Monopoly, hoʻomāinoino i ka mana a me ka makemake pilikino a i ʻole ka lima kōkua i loko o ke kai o ka spam? Ua kamaʻilio nā Lunamakaʻāinana mai kekahi mau hui pūnaewele me ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻenehana ʻo Lars "Ghandy" Sobiraj e kūkākūkā i ka papahana Spamhaus hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Hoʻopili ʻia ka nānā ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻoki.
ʻO wai nā Spamhaus Project
Hōʻike ka ʻimi wikiwiki ma ka pūnaewele ʻo Spamhaus kahi hui waiwai ʻole honua i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1998. Eia naʻe, e like me ka CIO mua (heluhelu: haʻiʻōlelo) o ka hui, ʻo Richard Cox, Spamhaus he British Limited Company. I ka manawa i paʻi ʻia ai ka hālāwai ninaninau me Cox (2011), aia ke keʻena poʻo o Spamhaus ma Geneva. Eia naʻe, kū'ē, kū'ē a pohihihi nā ʻike āpau e pili ana i ka ʻoihana.
ʻO Sven Olaf von Kamphuis (ma hope aku i kapa ʻia ʻo SOvK), kekahi o nā mea hoʻokumu o Cyberbunker, e kamaʻilio e pili ana iā Spamhaus ma ke ʻano unflattering hiki. Wahi a ia, ua hala ʻole ʻo Mr. Cox i kāna hana no nā makahiki he 20, inā e ola ana kēia kanaka. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Mr. Stephen John Linford a me kāna wahine ʻo Myra Peters wale nō ka mana o ka papahana. Eia kekahi, e like me ka ʻōlelo a SOvK, ʻaʻole pono nā hui waiwai ʻole i kahi noho ma Seychelles a i ʻole Mauritius. ʻAʻole maopopo i ka mea hoʻokumu ʻo Cyberbunker ke kumu e aloha nui ai ka poʻe nūpepa i ka papahana - ʻo ka ʻoihana media ke kuleana nui no nā pilikia e pili ana me Spamhaus. Hoʻopuka pinepine ʻia nā ʻike āpau a ka papahana i nā paʻi ʻenehana me ka ʻole o ka hōʻoia ʻana, hoʻomau ʻo SOvK.
ʻO Spamhaus Project Twitter moʻokāki, kokoke i 4000 mau mea hahai
ʻO ka luna kānāwai a me ka mea hoʻopaʻi i hoʻokahi kanaka me ka ʻole o ka mana kānāwai e hana pēlā
ʻO ka mea e hopu koke ai i kou maka: no ka nui a me ke kūpono o ka hana a ka hui, ʻaʻohe kumu kānāwai o ka Spamhaus no kā lākou mau hana. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia kā lākou mau hana e ka mokuʻāina a i ʻole nā mana kūpono: ʻo SOvK e kālele ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ʻo Spamhaus he lālā o RIPE (Réseaux IP Européens he mea hoʻoponopono ʻEulopa e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa inoa a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ma ka Pūnaewele). Eia naʻe, i ka honua o waho, ʻo ka manaʻo ʻo Spamhaus kahi ʻano o "nā mākaʻi pūnaewele", ʻoiai, hōʻike ʻo Campuis, ʻo ka ʻoihana ponoʻī "pono i kekahi mākaʻi." Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻo ia ʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka hapa nui o ka ʻikepili ma ka pūnaewele Spamhaus he kānāwai ʻole a hōʻole i nā kuleana pale ʻikepili. Pono e pāpā ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻike āpau e pili ana i nā spammers ma ka papahana. ʻO ka pilikia, e like me SOvK, ʻo ia ka paʻi ʻana o ka ʻikepili pilikino i ka Register of Known Spam Operations (ROKSO). Pono e pale ʻia kēia ʻikepili e like me nā ʻike pilikino ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻike o nā waihona Spamhaus ma ke kānāwai.
