ae' o ia nō kahiko. ʻO Mei i hala aku nei, ʻo ka honua decentralized social network Fediverse (English – Fediverse) 11 makahiki! ʻO nā makahiki he nui i hala aku nei, ua paʻi ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka papahana Identi.ca i kāna pou mua.
I kēia manawa, ua kākau kekahi kanaka inoa ʻole ma kahi kumuwaiwai kaulana: "ʻO ka pilikia me Fediverse ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻelua a me ka hapa eli e pili ana.".
He pilikia lapuwale. E hoʻoponopono kākou! A, i ka manawa like, e hoʻāʻo mākou e hoʻopau i kekahi mau moʻolelo (a hoʻoikaika i kekahi mau kaʻao).
*No ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ke kiʻi, pono paha e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho e pili ana iā Fediverse, me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hapa nui o ia mea i ka wā kahiko.
E hoʻomaka kākou me ka moʻolelo hoʻopaʻapaʻa loa.
Manaʻo #1: <Ka inoa o kekahi hui> ʻaʻole e hāʻawi i ka pōʻino e pili ana i nā haunaele āpau me nā "ʻokoʻa" decentralized.
I kekahi manawa, he ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia ʻōlelo. E like me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e like me ka ʻōlelo a Mahatma Gandhi: "ʻAʻole lākou e nānā iā ʻoe, a laila ʻakaʻaka lākou iā ʻoe, a laila hakakā lākou me ʻoe, a laila lanakila ʻoe".
ʻAʻole pili ke kumuhana o ka decentralization i kekahi. I ka hopena o 2018, ua haʻi ka mea nāna i hana i ka World Wide Web, ʻo Tim Berners-Lee, e pili ana i kāna hoʻolālā e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pūnaewele me kahi papahana hou. . Me he mea lā, no ke aha e nānā pono ʻole ai i nā ʻoihana pūnaewele federated me kahi protocol , i hoʻohālikelike ʻia , ʻo ia ke poʻo e Mr. Berners-Lee?
I Iulai 2019, ua hui ʻo Apple i ka Facebook, Twitter, Google a me Microsoft data migration project . He aha ka pili o Fediverse me ia? Ma ka waihona papahana, me Twitter, Instagram, Facebook (a me Solid), e ʻike ʻoe no ka pūnaewele hui . ʻAʻole maikaʻi no kahi pūnaewele mālama ʻole.
I ʻOkakopa 2019, ua hoʻolaha ka mea hoʻokumu Wikipedia ʻo Jimmy Wales i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi "ʻokoʻa no Facebook a me Twitter" - , he kahua hoʻolaha hoʻolaha ʻole ʻia e nā haʻawina mea hoʻohana. Hoʻomanaʻo kēia mau loina i nā pūnaewele hui, ʻoiai ua wikiwiki nā mea hoʻohana Twitter e haʻi iā Mr. ʻO kēlā e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka protocol ActivityPub a hoʻolaha ma hope e wehe ʻia ke code no ka WT: Social project ma lalo o ka laikini GPLv3. Nui!
I Kekemapa 2019, mea hana Twitter Jack Dorsey e pili ana i ka manaʻo o ka hui e hoʻokomo i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi helu decentralized maʻamau no nā ʻoihana pūnaewele, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka lawelawe Twitter. He nui nā mea hoʻohenehene e pili ana i kēia ma nā pūnaewele Fediverse e pili ana i ka manaʻo o Dorsey i hoʻoholo e clone i ka Mastodon federated network. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he mahina ma mua o kā Dorsey i ʻōlelo ai ma Twitter i ka mooolelo hoʻolaha kūhelu o ka pūnaewele Mastodon. No laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻike i ke ola ʻana. Mea hoʻomohala Mastodon maikaʻi e pili ana i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻopili ʻana iā Twitter i nā pūnaewele Fediversity (ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā kūlana kūpono ʻole).
I kēia manawa he nīnau no ka poʻe heluhelu: i ka manawa hea kou manaʻo aia ʻo Fediverse i loko o ka wehewehe ʻana a Mahatma Gandhi?
