pehea mākou i ʻike ai i ka lawelawe kapuaʻi kūpono
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻimi, ua ʻike mua mākou i ka mea a mākou e makemake ai e loaʻa mai ka mea hāʻawi kapuaʻi e hiki mai ana. He aha ka lawelawe a mākou i ʻimi ai:
- ʻO ka wikiwiki a me ka maʻalahi. No laila hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohui koke i kahi node hou a i ʻole e kau i kekahi mea i kēlā me kēia manawa.
- Kūʻai ʻole. Ua hopohopo nui mākou no ka pilikia kālā, no ka mea, ua kaupalena ʻia mākou i nā kumuwaiwai. Ua ʻike mua mākou ua makemake mākou e hana pū me Kubernetes, a i kēia manawa ʻo ka hana e hōʻemi i kāna kumukūʻai i mea e hoʻonui ai a i ʻole e mālama i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia hopena.
- 'akomi. Hoʻolālā mākou e hana pū me ka lawelawe ma o ka API, me ka ʻole o nā mana a me nā kelepona a i ʻole nā kūlana kahi e pono ai mākou e hoʻokiʻekiʻe lima i kekahi mau kaukani nodes i ke ʻano pilikia. No ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o kā mākou mau kaʻina hana, ua manaʻo mākou e like me ka lawelawe kapuaʻi.
- Me nā kikowaena ma ka Russian Federation. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻolālā mākou e hoʻokō me nā kānāwai Lūkini a me kēlā 152-FZ.
I kēlā manawa, liʻiliʻi nā mea hoʻolako Kubernetes aaS ma Rūsia, a i ke koho ʻana i kahi mea hoʻolako, he mea nui iā mākou ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i kā mākou mau mea nui. ʻO ka hui ʻo Mail.ru Cloud Solutions, ka mea a mākou i hoʻomaka ai e hana a ke hana pū nei mākou, hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi lawelawe ʻokoʻa piha, me ke kākoʻo API a me kahi papa hoʻokele kūpono e pili ana iā Horizon - me ia hiki iā mākou ke hoʻonui i ka helu o nā nodes.
Pehea mākou i hiki ai ke neʻe i MCS i ʻelua hola
Ma ia mau neʻe ʻana, nui nā ʻoihana e kū nei i nā pilikia a me nā pilikia, akā i kā mākou hihia ʻaʻohe. Laki mākou: ʻoiai mākou e hana nei ma nā Kubernetes ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana, ua hoʻoponopono wale mākou i ʻekolu faila a hoʻomaka i kā mākou lawelawe ma ka paepae kapua hou, MCS. E ʻae mai iaʻu e hoʻomanaʻo iā ʻoe i kēlā manawa ua haʻalele mākou i ka metala ʻole a noho mākou ma ka Google Cloud Platform. No laila, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana ma mua o ʻelua mau hola, a me kahi manawa liʻiliʻi (e pili ana i hoʻokahi hola) i hoʻopau ʻia i ke kope ʻana i ka ʻikepili mai kā mākou mau polokalamu. I kēlā manawa ua hoʻohana mua mākou iā Spinnaker (he lawelawe CD multi-cloud no Continous Delivery). Hoʻohui koke mākou iā ia i ka hui hou a hoʻomau i ka hana e like me ka mea maʻamau.
Mahalo i ka automation o nā kaʻina hana hoʻomohala a me CI/CD, mālama ʻia ʻo Kubernetes ma URUS e kekahi loea (a ʻo wau nō). I kekahi manawa, ua hana pū kekahi luna ʻōnaehana me aʻu, akā ua ʻike ʻia ua hana mua mākou i nā hana maʻamau āpau a ua nui aʻe nā hana ma ka ʻaoʻao o kā mākou huahana nui a ua kūpono ke kuhikuhi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai i kēia.
Ua loaʻa iā mākou ka mea a mākou i manaʻo ai mai ka mea hāʻawi kapuaʻi, ʻoiai ua hoʻomaka mākou i ka hana like ʻole me ka hoʻopunipuni ʻole. Inā loaʻa kekahi mau hanana, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka ʻenehana a me nā mea hiki ke wehewehe maʻalahi e ka pili hou o ka lawelawe. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ka hui MCS e hoʻopau koke i nā hemahema a pane koke i nā nīnau i nā ʻelele.