ʻO ke kūlana o Roskomndazor ma Spamhaus ma RusiaMa ke ala, e pili ana i ke kānāwai o nā hana o ka papahana. Mai me nā wehewehe e pili ana iā Spamhaus mai Roskomnadzor e pili ana i kā lākou hana ma ka Russian Federation he kānāwai ʻole:
Me ka ʻokoʻa o ke komo ʻana i ka pūnaewele i loko o ka Register ma ke kumu o ke kānāwai ʻike, kahi hoʻoholo a i ʻole nā kikoʻī o kahi ʻaelike me kahi mea kākau inoa (mea hoʻohana) o nā lawelawe kamaʻilio telematic a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke komo ʻana i ka pūnaewele (network) ( me ke noi a ka hui Spamhaus), ʻAʻole loaʻa i ka mea lawelawe kelepona.
Inā ʻae ʻole ka mea hoʻohana telematics i ke komo ʻana i kahi pūnaewele (network) i kahi mea kākau inoa (mea hoʻohana) o nā lawelawe kamaʻilio telematic, aia nā hana a ka mea hoʻohana i nā hōʻailona o ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻaelike me ka mea kākau inoa.
Pehea i hiki mai ai: ʻO Cyberbunker e kūʻē i ka "mākaʻi pūnaewele"
I ka makahiki 2013, ua piʻi aʻe ka hakakā ma waena o ka hoʻolaha pūnaewele ma lalo o Cyberbunker a me Spamhaus. ʻO Spamhaus, ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Switzerland, ua kau ʻo Cyberbunker ma kāna papa inoa ʻeleʻele ma muli o nā hana kānalua o kāna mau mea kūʻai aku a hoʻolaha i ka lehulehu. Ma hope o kēia, ua loaʻa kekahi o nā hōʻeha DDoS nui loa ma ka mōʻaukala pūnaewele: Ua hoʻopuʻi ʻia ʻo Spamhaus.org me nā ʻōpala kikohoʻe ma ka wikiwiki o 75 Gbps. Ma muli o kona nui, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana ua hoʻopau pōkole i ka holo pūnaewele puni honua. I ʻApelila 2013, ʻo SOvK, ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, e noho ana ma Sepania i kēlā manawa, loaʻa kahi kipa mai nā mākaʻi kūloko. Ua hao ʻia nā kamepiula, nā mea hoʻopaʻa waihona a me nā kelepona paʻa o ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ka loio ʻo Mr K.
ʻO ka papahana Spamhaus he puke me nā sila ʻehiku
Ma waho o ka hihia Cyberbunker, ua hoʻāʻo mākou e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka papahana Spamhaus, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maopopo ia mai ka ʻike ma kā lākou pūnaewele ponoʻī. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā nīnau i hoʻouna ʻia i ka leka uila mai ka hopena o Ianuali 2020. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mr Campuis he ʻoihana hoʻokahi ʻo Spamhaus i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, akā ua kāpae ʻia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2020. ʻAʻohe kumu aloha o nā hui i koe. ʻO ka mea hāʻawi i luna a me ka mea hoʻokele iwi kuamoʻo, SquareFlow, hoʻopiʻi iā Spamhaus. Hāʻawi ʻo SquareFlow i nā lawelawe like iā Cogent, HE, GTT, LibertyGlobal a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma o ka hoʻokipa ʻana i nā lawelawe VPN. Ua pane ʻelua mau luna o ka SquareFlow Group i kā mākou noi ma Malaki 1, 2020:
ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokuʻu wale i ka mea kūʻai aku, e hōʻole ana i nā lawelawe āpau, ma muli wale nō o ka manaʻo o Spamhaus he hewa lākou. Ma lalo o ka net neutrality, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoholo inā he hewa a ʻaʻole ʻole ka hele ʻana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i ka packet hohonu, akā naʻe, e hōʻeha koʻikoʻi i ka pilikino o kā mākou mea kūʻai aku a me kā lākou mea hoʻohana. Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei mākou e ke kānāwai, ʻaʻole ma ka manaʻo o kahi hui ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e makemake e kuhikuhi i ka Pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa i ʻae ʻia e hana ma ka pūnaewele a ʻaʻole. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe o mākou hōʻike, nā kauoha a ka ʻaha, a i ʻole nā kumu ʻē aʻe e manaʻoʻiʻo ai ke hana nei kā mākou mea kūʻai aku i nā hana ʻino.