Manaʻo #2: Hoʻohana ʻia nā pūnaewele hui e ka hapa nui o 10 mau haole a me 100 bots. Ua make nā papahana! ʻAʻohe hoʻomohala! ʻAʻohe mea paʻi!
Hoʻomaka koke wau e hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā ʻoe: ua loaʻa hou nā sticker i loko o kahi pūnaewele hui , kekahi o ka ulu wikiwiki loa e pili ana i ka helu o nā kikowaena. Ua kākau ʻia ke code papahana ma ka ʻōlelo Elixir a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia no nā kaiāulu liʻiliʻi (hiki iā ʻoe ke holo maʻalahi i kahi node ma kekahi Beaglebone a i ʻole Raspberry Pi).
Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia nā lono e pili ana i ka make ʻana o nā papahana federal. ʻAe, pūnaewele microblogging ʻO GNU Social, i noho ʻia mai ka makahiki 2010, ua pau i ka wā kahiko. A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻouna i kahi leka lehulehu ʻole, no ka mea ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona ma ka kikoʻī protocol OStatus. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua puni ʻo GNU Social no hoʻokahi makahiki i kēia manawa ma ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka protocol ActivityPub.
E nānā kākou i nā ʻoihana hou e hoʻomohala ikaika nei.
ʻO ka papahana hui lanakila loa (no kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o Twitter i ka hana), i Ianuali o ka makahiki i hala hāʻawi , i manaʻo ʻia no nā papahana "hou, up-and-coming". Eia kekahi, he kākoʻo kālā paʻa ka papahana ma Patreon. Ma 2019 Keybase ka hoʻohui pū ʻana me Mastodon, ka mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia mai nā mea hoʻohana. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ma ka polokalamu open source, he koho kēia a hoʻoholo ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka luna hoʻomalu.
Loaʻa iā Mastodon kekahi mau mea hoihoi: me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻokolohua (ʻo ia ka mea i ʻae pinepine ʻia i loko o ka lālā nui o ka papahana Mastodon), , ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke kaha ʻana i nā pou. He mea kūpono hoʻi e nānā pono i nā mea hoʻopili ʻē aʻe, me и .
Inā hele ʻoe, mai poina e hui pū me mākou .
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea he nui e pili ana iā Mastodon ma ka pūnaewele, no laila e neʻe kākou.
- hoʻolaha wikiō decentralized a me ke kahua hoʻolaha wikiō - i hana ʻia e ke kaiāulu ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa no YouTube/Vimeo. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka papahana ma ka paʻi paʻi ʻana iā Google, i ka makahiki 2018 i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mooolelo o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻohālike Blender 3D. A laila nā mea hoihoi kāu PeerTube pono'ī, i loaʻa i kēia lā. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka papahana ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i kahi pūnaewele o nā mea hoʻolako wikiō pili, kūʻokoʻa i nā mea pāʻani mākeke nui. No ka hoʻomāmā i ka ukana ma nā kikowaena, kākoʻo ka paepae i ka hoʻolaha wikiō peer-to-peer me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā WebRTC: inā nānā kekahi mau mea hoʻohana i kahi wikiō ma ka polokalamu kele pūnaewele, ʻoiai ke wehe ʻia ka pā, kōkua nā mea hoʻohana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻike.
Nā lā ma mua hoʻokuʻu ʻia o ka mana 2.0. Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā wikiō mai PeerTube mai ka pūnaewele Mastodon (100% ʻike) a me kekahi mau pūnaewele Fediversity (hiki i nā pōpoki).
Hoʻopuka nā mea ʻōlelo Lūkini ma PeerTube e pili ana i ka moʻolelo o Fediverse mai . E hoʻolohe pono!
- e like me Instagram, ʻaʻohe kiʻi o nā kui (ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i kēia manawa)! Pāhana i kēia manawa hāʻawi kālā mai ka hui ʻEulopa no ka hoʻomohala hou aʻe i ka makahiki i hala ua hoʻonui i ka helu o nā nodes i 100+. ʻO Federates me ka hapa nui o nā pūnaewele Fediverse.
