Hiki iā ʻoe ke pane koke i ka nīnau, ʻehia mau ʻōnaehana IT i kāu hui? A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou. No laila, i kēia manawa e haʻi mākou iā ʻoe e pili ana i kā mākou ala e kūkulu ai i kahi papa inoa hui o nā ʻōnaehana IT o ka ʻoihana, i pono e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia aʻe:
- He puke wehewehe'ōlelo hoʻokahi no ka hui holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka ʻike pololei no ka ʻoihana a me ka IT o nā ʻōnaehana i loaʻa i ka ʻoihana.
- Papa inoa o na kanaka kuleana. Ma waho aʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea i kuleana no kēlā me kēia ʻōnaehana, ma ka ʻaoʻao IT a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻoihana.
- Hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōnaehana IT. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻolālā IT, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōnaehana IT i loaʻa i ka pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, e nā ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia, etc.
- Heluhelu i nā koina no nā ʻōnaehana IT. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻōnaehana IT, a laila e hele mai me kahi algorithm no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kumukūʻai. E ʻōlelo koke wau ua loaʻa iā mākou he nui ma kēia wahi, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o kēlā ma kekahi ʻatikala.
E pane koke kākou i ka nīnau mai ke poʻo inoa - ehia mau ʻōnaehana IT i loaʻa i ka hui? I loko o ka makahiki, ua ho'āʻo mākou e hōʻuluʻulu i kahi papa inoa, a ua ʻike ʻia aia he 116 ʻōnaehana IT i ʻike ʻia (ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka poʻe kuleana ma IT a me nā mea kūʻai aku ma waena o nā ʻoihana).
Inā he nui a liʻiliʻi paha kēia, hiki ke hoʻokolokolo ma hope o ka wehewehe kikoʻī o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he ʻōnaehana IT ma ko mākou ʻāina.
Ka Papa Hana
ʻO ka mea mua, ua noi ʻia nā keʻena āpau o ka IT Directorate no nā papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT a lākou e kākoʻo ai. A laila, hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻohui i kēia mau papa inoa a hana i nā inoa i hui pū ʻia a me nā hoʻopili. I ka pae mua, ua hoʻoholo mākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōnaehana IT i ʻekolu pūʻulu:
- Nā lawelawe waho.
- Pūnaehana ʻike.
- Nā lawelawe ʻoihana. ʻO kēia ka māhele hoihoi loa. I ke kaʻina o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i kahi papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT, ua ʻike ʻia nā huahana lako polokalamu i hoʻohana wale ʻia e nā ʻōnaehana (no ka laʻana, Active Directory (AD)), a me nā huahana lako polokalamu i kau ʻia ma nā mīkini kūloko o nā mea hoʻohana. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau papahana a pau i nā lawelawe ʻoihana.
E nānā pono kākou i kēlā me kēia hui.
Nā lawelawe waho
ʻO nā lawelawe waho nā ʻōnaehana IT ʻaʻole hoʻohana i kā mākou kikowaena kikowaena. ʻO kahi hui ʻekolu ke kuleana no kā lākou hana. ʻO kēia, no ka hapa nui, nā lawelawe kapuaʻi a me nā API waho o nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, nā lawelawe uku a me ka nānā ʻana i ka fiscalization). Hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia ka huaʻōlelo, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hana i kahi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Hoʻopaʻa mākou i nā hihia palena palena āpau i "nā ʻōnaehana ʻike".
Pūnaehana ʻike
ʻO nā ʻōnaehana ʻike he hoʻokomo ʻana i nā huahana lako polokalamu i hoʻohana ʻia e kahi hui. I kēia hihia, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia nā pūʻolo polokalamu wale nō i hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā kikowaena a hāʻawi i ka pilina no nā mea hoʻohana he nui. ʻAʻole i noʻonoʻo ʻia nā polokalamu kūloko i hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā kamepiula limahana.
Aia kekahi mau mea maʻalahi:
- No nā hana he nui, hoʻohana ʻia ka hale hana microservice. Hana ʻia nā Microservices ma kahi kahua maʻamau. Ua noʻonoʻo mākou no ka manawa lōʻihi inā e hoʻokaʻawale i kēlā me kēia lawelawe a i ʻole nā hui o nā lawelawe i nā ʻōnaehana kaʻawale. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻike lākou i ka paepae holoʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana a kapa ʻia ʻo MSP - Mvideo (micro) Service Platform.
- Nui nā ʻōnaehana IT e hoʻohana i kahi hoʻolālā paʻakikī o nā mea kūʻai aku, nā kikowaena, nā ʻikepili, nā mea kaulike, etc. Ua hoʻoholo mākou e hoʻohui i kēia mau mea a pau i hoʻokahi ʻōnaehana IT, me ka ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana ʻenehana e like me nā mea kaulike, TOMCAT a me nā mea hou aku.
- ʻO nā ʻōnaehana IT ʻenehana - e like me AD, nā ʻōnaehana nānā - ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kahi hui ʻokoʻa o nā "lawelawe infrastructure".
Nā lawelawe ʻoihana
Loaʻa kēia i nā ʻōnaehana i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka ʻōnaehana IT. ʻo kahi laʻana:
- Loaʻa i nā kumuwaiwai pūnaewele.
- lawelawe mālama waihona ʻikepili.
- Hana mālama.
- Kelepona.
- ʻaha kūkā wikiō.
