Ma ka la 25 o Malaki, ua wehe makou i ke kakau inoa no , he pāʻani kēia no nā mea pā a me nā mea hoʻomaopopo o ka ʻōnaehana hana LinuxʻO kekahi mau helu helu: 1117 poʻe i kākau inoa no ka pāʻani, 317 o lākou i loaʻa i hoʻokahi kī, 241 i hoʻopau pono i ka pae mua, 123 i hoʻopau i ka lua, a 70 i hoʻopau i ke kolu. I kēia lā, ua pau kā mākou pāʻani, a ke hoʻomaikaʻi aku nei mākou i kā mākou poʻe lanakila!
- ʻO Alexander Teldekov ka wahi mua.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Alexander iā ia iho ʻo ia ka luna ʻōnaehana maʻamau. Noho ʻo ia ma Volgograd, e lawelawe ana i nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole Unix no kahi iwakālua makahiki. Ua hiki iaʻu ke hana ma nā mea hoʻolako pūnaewele, kahi panakō, a me kahi mea hoʻohui pūnaewele. I kēia manawa, hana mamao ʻo ia i kahi ʻoihana liʻiliʻi, e hana ana i ka ʻōnaehana kapua no kahi mea kūʻai aku nui. Makemake e heluhelu a hoʻolohe i ke mele. E pili ana i ka pāʻani, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Alexander makemake ʻo ia i ka pāʻani holoʻokoʻa, makemake ʻo ia i ia mau hana. I ka wā o kahi ninaninau ma kekahi o nā hui aʻu i hana ai i kahi mea like me Hackerrank, he mea hoihoi. - Kahi lua - Roman Suslov.
No Moscow mai ʻo Roman. He 37 ona makahiki. Hana ʻo ia Linux/ʻEnekinia Unix ma Infosystems Jet. Pili kaʻu hana i ka hoʻokele a me ka hoʻoponopono pilikia. LinuxNā ʻōnaehana Unix + SAN. He ʻokoʻa nā makemake: LinuxNā ʻōnaehana, papahana, ʻenekinia hoʻohuli, palekana ʻike, Arduino. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Roman ua hauʻoli ʻo ia i ka pāʻani holoʻokoʻa. "Ua hoʻomaka koʻu noʻonoʻo a ua hoʻomaha iki mai ka hana luhi o kēlā me kēia lā. 🙂 Makemake au i nā pilikia hou aʻe, no ka mea, ma mua o koʻu komo ʻana i ka ʻōniʻoniʻo o nā mea, ua pau mua ka pāʻani." - ʻEkolu - alex3d.
Noho ʻo Alex ma Moscow a hana i ka hoʻomohala polokalamu. "Mahalo iā ʻoe no ka hoʻokūkū, he mea hoihoi ia e hoʻāʻo i kaʻu mau mākau google-fu."
Eia kekahi ma ka helu o nā mea pāʻani maikaʻi loa 10:
- Yevgeniy Saldayev
- Markel Mokhnachevsky
- Konstantin Konosov
- Pavel Sergeev
- ʻO Vladimir Bovaev
- ʻO Ivan Bubnov
- Pavlo Klets
Hoʻomaopopo mākou he nui nā koho no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia āpau; ʻo kekahi o nā hopena hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ma lalo nei.
1. Ka pae mua
Ua kapa mākou iā ia "He admin maoli ʻoe?", No ka mea, maʻalahi ka hana - e hoʻoponopono i kahi lawelawe kukui mahana.
1.1. Nā mea hoihoi:
ʻElua mau mea pāʻani i loaʻa ke kī mua i nā minuke 15 mua o ka pāʻani, a i ka hola mua ua loaʻa iā mākou ʻekolu mau alakaʻi i hoʻopau i ka hana.
1.2. Hoʻoikaika kino
Ua hele ʻoe e hana i kahi ʻoihana no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻohe loea ʻike loea. Ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea, pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia wela e pale ana i ka hana o ke keʻena.