- kahi ʻokoʻa i Grooveshark a me Deezer. Kākau ʻia ma Python, papahana hui pū ʻia me ka pūnaewele Mastodon e like me Dekemaba i ka makahiki i hala. Hāʻawi ka paepae iā ʻoe e hana i nā papa mele, hoʻolohe i nā koho mele a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ("radio"), a launa pū me nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻoiho a kaʻana like i nā hoʻopaʻa leo ma ka palena palena, no ka laʻana, e pale i nā pilikia kope.
He kahua moʻomanaʻo moʻomanaʻo kūleʻa i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. ʻIke ʻia ua luhi nā mea hoʻohana Mastodon i ka palena ʻano 500. Hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao a i ʻole, ua loaʻa koke ka papahana i ka kaulana i nā pōʻai liʻiliʻi - 200+ mau kikowaena ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki - a ma muli o ka mālama ʻana i kahi node uku (no ka poʻe palaualelo e hānai i kā lākou iho a me nā mea a pau e makemake e kōkua kālā. ) hiki e pili ana i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea hoʻomohala Go hou ma ke kumu ʻaelike. I Iune 2019, nā mea hoʻomohala kernel Linux lawelawe blog hou , nona ka polokalamu WriteFreely ma lalo o ka puʻu. Hiki ke heluhelu ʻia nā pou ma kēia kahua mai Pleroma a me kekahi mau pūnaewele Fediverse.
- kahi hoʻonui protocol federated-extension o ActivityPub, e hāʻawi i ka hui ma waena o nā ʻōnaehana mana mana. Ma mua ua kapa ʻia ka papahana .
Nā mea hoihoi hou aku - no ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i nā hālāwai, nā hanana, nā hālāwai kūkā. Hana ʻia e ka hui ma muli o nā hopena o ka hoʻopukapuka kālā kūleʻa , e pani ana kēia kahua i ka MeetUp, nā pūʻulu Facebook a me nā hoʻonā kikowaena ʻē aʻe. Hooray!
I ka mua ʻōlelo ʻia nā pūnaewele , и . I kēia lā, ua hoʻokō nā pūnaewele ʻekolu i ka protocol ActivityPub a ua hui pū me ka hapa nui o nā pūnaewele federated, ʻoiai e mālama ana i ka pono o kahi hui me kahi pūnaewele nui (ma ka helu o nā moʻokāki). . E ʻōlelo kekahi ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā protocols he mea pōʻino. Ma muli o ka hana like ʻole, ʻo ka hōʻoia ʻana i kahi hui paʻa me nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe a pau he hana ʻole. Eia naʻe, hiki nō.
mau ' i manaʻo ʻia he maʻalahi loa ke aʻo ʻana no nā mea hoʻohana Facebook. E hoʻopaʻapaʻa wau me kēia (ʻoiai ke ʻike nei au i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o Facebook me ka maʻalahi ʻole). Nā leka palena ʻole, nā kiʻi kiʻi, nā memo pilikino - ʻo ka palena liʻiliʻi i manaʻo ʻia mai kahi ʻoihana pūnaewele ma aneʻi. Pono maoli ka papahana i kahi mea hoihoi mua (ʻo ia wale nō ka mea i loaʻa i ka hui nā mea hoʻomohala hope wale nō) - ʻo wai ka makemake e hui pū me ka open source?
- ʻaʻole ka pūnaewele intuitive loa (Ke kono nei au i nā mea a pau e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka interface). Akā hāʻawi ka paepae i kahi ākea o nā manawa kūpono e hana ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana pūnaewele, forum, hui kūkākūkā, Wiki a me ka pūnaewele. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu hou loa i ka hopena o 2019. Ma kahi o ka ActivityPub a me nā protocols diaspora, ua hui pū ʻia ʻo Hubzilla i loko o ka pūnaewele me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāna protocol ponoʻī. , mahalo i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ʻelua mau hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa i Fediverse. ʻO ka mea mua, aia ka hōʻoia hope-a-hope "Nomadic Identity". ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka hana cloning mooolelo e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi "backup" o nā ʻikepili āpau (nā leka, nā leka, nā leka) ma kahi kikowaena ʻē aʻe - pono inā hele koke ka server nui ma waho. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi mea hoʻohana i kahi kikowaena kikoʻī (a me ka paʻakikī o ka neʻe hou ʻana i kahi mea hou) he wahi nāwaliwali ia o nā pūnaewele hui. Ua hōʻike kekahi mau papahana Fediverse i ka makemake e hoʻokō i ka protocol Zot, akā i kēia manawa i ka pae o nā kamaʻilio. I kēia manawa, e pili ana i ka hoʻohālikelike kūhelu o ka protocol Zot i loko o ka W3C.