- Nā ʻelele.
- ʻOihana Papa kuhikuhi Active Directory.
- lawelawe leka uila.
- Antivirus.
Hoʻokaʻawale mākou i nā polokalamu āpau i kau ʻia ma nā mīkini kūloko o nā mea hoʻohana ma ke ʻano he "Workplace".
ʻAʻole i pau ka kūkākūkā e pili ana i ka hoʻonohonoho o nā lawelawe.
Ka hopena o ka hana mua
Ma hope o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ʻana o nā papa inoa i loaʻa mai nā keʻena, ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi papa inoa maʻamau o nā ʻōnaehana IT o ka hui.
He pae hoʻokahi ka papa inoa, ʻo ia hoʻi. ʻaʻohe o mākou subsystems. Ua hoʻopanee ʻia kēia paʻakikī o ka papa inoa no ka wā e hiki mai ana. I ka huina nui loaʻa iā mākou:
- 152 ʻōnaehana ʻike a me nā lawelawe waho.
- 25 lawelawe hana.
ʻO kahi pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia papa kuhikuhi ʻo ia ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT, ua ʻae lākou i kahi papa inoa o nā limahana kuleana no kēlā me kēia o lākou.
Papaʻelua
He nui nā hemahema o ka papa inoa:
- Ua lilo ia i pae hoʻokahi a ʻaʻole kaulike loa. No ka laʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hale kūʻai ma ka papa inoa e 8 mau modula a i ʻole ʻōnaehana, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka pūnaewele e hoʻokahi ʻōnaehana.
- Ua mau ka nīnau, ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi papa inoa piha o nā ʻōnaehana IT?
- Pehea e hoʻomau ai i ka papa inoa?
Ke hoʻololi mai kahi papa inoa pae hoʻokahi i kahi papa inoa ʻelua
ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui i hana ʻia ma ka pae ʻelua, ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi papa inoa papa ʻelua. ʻElua mau manaʻo i hoʻokomo ʻia:
- ʻōnaehana IT.
- ʻōnaehana IT module.
ʻO ka māhele mua ʻaʻole wale i nā hoʻonohonoho pilikino, akā nā ʻōnaehana pili pono. No ka laʻana, ma mua, ua helu ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hōʻike pūnaewele (SAP BO), ETL a me ka waiho ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana IT kaʻawale, akā i kēia manawa ua hoʻohui mākou iā lākou i hoʻokahi ʻōnaehana me nā modula 10.
Ma hope o ia mau hoʻololi ʻana, 115 mau ʻōnaehana IT i waiho ʻia ma ka papa inoa.
E ʻimi i nā ʻōnaehana IT ʻike ʻole ʻia
Hoʻoponopono mākou i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ʻōnaehana IT ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kumukūʻai i nā ʻōnaehana IT. ʻO kēlā mau mea. Ua hana ka hui i kahi ʻōnaehana no ka puʻunaue ʻana i nā uku ʻoihana āpau i nā ʻōnaehana IT (ʻoi aʻe ma kēia ma ka ʻatikala aʻe). Ke nānā nei mākou i ka papa inoa o nā uku IT i kēlā me kēia mahina a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i nā ʻōnaehana IT. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻōnaehana uku ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka papa inoa.
ʻO ka hana aʻe, ʻo ia ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kahua hoʻolālā IT i hoʻohui ʻia (EA Tool) no ka hoʻolālā hoʻomohala.
Hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōnaehana IT
Ma waho aʻe o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i kahi papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā limahana kuleana, ua hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōnaehana IT.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hoʻohālikelike mua a mākou i hoʻokomo ai ʻo ia ke kaʻina o ke ola. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o kahi papa inoa hoʻokahi o nā ʻōnaehana e hoʻokō ʻia nei a i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka decommissioning i puka mai.
Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomaka mākou e hahai i ka pōʻai ola o ka mea kūʻai aku o nā ʻōnaehana IT. ʻAʻole ia he mea huna he mau mana like ʻole nā huahana lako polokalamu, a kākoʻo wale nā mea hoʻolako i kekahi o lākou. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT, ʻike ʻia nā mea i kākoʻo ʻole ʻia e ka mea hana. I kēia manawa he kūkākūkā nui e pili ana i ka mea e hana ai me ia mau papahana.
Ke hoʻohana nei i ka papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT
He aha mākou e hoʻohana ai i kēia papa inoa no:
- I ka hoʻolālā IT, i ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i ka ʻāina hoʻonā, hoʻohana mākou i nā inoa maʻamau no nā ʻōnaehana IT.
- I ka ʻōnaehana o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā uku ma nā ʻōnaehana IT. ʻO kēia ke ʻike mākou i ka huina kālā no lākou.
- Ke kūkulu hou nei mākou i ka ITSM i mea e mālama ai i kēlā me kēia hanana i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana IT i ʻike ʻia ai ka hanana a i hoʻoholo ʻia ai.
ʻŌwili
No ka mea he ʻike hūnā ka papa inoa o nā ʻōnaehana IT, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻike piha ʻia ma ʻaneʻi; e hōʻike mākou i kahi hiʻohiʻona.
Ma ke kiʻi:
- Hōʻike ʻia nā modula ʻōnaehana IT i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
- Nā keʻena DIT i nā kala ʻē aʻe.
- Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōnaehana IT i nā mea hoʻokele kuleana no lākou.
Source: www.habr.com