Ua hopu ka wahine hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kaula uila o ke keʻena kikowaena me ka mop. Ua hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka mana, akā ʻaʻole e hana kekahi pūnaewele koʻikoʻi. He mea koʻikoʻi ka pūnaewele no ka mea ʻaʻole hopohopo nui ka ʻoihana e pili ana i ka palekana ʻike, a ma ka ʻaoʻao nui o kēia hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ma ka kikokikona maʻemaʻe ka ʻōlelo huna no ka kamepiula o ka Luna Nui.
I kekahi lā ua hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻōlelo huna, akā poina nā mea a pau i ka mea hou, ʻaʻole hiki i ke alakaʻi ke hana. Aia nā lono he nui aku nā kī ma kēia mīkini e hiki ke kōkua iā mākou e wehewehe i ke kope kope o nā palapala moʻohelu kālā.
Manaʻo nā kānaka a pau i ka hoʻonā koke ʻana o ka pilikia!
1.3. Hoʻonā
1. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka ʻōlelo huna kumu ma ka mīkini virtual e loaʻa ai ke komo iā ia. Ke hoʻomaka ʻoe, e ʻike ʻoe i kēlā Ubuntu Kikowaena 16.04.
No ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana i ka ʻōlelo huna aʻa, e hoʻomaka hou i ka mīkini. I ka wā e hoʻomaka ai, ke hōʻike ʻia ka papa kuhikuhi grub, e hele e hoʻoponopono i ka mea. Ubuntu E kaomi i ke pihi "e". E hoʻoponopono i ka laina "linux" a hoʻohui iā ia i ka hopena. init=/bin/bash. Hoʻouka mākou ma Ctrl + x, loaʻa iā mākou kahi bash. E kau hou i ke kumu me rw, e hoʻololi i ka ʻōlelo huna:
$ mount -o remount,rw /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root
$ passwdMai poina e pili ana i ka sync, reboot.
2. Ke ʻōlelo nei ke kūlana ʻaʻole hana kā mākou kikowaena pūnaewele, e nānā:
$ curl localhost
Not Found
The requested URL / was not found on this server.
Apache/2.4.18 ʻO ia hoʻi, ke holo nei ʻo Apache, akā pane me ka code 404. E nānā kākou i ka config:
$ vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.confAia kekahi kī ma aneʻi - StevenPaulSteveJobs.
Ke nānā nei i ke ala /usr/share/WordPress -ʻaʻohe mea like, akā aia /usr/share/wordpress. Hoʻoponopono i ka config a hoʻomaka hou iā Apache.
$ systemctl restart apache23. E ho'āʻo hou, loaʻa iā mākou ka hewa:
Warning: mysqli_real_connect(): (HY000/2002): Connection refused in /usr/share/wordpress/wp-includes/wp-db.php on line 1488ʻAʻole holo ka waihona?
$ systemctl status mysql
Active: active (running) He aha ka pilikia? Pono mākou e noʻonoʻo. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe e kiʻi i ka MySQL, e like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma . Manaʻo kekahi o nā helu palapala e hoʻopaʻa inoa mākou i ke koho skip-grant-tables в /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf. Aia kekahi kī ma aneʻi - AugustaAdaKingByron.
Hoʻoponopono i nā pono mea hoʻohana 'wp'@'localhost'. Hoʻomaka mākou i ka MySQL, hiki ke loaʻa ma luna o ka pūnaewele, e ʻōlelo ana i ke koho i ka config skip-networking.
4. Ma hope o kēia mau ʻanuʻu, hoʻomaka ke kikowaena pūnaewele, akā ʻaʻole hana ka pūnaewele no ka mea
Warning: require_once(/usr/share/wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/footer.php): failed to open stream: Permission denied in /usr/share/wordpress/wp-includes/template.php on line 562Hoʻoponopono mākou i nā kuleana o ka faila.