Inā hoʻohālikelike wau i kaʻu ʻike me Google Cloud Platform, ʻaʻole wau i ʻike i kahi o ka pihi manaʻo, no ka mea ʻaʻohe pono. A inā loaʻa kekahi pilikia, ua hoʻouna ʻo Google i nā leka hoʻomaopopo unilaterally. Akā i ka hihia o MCS, manaʻo wau ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi nui ʻo ia ka mea kokoke loa i nā mea kūʻai aku Lūkini - ma ka ʻāina a me ka noʻonoʻo.
Pehea mākou e ʻike ai i ka hana ʻana me nā ao i ka wā e hiki mai ana
I kēia manawa ua pili pono kā mākou hana iā Kubernetes, a kūpono loa ia iā mākou mai ka ʻike o nā hana ʻoihana. No laila, ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻolālā e neʻe aku mai ia wahi aku, ʻoiai ke hoʻolauna mau nei mākou i nā hana a me nā lawelawe hou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hana maʻamau a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā mea hou, hoʻonui i ka paʻa a me ka hilinaʻi o nā lawelawe ... Ke hoʻomaka nei mākou i ka lawelawe Chaos Monkey (ʻokoʻa , hoʻohana mākou i chaoskube, akā ʻaʻole kēia e hoʻololi i ka manaʻo: ), i hana mua ʻia e Netflix. Hana ʻo Chaos Monkey i hoʻokahi mea maʻalahi: holoi ʻo ia i kahi pod Kubernetes maʻamau i ka manawa. Pono kēia no kā mākou lawelawe e ola maʻamau me ka helu o nā manawa n–1, no laila e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mākou iā mākou iho e mākaukau no nā pilikia.
I kēia manawa ke ʻike nei au i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻonā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu - ʻo nā paepae kapuaʻi like - ʻo ia wale nō ka mea kūpono no nā ʻoihana ʻōpio. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kā lākou huakaʻi, ua kaupalena ʻia lākou i nā kumuwaiwai, ʻo ke kanaka a me ke kālā, a ʻo ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kā lākou ao ponoʻī a i ʻole ke kikowaena data ʻoi loa ka pipiʻi a me ka hana. Hāʻawi nā mea hāʻawi kapua iā ʻoe e hōʻemi i kēia mau kumukūʻai; hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa koke mai iā lākou nā kumuwaiwai e pono ai no ka hana ʻana o nā lawelawe ma aneʻi a i kēia manawa, a uku no kēia mau kumuwaiwai ma hope o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. No ka hui URUS, e noho kūpaʻa mākou iā Kubernetes ma ke ao no kēia manawa. Akā ʻo wai ka mea ʻike, pono mākou e hoʻonui i ka ʻāina, a i ʻole e hoʻokō i nā hoʻonā e pili ana i kekahi mau lako kikoʻī. A i ʻole, ʻo ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai e hoʻopau ʻia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā Kubernetes ponoʻī ma ke ʻano metala, e like me ka wā kahiko. 🙂
Nā mea a mākou i aʻo ai mai ka hana ʻana me nā lawelawe kapua
Ua hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻohana i nā Kubernetes ma ka metala ʻole, a ma laila ua maikaʻi ma kona ʻano ponoʻī. Akā, ua hōʻike pololei ʻia kona mau ikaika ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana aaS i ke ao. Inā hoʻonoho ʻoe i kahi pahuhopu a hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea āpau e like me ka hiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i ka mea kūʻai aku i ka laka a me ka neʻe ʻana ma waena o nā mea hāʻawi kapuaʻi e lawe i ʻelua mau hola, a e noho pū nā pūnana nerve me mākou. Hiki iā mākou ke aʻo aku i nā hui ʻē aʻe: inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻomaka i kāu lawelawe ponoʻī (kapua), me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai liʻiliʻi a me ka wikiwiki loa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana, e hoʻomaka i kēia manawa ma ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ao, a kūkulu i kāu kikowaena data ma hope o ka kākau ʻana o Forbes e pili ana iā ʻoe.
Source: www.habr.com