No ka mea ʻaʻole mākou i hui pū me Spamhaus, ua hoʻāʻo lākou e hōʻino i ka inoa o kā mākou hui, nā mea hoʻolako a me nā hoa hana. ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou a i ʻole kā mākou mea kūʻai ke kuleana no nā kānalua.
E hooweliweli, e ao aku, e hookaawale ikaika
ʻO kā lākou hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻohuli i nā pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono ʻia he hoʻopaʻi, he hana hewa ia ma nā ʻāina āpau o EU. Ua nui nā hihia kahi i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ai ʻo Spamhaus i nā pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa o nā mea hoʻolako ma muli o kahi mea kūʻai aku, e koi ana iā lākou e hoʻōki i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā mea makemake ʻole. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou ʻo ka pilikino ʻikepili a me ka inoa ʻole nā kuleana kanaka. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole mākou e hahai makapō i nā koi kūpono ʻole o Spamhaus a i ʻole kekahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo nei e kuhikuhi i nā huaʻōlelo. Ma muli o kā lākou hana, ua hoʻomaka mākou e hana i kā lākou mau hana ʻoihana.
Ke kākoʻo pū nei mākou i kā mākou mau hoa pili i nā hoʻopiʻi kū'ē iā Spamhaus, no ka mea, ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Spamhaus e koi iā mākou e hoʻōki i ka lawelawe ʻana i kekahi mau mea kūʻai aku ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i kā mākou mau hoa a me nā mea hoʻolako, e haʻi ana iā mākou he poʻe lawehala no ka hoʻokō ʻole ʻana i kā lākou mau noi, ʻo ia hoʻi he hōʻino i ka mana. Manaʻo mākou ʻo kā lākou neʻe ʻana i Andorra e pili ana i kā lākou hana hewa i hakakā me ka ʻōnaehana kānāwai Pelekane.
Me ka mahalo.
Pūʻulu SquareFlow - Nā Pili Aupuni
Ma ka inoa o ka papa alakaʻi: Wim B., Florian B.
Ke neʻe nei i Spamhaus i Andorra
Aia ka papahana Spamhaus ma Andorra, kahi ʻāina liʻiliʻi ma nā Pyrenees, e like me Wikipedia, ua ʻike nui ʻia no kāna mau hōkele ski, nā hale kūʻai duty-free a me ke kūlana ʻauhau. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ʻo Andorra kahi ʻāpana o ka EU; ʻo nā pilina ma waena o Andorra a me ka European Union e hoʻomalu wale ʻia e nā kuʻikahi.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ʻike e pili ana i ka hui hou e pili ana me Spamhaus, akā ua hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa ka ʻike aʻu e pono ai mai ka EUIPO (European Union Intellectual Property Office). Hōʻike ka ʻikepili EUIPO aia i kahi hui i kapa ʻia ʻo Spamhaus IP Holdings SLU i kēia manawa nona ka inoa inoa inoa 005703401, me ka lā hoʻopaʻa inoa inoa o Pepeluali 8, 2007. Ua waiho ʻia ka palapala hoʻopaʻa inoa e Boyes Turner LLP.
Nā kikoʻī hoʻopaʻa inoa Spamhaus Trademark
Ua hūnā ʻia nā pilina no nā kumu maopopo.
Hoʻomaopopo mai ka mea unuhiPaʻakikī loa ka ʻimi ʻana i kekahi mea e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao kānāwai o Spamhaus. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻike i loaʻa ma ka ʻili he ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole. ʻO kaʻike wale nō i loaʻa ma ka pūnaewele o Spamhaus pono'ī e pili ana i kahi o ka hui e pili ana i ka hōʻailona - ka hua'ōlelo "Spamhaus", i hoʻopaʻa inoaʻia ma ka EU.