$ chmod 644 /usr/share/wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentysixteen/footer.php
Hoʻomaha mākou i ka ʻaoʻao, hele i ka pūnaewele a loaʻa ke kī - BjarneStroustrup! Loaʻa iā mākou nā kī ʻekolu, hiki i kā mākou alakaʻi ke hana, wehe mākou i nā faila helu. Hauʻoli ka poʻe a pau, a he nui kāu mau hana ma mua o kou hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana, backup a me ka palekana i ka hui.
2. Ka lua o ka pae
Pono e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā ʻikepili. Makemake nā kānaka a pau i ka analytics - ʻo wai ka mea hoʻohana, ma hea a me ka nui. Ua hele mai mākou me kahi hihia e hālāwai ai nā ʻenekinia āpau ma kekahi ʻano a i ʻole i ke ola.
2.1. Na Mea Hoihoi
Hoʻokomo kekahi o kā mākou mea pāʻani i ke kī pololei i loko o nā minuke 10 mua o ka pāʻani, a i loko o ka hola mua ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi alakaʻi nāna i hoʻopau i ka hana.
2.2. Hoʻoikaika kino
Ua hele ʻoe e hana ma ka hui, hele mai nā luna iā ʻoe a noi iā ʻoe e ʻimi iā wai i hoʻouna ʻia nā leka mai ʻApelika. Pono mākou e kūkulu i nā helu helu 21 kiʻekiʻe e pili ana iā lākou. ʻO nā leka mua o nā helu wahi o ka poʻe loaʻa ke kī. Hoʻokahi mea: ʻaʻole hoʻouka ʻia ke kikowaena leka i hoʻouna ʻia ai nā leka. Manaʻo nā kānaka a pau i ka hoʻonā koke ʻana o ka pilikia!
2.3. Hoʻonā
1. ʻAʻole paʻa ke kikowaena ma muli o kahi ʻāpana swap ʻaʻole i loaʻa i fstab, i ka wā e hoʻouka ai, hoʻāʻo ka ʻōnaehana e kau a hāʻule. Pehea e pahu ai?
Ke hoʻoiho nei i ke kiʻi, ua hoʻoiho mākou CentOS 7, hoʻomaka mai Live CD/DVD (Troubleshooting -> Rescue), kau i ka ʻōnaehana, hoʻoponopono /etc/fstab. Loaʻa koke iā mākou ke kī mua - GottfriedWilhelm11646Leibniz!
Hana i ka hoʻololi:
$ lvcreate -n swap centos -L 256M
$ sync && reboot2. E like me nā manawa a pau, ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo huna, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka ʻōlelo huna ma ka mīkini virtual. Ua hana mua mākou i kēia ma ka hana mua. Hoʻololi mākou a hoʻokomo maikaʻi i ka kikowaena, akā hele koke i ka reboot. Hoʻonui ʻia ka server i ka wikiwiki a ʻaʻole loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manawa e nānā pono ai i nā lāʻau āpau. Pehea e maopopo ai ka mea e hana nei?
Hoʻomaka hou mākou mai ka livecd, e noʻonoʻo pono i nā log system a, i ka hihia wale nō, e nānā i ka cron, no ka mea, he manawa manawa. Ma laila mākou e ʻike ai i ka pilikia a me ke kī lua - Alan1912MathisonTuring!
Pono i loko /etc/crontab holoi a ʻōlelo paha i ka laina echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger.
3. Ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana o ke kikowaena, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau i ka hana a nā luna: "He aha nā ʻōlelo ma Africa?" Loaʻa kēia ʻike i ka lehulehu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia ʻike ma ka Pūnaewele me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo "ip address africa", "geoip database". No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā ʻikepili hoʻoili helu helu manuahi (geoip). Ua hoʻohana mākou i ka waihona ma ke ʻano he maʻamau , loaʻa ma lalo o ka laikini Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.