Hubzilla hui kaiaulu ʻōlelo Lūkini (hiki iā ʻoe ke kau inoa iā ia mai nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe i hui pū ʻia ʻo Hubzilla).
- he pūnaewele hui pū me kahi mea maʻalahi e hoʻomanaʻo ana iā Pinterest a i ʻole Tumblr. ʻOi loa kūpono no ka ʻike maka (nā kiʻi, nā kiʻi). ʻO ka mea hoʻomohala papahana, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i kahi hui waiwai ʻole no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā paepae hui , he nui nā manawa hoihoi i hoʻolālā ʻia. Ke ulu mālie nei ka pūnaewele, ke nānā nei mākou i nā hanana.
- hiki ke ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi e pili ana i kēia papahana, koe wale nō ke kūkulu ʻia nei e kahi limahana mua o VKontakte a me Telegram, a ma ke ʻano, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi clone o VKontakte. He mea maikaʻi loa ia: ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia ka hana o nā kaiāulu i nā pūnaewele federated. ʻAʻole i paʻi ʻia ke code papahana, akā ua hui pū ʻia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia nā pūnaewele āpau i hana i Fediverse. Makemake nui nā polokalamu polokalamu e kākau i kā lākou mau mana ponoʻī, no laila i ka makahiki 2019 wale nō, 13 mau papahana hou. E nānā i ka papa inoa o nā pūnaewele Fediverse , a hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu e pili ana i nā hopena o 2019 .
Ke hoʻi nei i ka moʻolelo, no 2019 ma Fediverse ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona mau mea hoʻohana hou i hoʻohui ʻia. No laila, ma hope o nā mea a pau, aia ma mua o 10 mau haole ma laila.
Myth #3 (ʻoi loa ka ikaika): ʻaʻohe mea e pono i kēia mau mea a pau!
A eia, e ka mea heluhelu, ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hoʻohuli iā ʻoe me ka kikokikona. Ua like ia me ka wehewehe ʻana i ka ʻono o ka meloni i ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo.
ʻŌlelo maikaʻi (nui) mai kahi mea hana kaulana ma ka Pāremata ʻEulopa i Nowemapa 2019, kahi āna nā ʻelele o ka poʻe, he aha nā pilikia nui o ka hoʻokele EU o kēia manawa i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā ʻoihana kikowaena a me nā hoʻomaka, a he aha nā mea maikaʻi o nā ʻupena hui wehe. Paipai au i ka nānā ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻo Aral iā ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i nā pūnaewele federated, a laila ʻaʻole wau.
E nānā pū i nā hoʻopaʻa leo o nā hana mai , i mālama ʻia ma ʻAukake ma Prague. Ua hauʻoli loa ka hanana, ua hoʻonohonoho wikiwiki ʻia ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā mea a pau ka manawa e kūʻai ai i nā tiketi a hele mai. ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi hālāwai kūkā hou no nā pūnaewele federated āpau (ʻaʻole wale ActivityPub) ma 2020 ma Barcelona. no ka nūhou e pili ana i ka hanana.
ʻO kekahi mau loulou pono:
- Paena alakaʻi ʻo Federated Networks –
- Helu helu kikowaena –
- Heluhelu o nā papahana federal -
- Heluhelu hou aku -
- ʻIke pili pili -
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo kahi kiʻi e hoʻowalewale iā ʻoe he pepa hoʻolaha mai ka ʻaha kūkā ʻo Chaos Computer Club i ka makahiki i hala.
E ʻike iā ʻoe ma Fediverse!
Makemake au e haʻi aku i koʻu mahalo i ke Kauka no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia ʻatikala a me nā hoʻoponopono pono, a iā Maxim mai ka hui Hubzilla no kāna mau hoʻohui..
Source: www.habr.com