ROKSO ma ke ano he kuia
ʻIke loa, ʻo ka pahuhopu o ka papahana Spamhaus ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻolaha spam. E like me ka mea i haʻi mua ʻia, mālama ʻia nā ʻikepili e pili ana i nā spammers i ka waihona ROKSO. Eia naʻe, no ka lehulehu o kēia waihona, hoʻokomo maoli ʻo Spamhaus i nā mea kānalua a pau ma ka papa hilahila. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka nui o ka ʻikepili pilikino i loko o ka waihona, aia pū kekahi me nā memo mai ka poʻe i paʻi ʻia me ka ʻole o ka censorship. A no ka noho ʻana o Spamhaus ma waho o ka EU, ʻaʻohe hopena no ka hui mai ka GDPR.
Mālama maoli ʻo ROKSO i kahi moʻolelo o nā hana kānalua a pau, inā he spam maoli a i ʻole he hewa maʻalahi. No laila, ʻaʻohe nīnau o ka manaʻo hewa ʻole. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopili koke i ka hui. ʻAʻohe helu kelepona, leka uila a i ʻole kahi palapala hoʻopili no ke kākoʻo o ka mea kūʻai aku ma kā lākou pūnaewele. Hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau ʻike ma ka nānā pono ʻana i ka FAQ. Ua hoʻāʻo wau e hoʻopili pololei i ka hui: mai ka hopena o Ianuali 2020 a hiki i ka paʻi ʻana o ka ʻatikala [note: ʻApelila 6 o ia makahiki], ʻaʻohe pane i loaʻa i kahi noi hoʻokahi.
Ka hoʻohewa ʻana i ka Spamhaus blacklist (SBL) mai ka lawelawe VPN nVPN
Hoʻohewa ka mea lawelawe VPN nVpn i ka papahana no nā kumu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka Papa inoa ʻEleʻele Spamhaus (SBL) kahi ʻikepili i hoʻonui mau ʻia o nā helu IP. Manaʻo ikaika ʻo Spamhaus ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka leka uila mai nā helu wahi i loko o ka waihona. Ua ʻōlelo pū ka hui e hiki ke loaʻa kēia waihona i ka manawa maoli. Ma ka pūnaewele Spamhaus, ua ʻōlelo ka ʻāpana SBL i ka papa inoa ʻeleʻele "ʻae i nā luna hoʻomalu leka uila e ʻike, hae, a i ʻole ke kāohi ʻana i nā pilina komo mai nā IP address a Spamhaus i hoʻoholo ai e pili me ka hoʻouna ʻana, hoʻokipa, a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i ka leka uila nui ʻole." Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻia e mālama ʻia ka waihona SBL e kahi hui hoʻolaʻa o nā mea noiʻi a me nā ʻepekema forensic mai 10 mau ʻāina e hana a puni ka uaki e nānā i nā pilikia pili i ka spam. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i wehewehe ʻia ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana, ka nānā ʻana, a i ʻole ka holoi ʻana i nā moʻolelo.
Loaʻa nā pilikia o nVpn me nā hoʻokomo SBL, kahi e hoʻoweliweli ai nā hui hoʻokipa e hoʻopau i kā lākou mau ʻaelike. No ka laʻana, ma Ianuali 2019, ua haʻi aku kahi ʻelele mai kahi mea hoʻokipa Albanian i ka hui ua pau kā lākou mau kikowaena VPN ma muli o kahi "hiki SBL hit."
