I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻaʻole maopopo pinepine i nā pūʻolo e hele i nā rootfs.
I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ua hiki wawe ka hopu ʻana iā LFS, buildroot a yocto (a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe), akā pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka. No ka poʻe waiwai (loaʻa iaʻu he 4GB eMMC ma nā hoʻohālike pilote) aia kahi ala e hāʻawi aku ai i nā mea hoʻomohala i kahi mahele e hiki ai iā lākou ke hāʻawi koke i kahi mea i nalowale i kēia manawa, a laila hiki iā mākou ke hōʻiliʻili mau i nā papa inoa o nā pūʻolo a hana i kahi papa inoa no nā kumu kumu.
ʻAʻole mea hou kēia ʻatikala a he ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kope maʻalahi.
ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻatikala ke kūkulu ʻana i nā rootfs ʻo Ubuntu no nā papa ARM (i koʻu hihia, e pili ana iā Colibri imx7d).
Ke kūkulu ʻana i kiʻi
Hoʻohui mākou i nā rootfs i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hana hou ʻana.
Wehe i ka waihona ʻo Ubuntu
Koho mākou i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma muli o ka pono a me kā mākou makemake ponoʻī. Eia au i haawi aku ai i 20.
$ mkdir ubuntu20
$ cd ubuntu20
$ mkdir rootfs
$ wget http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/releases/20.04/release/ubuntu-base-20.04-base-armhf.tar.gz
$ tar xf ubuntu-base-20.04-base-armhf.tar.gz -C rootfsKe nānā nei i ke kākoʻo BINFMT ma ka kernel
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mahele maʻamau, a laila aia ke kākoʻo no BINFMT_MISC a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā mea āpau, inā ʻaʻole, a laila maopopo wau ua ʻike ʻoe pehea e hiki ai i ke kākoʻo BINFMT i ka kernel.
E hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻana o BINFMT_MISC i ka kernel:
$ zcat /proc/config.gz | grep BINFMT
CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF=y
CONFIG_COMPAT_BINFMT_ELF=y
CONFIG_BINFMT_SCRIPT=y
CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC=yI kēia manawa pono ʻoe e nānā i nā hoʻonohonoho:
$ ls /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
qemu-arm register status
$ cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-arm
enabled
interpreter /usr/bin/qemu-arm
flags: OC
offset 0
magic 7f454c4601010100000000000000000002002800
mask ffffffffffffff00fffffffffffffffffeffffffHiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa inoa me ka lima me ka hoʻohana ʻana, no ka laʻana, .
Hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka lima static qemu
I kēia manawa pono mākou i kahi laʻana qemu i hui pū ʻia.
!!! HOOLAHA!!!
Inā hoʻolālā ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi pahu e kūkulu i kekahi mea, e nānā:
A laila no ka x86_64 host a me ka malihini lima pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka mana i386 o qemu:
$ wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-user-static_5.0-13_amd64.deb
$ alient -t qemu-user-static_5.0-13_amd64.deb
# путь в rootfs и имя исполняемого файла должно совпадать с /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-arm
$ mkdir qemu
$ tar xf qemu-user-static-5.0.tgz -C qemu
$ file qemu/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static
qemu/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=be45f9a321cccc5c139cc1991a4042907f9673b6, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, stripped
$ cp qemu/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm
$ file rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm
rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=be45f9a321cccc5c139cc1991a4042907f9673b6, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, strippedʻO Chroot
Palapala maʻalahi:
ch-mount.sh
#!/bin/bash
function mnt() {
echo "MOUNTING"
sudo mount -t proc /proc proc
sudo mount --rbind /sys sys
sudo mount --make-rslave sys
sudo mount --rbind /dev dev
sudo mount --make-rslave dev
sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts dev/pts
sudo chroot
}
function umnt() {
echo "UNMOUNTING"
sudo umount proc
sudo umount sys
sudo umount dev/pts
sudo umount dev
}
if [ "$1" == "-m" ] && [ -n "$2" ] ;
then
mnt $1 $2
elif [ "$1" == "-u" ] && [ -n "$2" ];
then
umnt $1 $2
else
echo ""