E ho'āʻo kākou e hoʻoponopono i kā mākou pilikia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono hana ʻōnaehana wale nō. Linux, akā ma ke ʻano laulā hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ma nā ʻano he nui: me ke kōkua o nā pono hana kānana kikokikona a me ke kōkua o nā palapala i nā ʻōlelo papahana like ʻole.
No ka hoʻomaka ʻana, e kiʻi wale mākou i nā "IP hoʻouna-loaʻa" mai ka leka uila /var/log/maillog (e kūkulu kākou i papa ʻaina o ka poʻe leka uila - sender IP). Hiki ke hana i kēia me kēia kauoha:
$ cat /var/log/maillog | fgrep -e ' connect from' -e 'status=sent' | sed 's/[]<>[]/ /g' | awk '/connect from/ {ip=$11} /status=sent/ {print $10" "ip}' > log1.txtA ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i kahi waihona o nā ʻōlelo a ʻApelika, e nānā kākou i nā helu IP kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻouna.
$ cat log1.txt | cut -d' ' -f1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -r | head -n 40
5206 L2JhbjAbM67GA99jg@mail.ru
4165 iHKTBkegOQa6fIALq@mail.ru
3739 nHkcBl7BdgXxijSYD7@mail.ru
3405 SMAzPJAzbl9vp4hAXo@mail.ru
3346 xILz6d7P@mail.ru
Ma waena o lākou a pau, ʻo nā mea loaʻa mua ʻekolu mai luna mai ke kū nei i ke ʻano o ka helu o nā leka. Inā ʻoe e kiʻi i nā helu IP o nā mea hoʻouna i hoʻouna i nā helu mai kēia 3 kiʻekiʻe, e ʻike ʻoe i ka mana nui o kekahi mau pūnaewele:
$ cat log1.txt | fgrep 'L2JhbjAbM67GA99jg@mail.ru' | cut -d' ' -f2 | sort | cut -d'.' -f1 | uniq -c | sort -r | head
831 105
806 41
782 197
664 196
542 154
503 102
266 156
165 45
150 160
108 165ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pūnaewele 105/8, 41/8, 196/8,197/8 i hāʻawi ʻia iā AFRINIC - kekahi o nā mea kākau inoa pūnaewele ʻelima e hāʻawi ana i nā kumuwaiwai Pūnaewele. Hāʻawi ʻo AFRINIC i nā wahi kikoʻī ma ʻApelika. A ʻo 41/8 e pili ana iā AFRINIC loa.
https://www.nic.ru/whois/?searchWord=105.0.0.0
https://www.nic.ru/whois/?searchWord=41.0.0.0
No laila, ʻo ka pane i ka pilikia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, i loko o ka log ponoʻī.
$ cat log1.txt | fgrep -e '105.' -e '41.' -e '196.' -e '197.' -e '154.' -e '102.' | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -r | head -n 21
4209 L2JhbjAbM67GA99jg@mail.ru
3313 iHKTBkegOQa6fIALq@mail.ru
2704 nHkcBl7BdgXxijSYD7@mail.ru
2215 uvRbp1O@mail.ru
1774 sPmMsmmFiV@mail.ru
1448 BtG3aHgQgCKuze2AKuRH@mail.ru
1233 eQpuuQ2uQdbwRL3@mail.ru
958 nJT5dpaBZ@mail.ru
862 ef4WbQiB@mail.ru
762 dQCqKL6eVminFfH7wLA@mail.ru
632 ifq6Rd1HxuCQOdO9@mail.ru
539 cFwm2ssypMmx1sA7@mail.ru
531 twtTnr4G@mail.ru
431 TSrczgYASrR11Hs3qCi@mail.ru
380 o3r3exc3OL@mail.ru
357 rzmjr2VAHK@mail.ru
348 vnPr6YjJ3ndw@mail.ru
312 anOjFXrwOtLP2Rl1Vcz6@mail.ru
289 dvny5zHmRW8fiT@mail.ru
282 sgg9jPxFDYvzw8Kr@mail.ru
274 tKSevzA7GntJ@mail.ruMa kēia pae e loaʻa iā mākou ka laina "LinuxBenedictTorvadst».