A ʻaʻole kēia wale nō ka hihia. "ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki mai kekahi mea e like me kēia i kēlā me kēia manawa. A i ʻole ua pani ʻia ke kikowaena ma muli o ke komo ʻana i ka SBL, a i ʻole nā hui e hoʻopau loa i ka ʻaelike. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana (noi mākou), ʻōlelo lākou ʻaʻohe pilikia me SBL, akā i ka manawa i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia kā lākou IP āpau e Spamhaus, hoʻololi ke kūlana. No ka laʻana, ʻo kēia ke ʻano o ka nalowale ʻana o kā mākou kikowaena ma Niš, Serbia. He mau pule wale nō kēia i hala. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua hāʻawi ka hui iā mākou i kahi hoʻihoʻi hapa no kā mākou hoʻolimalima kikowaena, i uku ʻia no kekahi mau mahina ma mua. He mea weliweli loa ka Spamhaus no nā lawelawe VPN, akā pono mākou e noho pū me ia.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻelele nVPN:
Hāʻawi mākou i kahi lawelawe VPN no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi e hāʻawi i nā mea kūʻai aku i ka hiki ke wehe i nā awa ʻewalu (TCP a me UDP). ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻae ʻia e hoʻāʻo kekahi poʻe hoʻouka e hana ʻino i kēia hiʻohiʻona no nā kumu kānāwai ʻole. ʻOiai mākou e hōʻike maopopo nei i kā mākou ʻōlelo o ka lawelawe ua pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e pili nā mea kūʻai aku i nā lula. ʻO ka hopena, ua pau kekahi o kā mākou prefix i EDROP. Akā i ko mākou manaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo kahi komo EDROP ka hopena o ka honua, ʻoiai inā e poloka ia i kekahi mau pūnaewele a i ʻole kahi lawelawe streaming a ʻelua paha.
Eia naʻe, hoʻokumu mau kēia i nā pilikia. E manaʻo mākou ua hoʻolimalima mākou i kahi kikowaena ma kahi a ua hana mākou i kā mākou /24 subnet e hoʻolaha ma lalo o ka ASN o ka hui hoʻokipa a i ʻole ma lalo o kā mākou iho. Hoʻopili ʻo Spamhaus i kā mākou mea hoʻokipa a noi iā mākou e kāpae i ka mea kūʻai aku, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo mākou. Inā ʻaʻole hoʻokō ka mea hoʻolako i kā lākou noi no ka mea hilinaʻi lākou iā mākou, hoʻomaka ʻo Spamhaus e hoʻohui i nā prefixes hoster maʻemaʻe i ka SBL, no laila hiki ʻole i kāna mau mea kūʻai aku āpau ke hoʻouna i ka leka. A laila ʻaʻohe koho ʻē aʻe o ka ʻoihana a pani iā mākou i ʻole lākou e ʻeha i nā poho kālā nui.
ʻO kahi laʻana o kahi leka hōʻole mai kahi mea hoʻokipa:
Aloha
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokipa hou iā ʻoe ma kā mākou pūnaewele ʻoiai ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻo Spamhaus i kā mākou mau helu IP āpau ma muli o kāu hoʻokipa ʻana me mākou.
E pani ʻia kāu kikowaena i ka lā hope o kāu hoʻolimalima me ka hiki ʻole ke hana hou.
E ʻoluʻolu e mālama i kahi waihona i ka hikiwawe a neʻe i kahi mea hoʻolako ʻē aʻe.me ka manao pono,
ʻO Vikas S.
(Ke alakaʻi/hoʻokumu)
Skype: v **** vp *
Hoʻopau i nā lawelawe a me ka hōʻole ʻana i ka hui hou ʻana
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo nVpn ua nalowale nā kikowaena he nui ma muli o nā hosters uncooperative i nā makahiki i hala. I ka hopena, ua paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻoihana e makemake e ʻae iā lākou. Ua hōʻike ʻo nVpn iā Tarnkappe.info me kahi kauoha e hoʻokuʻu i ka hui ʻana a hōʻole i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lawelawe i ka lā Iulai 11, 2019. ʻO ka leka mai ka mea hoʻolako kikowaena Swiss e ʻōlelo nei e hoʻokō ka papahana Spamhaus i ka "hoʻokō hewa" - ʻo ia hoʻi, e koi i ka mea hāʻawi e hōʻole i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hui ʻē aʻe ma lalo o ka ʻeha o nā kaʻina kānāwai.