echo "Either 1'st, 2'nd or both parameters were missing"
echo ""
echo "1'st parameter can be one of these: -m(mount) OR -u(umount)"
echo "2'nd parameter is the full path of rootfs directory(with trailing '/')"
echo ""
echo "For example: ch-mount -m /media/sdcard/"
echo ""
echo 1st parameter :
echo 2nd parameter :
fiMahalo mākou i ka hopena:
$ ./ch-mount.sh -m rootfs/
# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 20.04 LTS"
VERSION_ID="20.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=focal
UBUNTU_CODENAME=focal
# uname -a
Linux NShubin 5.5.9-gentoo-x86_64 #1 SMP PREEMPT Mon Mar 16 14:34:52 MSK 2020 armv7l armv7l armv7l GNU/LinuxNo ka leʻaleʻa wale, e ana kāua i ka nui ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka liʻiliʻi (noʻu) nā pūʻolo:
# du -d 0 -h / 2>/dev/null
63M /E hōʻano hou kākou:
# apt update
# apt upgrade --yesE hoʻokomo i nā pūʻolo a mākou e makemake ai:
# SYSTEMD_IGNORE_CHROOT=yes apt install --yes autoconf kmod socat ifupdown ethtool iputils-ping net-tools ssh g++ iproute2 dhcpcd5 incron ser2net udev systemd gcc minicom vim cmake make mtd-utils util-linux git strace gdb libiio-dev iiodHe mea ʻokoʻa nā faila poʻomanaʻo Kernel a me nā modula. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻokomo i ka bootloader, kernel, modules, device tree ma o Ubuntu. E hele mai lākou iā mākou mai waho mai a i ʻole e hōʻuluʻulu mākou iā lākou iho a i ʻole e hāʻawi ʻia iā mākou e ka mea hana papa, inā ʻaʻole kēia ma waho o ke ʻano o kēia ʻōlelo aʻo.
I kekahi ʻano, ʻae ʻia ka divergence version, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana iā lākou mai ka hana kernel.
# apt install --yes linux-headers-genericE ʻike kākou i ka mea i hana ʻia a ua nui ka hopena:
# apt clean
# du -d 0 -h / 2>/dev/null
770M /Mai poina e hoʻonoho i ka ʻōlelo huna.
Hoʻopili i ke kiʻi
$ sudo tar -C rootfs --transform "s|^./||" --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 -c ./ | tar --delete ./ | gzip > rootfs.tar.gzEia hou, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokomo i ka etckeeper me ka hoʻonohonoho autopush
ʻAe, e ʻōlelo mākou ua puʻunaue mākou i kā mākou hui, hoʻomaka ka hana i ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o kā mākou ʻōnaehana.
hiki i ka mea mālama ke kōkua iā mākou.
He mea pilikino ka palekana:
- hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i kekahi mau lālā
- hana i kahi kī kū hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia mea hana
- hoʻopaʻa ikaika
- etc. ...
# ssh-keygen
# apt install etckeeper
# etckeeper init
# cd /etc
# git remote add origin ...E hoʻonohonoho kāua i ka autopush
Hiki iā mākou, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hana i nā lālā ma ka hāmeʻa ma mua (e ʻōlelo mākou e hana mākou i kahi palapala a i ʻole kahi lawelawe e holo i ka manawa mua i hoʻomaka ʻia).
# cat /etc/etckeeper/etckeeper.conf
PUSH_REMOTE="origin"A i ʻole hiki iā mākou ke hana i kahi mea naʻauao ...
Ala palaualelo
E loaʻa iā mākou kekahi ʻano mea ʻike kūʻokoʻa, e ʻōlelo i ka helu serial o ka mea hana (a i ʻole MAC - kūʻai nā ʻoihana koʻikoʻi i ka laulā):
pōpoki / proc / cpuinfo
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
model name : ARMv7 Processor rev 5 (v7l)
BogoMIPS : 60.36
Features : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0xc07
CPU revision : 5
processor : 1
model name : ARMv7 Processor rev 5 (v7l)
BogoMIPS : 60.36
Features : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0xc07
CPU revision : 5
Hardware : Freescale i.MX7 Dual (Device Tree)
Revision : 0000
Serial : 06372509A laila hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana iā ia no ka inoa o ka lālā a mākou e pana ai:
# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep Serial | cut -d':' -f 2 | tr -d [:blank:]
06372509E hana kākou i palapala maʻalahi:
# cat /etc/etckeeper/commit.d/40myown-push
#!/bin/sh
set -e
if [ "$VCS" = git ] && [ -d .git ]; then
branch=$(cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep Serial | cut -d':' -f 2 | tr -d [:blank:])
cd /etc/
git push origin master:${branch}
fiA ʻo ia wale nō - ma hope o kekahi manawa hiki iā mākou ke nānā i nā loli a hana i kahi papa inoa o nā pūʻolo no ka firmware target.
Mea paipai ʻia
getdents64 pilikia
Source: www.habr.com