Kī pololei: "LinusBenedictTorvalds".
Loaʻa i ke kaula i loaʻa kahi typo e pili ana i ke kī pololei ma nā huaʻōlelo 3 hope loa. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻolaʻa ʻole ʻia o nā pūnaewele a mākou i koho ai i nā ʻāina ʻApelika a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā leka uila e nā IP address i kā mākou log.
Me nā kikoʻī kūpono o nā pūnaewele nui loa i hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻāina ʻApelika, hiki ke loaʻa kahi pane pololei:
$ cat log1.txt | fgrep -e' '105.{30..255}. -e' '41. -e' '196.{64..47}. -e' '196.{248..132}. -e' '197.{160..31}. -e' '154.{127..255}. -e' '102.{70..255}. -e' '156.{155..255}. | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -r | head -n 21
3350 L2JhbjAbM67GA99jg@mail.ru
2662 iHKTBkegOQa6fIALq@mail.ru
2105 nHkcBl7BdgXxijSYD7@mail.ru
1724 uvRbp1O@mail.ru
1376 sPmMsmmFiV@mail.ru
1092 BtG3aHgQgCKuze2AKuRH@mail.ru
849 eQpuuQ2uQdbwRL3@mail.ru
712 nJT5dpaBZ@mail.ru
584 ef4WbQiB@mail.ru
463 dQCqKL6eVminFfH7wLA@mail.ru
365 ifq6Rd1HxuCQOdO9@mail.ru
269 cFwm2ssypMmx1sA7@mail.ru
225 twtTnr4G@mail.ru
168 TSrczgYASrR11Hs3qCi@mail.ru
142 o3r3exc3OL@mail.ru
111 rzmjr2VAHK@mail.ru
96 vnPr6YjJ3ndw@mail.ru
78 anOjFXrwOtLP2Rl1Vcz6@mail.ru
56 lHzWiB7ExvRtSbAcU9@mail.ru
56 dvny5zHmRW8fiT@mail.ru
40 sgg9jPxFDYvzw8Kr@mail.ru Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pilikia ma kekahi ala ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻoiho iā MaxMind, wehe iā ia, a ʻo nā kauoha ʻekolu aʻe e hoʻoponopono i kā mākou pilikia.
$ cat GeoLite2-Country-Locations-ru.csv | grep "Африка" | cut -d',' -f1 > africaIds.txt
$ grep -Ff africaIds.txt GeoLite2-Country-Blocks-IPv4.csv | cut -d',' -f1 > africaNetworks.txt
$ grepcidr -f africaNetworks.txt log1.txt | cut -d' ' -f1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -r | head -n21
ʻO kekahi ala a i ʻole, ua helu hope mākou i nā helu, a loaʻa i nā luna nā ʻikepili e pono ai lākou e hana!
3. Ke kolu o ka pae
ʻO ke kolu o ka pae e like me ka mua - pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i ka lawelawe kukui mahana, akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea āpau ma mua o ka hana mua.
3.1. Na Mea Hoihoi
I nā minuke 15 mua, ua loaʻa i ʻekolu mau mea pāʻani ke kī mua; 2 mau hola a me 20 mau minuke ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahua, ua hoʻopau ka mea lanakila i ka hana.