Ua ʻōlelo kekahi lunamakaʻāinana nVpn:
I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole kānalua ʻo Spamhaus e hoʻokaʻaʻike i nā hui a koi ʻole lākou e ala hou i kā mākou prefixes. Akā,ʻaʻole nā kānaka a pau e hoʻomaopopo i kēia. Ua hoʻoholo kekahi o kēia mau hui e hoʻopiʻi iā Spamhaus Ltd ma United Kingdom, kahi i loaʻa mua ai ke keʻena nui o ka papahana. I kēlā manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā Spamhaus ke hoʻohana iā Ltd ma ka inoa.
Ma muli o nā hana, pono ʻo Spamhaus e neʻe i kona keʻena nui mai UK a Andorra.
Mai ia manawa, ke loaʻa nei ʻo nVpn i nā leka mai SBL, akā ua hoʻōki ʻo Spamhaus i ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i kā lākou mea hoʻolako kikowaena. Ua ho'ōki hoʻi ʻo Spamhaus i ka pane ʻana i nā noi mai ka lawelawe VPN e holoi i nā mea komo mai ka SBL, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole i holoi ʻia nā helu kahiko he nui a noho i loko o ka waihona, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole pili.
Ua ʻōlelo ka mea hāʻawi VPN ua kōkua ʻo Spamhaus i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka spam honua i ka wā ma mua, he mea pono. Akā i ka wā lōʻihi, hoʻomaka ka pāhana e huki i ka pale ma luna ona, e hoʻopuka ana i ka ʻikepili pilikino o ka poʻe ma ka papa inoa a me ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana i nā ʻoihana hoʻokipa.
ʻAʻohe mau pane i nā nīnau koʻikoʻi
Nui nā nīnau e pili ana i ka papahana Spamhaus ʻaʻohe mea makemake e pane. ʻO kahi noi aʻu i hoʻouna aku ai i ka mea noiʻi spam ʻAmelika a me ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Brian Krebs ʻekolu pule aku nei ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi pane. ʻOi loa paha nā nīnau, akā ʻaʻole maopopo loa kēia. Ua hoʻouna ʻia nā noi i nā hui ʻē aʻe, akā aneane ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike i ka moʻolelo piha o ka papahana Spamhaus.
E pili ana i ka mea kākau o ka ʻatikala kumu
Lars "Ghandy" Sobiraj
Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Lars Sobiraj i kāna ʻoihana ma 2000 ma ke ʻano he mea kākau no nā nūpepa kamepiula like ʻole. ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu iā Tarnkappe.info. Mai ka makahiki 2014, ua kamaʻilio ʻo Gandhi, e like me kāna i kapa ai iā ia iho ma ke kahua, i nā haumāna ma nā kulanui like ʻole a me nā ʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ka Pūnaewele.
Mai ka mea unuhi
Ua loaʻa nā hana Spamhaus ua uhi ʻia ma Habré, a ma ke ʻano maikaʻi ʻole. Ma Rūsia, ua hoʻopilikia ʻo Spamhaus (a ke keʻakeʻa nei) i ka hana a nā hui pilikino ʻelua a me nā ʻoihana hoʻokipa nui. I ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ʻo Latvia holoʻokoʻa: a laila, i ka pane ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi mai kekahi o nā mea hoʻolako nui loa ma ka ʻāina, ua pane ʻo Spamhaus ʻo Latvia kekahi o nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi loa o ka honua, me he mea lā. No kekahi kumu, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pou hope e pili ana i ka Spamhouse i ka makahiki 2012-2013, ʻoiai ke kū nei ka ʻoihana i kēia lā, manaʻo wau e pono ke hoʻopau ʻia kēia poina pono ʻole.
Source: www.habr.com