3.2. Hoʻoikaika kino
Ua hele ʻoe e hana no kahi hui kahi i mālama ʻia ai nā palapala ʻoihana āpau ma kahi kikowaena Wiki kūloko. I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua kauoha kekahi enekinia i 3 diski hou no ke kikowaena ma kahi o hoʻokahi mea e noho nei, me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana no ka ʻae ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana i ka hewa, pono e hoʻokomo ʻia nā disks i kekahi ʻano o nā arrays. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, he mau pule ma hope o ko lākou hoʻokomo ʻana, ua hele ka ʻenekinia i ka hoʻomaha i India a ʻaʻole i hoʻi mai.
Ua hana ka server me ka ʻole o ka hāʻule ʻana no kekahi mau makahiki, akā i kekahi mau lā i hala aku nei ua hacked ka pūnaewele o ka ʻoihana. Wahi a nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi, ua wehe nā limahana palekana i nā disks mai ka kikowaena a hoʻouna iā lākou iā ʻoe. I ka wā o ka lawe ʻana, ua nalowale hoʻokahi diski.
Pono mākou e hoʻihoʻi i ka hana o Wiki; ʻo ka mea mua, makemake mākou i ka ʻike o nā ʻaoʻao wiki. ʻO kekahi ʻāpana kikokikona ma kekahi o nā ʻaoʻao o kēia wiki, ʻo ia ka ʻōlelo huna no ka server 1C a makemake nui ʻia e wehe iā ia.
Eia kekahi, ma kahi o nā ʻaoʻao wiki a i ʻole ma kahi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā huaʻōlelo no ka server log a me ka server kiaʻi wikiō, makemake ʻia e hoʻihoʻi hou; me ka ʻole o lākou, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokolokolo i ka hanana. E like me nā manawa a pau, ke manaʻo nei mākou i ka hoʻonā wikiwiki o ka pilikia!
3.3. Hoʻonā
1. Ke ho'āʻo nei mākou e hoʻopaʻa i kēlā me kēia mai nā disks i loaʻa iā mākou a ma nā wahi āpau e loaʻa iā mākou ka leka like:
No bootable medium found! System halted
Pono wau e hoʻomaka mai kahi mea. Eia hou, kōkua ka hoʻomaka ʻana mai kahi Live CD/DVD (Troubleshooting -> Rescue). I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hoʻāʻo wau e ʻimi i ka ʻāpana hoʻomaka, akā ʻaʻole ia e hana, a pau wau i loko o kahi pūpū. Hoʻāʻo wau e noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hana nei me nā disks. ʻIke wau he ʻekolu o lākou. Nui nā mea hana no kēia ma ka mana 7. CentOS, kahi i loaʻa ai nā hui blkid ai ole ia, lsblk, e hōʻike iā mākou i nā ʻike āpau e pili ana i nā disks.
Pehea a me kā mākou hana:
$ ls /dev/sd*Ua maopopo koke ia
/dev/sdb1 - ext4
/dev/sdb2 - часть lvm
/dev/sda1 и /dev/sdc1 - части рейда
/dev/sda2 и /dev/sdc2 - про них ничего не известно на текущий моментHoʻopaʻa mākou iā sdb1, ua maopopo he ʻāpana boot kēia. CentOS 6.
$ mkdir /mnt/sdb1 && mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1ʻIke loa, hele mākou i ka ʻāpana grub a ʻike i ke kī mua ma laila - James191955Gosling i kahi faila maʻamau.
2. Aʻo mākou i nā pvs a me nā lvs, ʻoiai mākou e hana pū me LVM. ʻIke mākou he 2 mau puke kino, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kekahi a hoʻopiʻi e pili ana i kahi uid nalowale. ʻIke mākou he 2 mau puʻupuʻu kūpono: ke kumu a me ka swap, ʻoiai ua nalowale ke kumu (ke ʻano P o ka leo). ʻAʻole hiki ke kau, he mea minamina! Pono mākou iā ia.
Aia he 2 mau disks, nānā mākou iā lākou, hōʻuluʻulu a kau iā lākou:
$ mdadm --examine --verbose --scan
$ mdadm --assemble --verbose --scan
$ mkdir /mnt/md127 && mount /dev/md127 /mnt/md127 E nānā kākou, ua maopopo he ʻāpana boot kēia. CentOS 6 a me kahi kope o ka mea i hana mua ʻia /dev/sdb1, a eia hou ke kī like - DennisBMacAlistairCRitchie!
E ʻike kākou pehea i hui ʻia ai /dev/md127.
$ mdadm --detail /dev/md127
ʻIke mākou ua ʻākoakoa ʻia mai nā diski 4, akā ua ʻākoakoa ʻia mai ʻelua /dev/sda1 и /dev/sdc1, he mau helu 2 a me 4 i loko o ka ʻōnaehana. Manaʻo mākou mai /dev/sda2 и /dev/sdc2 Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili i kahi laha. ʻAʻole maopopo i ke kumu ʻaʻohe metadata ma luna o lākou, akā aia kēia ma ka lunamanaʻo o ka admin, aia ma kahi o Goa. Manaʻo mākou e loaʻa iā RAID10, ʻoiai aia nā koho. ʻOhi mākou:
$ mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --assume-clean --level=10 --raid-devices=4 missing /dev/sda2 missing /dev/sdc2
Nānā mākou i ka blkid, pvs, lvs. ʻIke mākou ua hōʻiliʻili mākou i kahi leo kino i nele mua mākou.
Ua hoʻoponopono koke ʻia ʻo lvroot, kau mākou iā ia, akā hoʻāla mua iā VG:
$ vgchange -a y
$ mkdir /mnt/lvroot && mount /dev/mapper/vg_c6m1-lv_root /mnt/lvroot
A aia nā mea a pau, me ke kī ma ka papa kuhikuhi home root - /root/sweet.
3. Ke hoʻāʻo nei mākou e hoʻōla i kā mākou kikowaena i hoʻomaka maʻamau. ʻO nā puke kūpono a pau mai kā mākou /dev/md0 (kahi i loaʻa iā mākou nā mea a pau) kauo iā ia i /dev/sdb2, kahi i hana mua ai ke kikowaena holoʻokoʻa.
$ pvmove /dev/md0 /dev/sdb2
$ vgreduce vg_c6m1 /dev/md0Hoʻopau mākou i ke kikowaena, wehe i nā disks 1 a me 3, haʻalele i ka lua, kāʻei mai ka Live CD / DVD i Rescue. E ʻimi i ka ʻāpana boot a hoʻihoʻi i ka bootloader ma grub:
root (hd0,0)
setup (hd0)
Wehe mākou i ka disk boot a hoʻouka maikaʻi, akā ʻaʻole hana ka pūnaewele.
4. ʻElua mau koho no ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi pūnaewele: hoʻonohonoho iā Apache mai ka ʻohi ʻana a i ʻole hoʻohana i ka nginx me php-fpm i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia:
$ /etc/init.d/nginx start
$ /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
ʻO ka hope, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka i ka MySQL:
$ /etc/init.d/mysqld start ʻAʻole e hoʻomaka, a aia ka pane /var/log/mysql. Ke hoʻopau koke ʻoe i ka pilikia me MySQL, e hana ka pūnaewele, ma ka ʻaoʻao nui e loaʻa kahi kī - RichardGCCMatthewGNUStallman! I kēia manawa ua loaʻa iā mākou ka 1C, a hiki i nā limahana ke loaʻa i kā lākou uku. A e like me nā manawa a pau, he nui kāu mau hana ma mua e hoʻokumu i ka ʻoihana a me ka palekana i ka hui.
Hiki iā mākou ke kaʻana hou i kahi papa inoa o nā puke i kōkua iā mākou a me kā mākou poʻe hui e hoʻomākaukau no ka pāʻani: .
Mahalo no kou noho pū ʻana me mākou! E hoʻomau no nā hoʻolaha o nā pāʻani e hiki mai ana!
Source: www.habr.com
