Ua hoʻouna ʻia kekahi mau mea hana mai ka mea hoʻomohala Lūkini "Kroks" no ka loiloi hoʻokolohua kūʻokoʻa. ʻO kēia nā mika uila liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi: kahi mea nānā kikoʻī me kahi mea hana hōʻailona i kūkulu ʻia, a me kahi mea nānā pūnaewele vector (reflectometer). Loaʻa nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a hiki i ka 6,2 GHz ma ke alapine kiʻekiʻe.
Ua makemake ʻia ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana inā he ʻeke ʻē aʻe paha kēia o nā "mika hōʻike" (nā mea pāʻani), a i ʻole nā mea hana kaulana, no ka mea, ua hoʻonoho ka mea hana iā lākou: - "Ua manaʻo ʻia ka mea hana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lekiō amateur, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he mea ana ʻoihana. .”
E makaʻala e ka poʻe heluhelu! Ua hana ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua e nā amateurs, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia he mau haʻawina metrological o nā mea ana, e pili ana i nā kūlana o ka papa inoa mokuʻāina a me nā mea āpau e pili ana i kēia. Makemake ka poʻe radio amateurs i ka nānā ʻana i nā ana hoʻohālikelike o nā mea hana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa (antennas, filters, attenuators), ʻaʻole i ka manaʻo "abstractions", e like me ka mea maʻamau i ka metrology, no ka laʻana: nā haʻahaʻa like ʻole, nā laina hoʻouna like ʻole, a i ʻole nā ʻāpana. ʻO nā laina pōkole pōkole, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kēia hoʻāʻo ua hoʻohana ʻia.
No ka pale ʻana i ka hopena o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā antennas, pono kahi keʻena anechoic, a i ʻole ākea ākea. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mea mua, ua hana ʻia nā ana ma waho, ʻo nā antenna āpau me nā hiʻohiʻona kuhikuhi "nānā" i ka lewa, e kau ʻia ana ma kahi tripod, me ka ʻole o ka neʻe ʻana i ka lewa i ka wā e hoʻololi ai i nā mea hana.
Ua hoʻohana nā hoʻāʻo i kahi mea hānai coaxial phase-stable o ka papa ana, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5C, a me N-SMA adapters mai nā hui kaulana: Midwest Microwave, Amphenol, Pasternack, Narda.
ʻAʻole i hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻololi i hana ʻia e Kina ma muli o ka hemahema pinepine o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka wā o ka hoʻopili hou ʻana, a ma muli nō hoʻi o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka pale antioxidant nāwaliwali, kahi a lākou i hoʻohana ai ma kahi o ka plating gula maʻamau ...
No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kūlana hoʻohālikelike like, ma mua o kēlā me kēia ana, ua hoʻopalike ʻia nā mea hana me ka hoʻonohonoho like o nā calibrators OSL, ma ka pūʻulu alapine like a me ka pae wela o kēia manawa. ʻO OSL ke kū nei no ka "Open", "Short", "Load", ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻonohonoho maʻamau o ka calibration standard: "open circuit test", "short circuit test" a me "terminated load 50,0 ohms" i hoʻohana mau ʻia e calibrate vector. nā mea nānā pūnaewele. No ka palapala SMA, ua hoʻohana mākou i ka Anritsu 22S50 calibration kit, maʻamau i ka laina alapine mai DC a 26,5 GHz, loulou i ka datasheet (49 ʻaoʻao):
No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano ʻano N, ʻo Anritsu OSLN50-1, maʻamau mai DC a 6 GHz.
ʻO ke kūpaʻa i ana ʻia ma ka haʻawe like ʻana o nā calibrators he 50 ± 0,02 Ohm. Ua hoʻokō ʻia nā ana e nā multimeter precision i hōʻoia ʻia, mai ka HP a me Fluke.
No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka pololei maikaʻi loa, a me nā kūlana like loa i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻohālikelike, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi bandwidth filter IF like ma nā mea hana, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia pūʻulu, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke ana ʻana a me ka ratio hōʻailona-a-noise. Ua koho pū ʻia ka helu nui loa o nā helu scan (kokoke i 1000).
No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana iā ʻoe iho me nā hana āpau o ka reflectometer i nīnau ʻia, aia kahi loulou i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi hale hana i hōʻike ʻia:
Ma mua o kēlā me kēia ana, ua nānā pono ʻia nā ʻili āpau i nā mea hoʻohui coaxial (SMA, RP-SMA, N type), no ka mea ma nā alapine ma luna o 2-3 GHz, hoʻomaka ka maʻemaʻe a me ke kūlana o ka ʻili antioxidant o kēia mau pilina. hopena i nā hopena ana a me ka paʻa i ko lākou hiki ke hana hou. He mea nui ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻili o waho o ka pine kikowaena i ka hui coaxial, a me ka ʻili o loko o ka collet ma ka hapalua male. Pela no na mea pili wili. ʻO ia ʻano nānā a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono e hana maʻamau ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope, a i ʻole ma lalo o kahi lens hoʻonui kiʻekiʻe.
He mea nui nō hoʻi e pale i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā shavings metala crumbling ma luna o ka ʻili o nā insulators i nā mea hoʻohui coaxial male, no ka mea, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻokomo i ka capacitance parasitic, e hoʻopilikia nui i ka hana a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka hōʻailona.
ʻO kahi laʻana o kahi poloka metala maʻamau o nā mea hoʻohui SMA i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka maka:
E like me nā koi o ka hale hana o nā mea hana o nā mea hoʻohui coaxial microwave me kahi ʻano pili pili, i ka wā e hoʻopili ai, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia e hoʻololi i ke kikowaena kikowaena e komo ana i ka collet i loaʻa iā ia. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono e hoʻopaʻa i ke kumu axial o ka hapalua o ka mea hoʻohui, e ʻae wale i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka nut ponoʻī, ʻaʻole i ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. I ka manawa like, hoʻemi nui ʻia ka ʻoki ʻana a me nā lole mīkini ʻē aʻe o nā papa male, e hāʻawi ana i ka pilina maikaʻi a hoʻolōʻihi i ka helu o nā pōʻai hoʻololi.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, liʻiliʻi ka poʻe amateurs i ʻike e pili ana i kēia, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā ia, i kēlā me kēia manawa e ʻohi i ka ʻāpana lahilahi o nā papa hana o nā mea pili. Hōʻike mau ʻia kēia e nā wikiō he nui ma Yu.Tube, mai nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "testers" o nā lako microwave hou.
Ma kēia loiloi hoʻāʻo, ua hoʻokō pono ʻia nā pilina he nui o nā mea hoʻohui coaxial a me nā calibrators e like me nā koi o ka hana ma luna.
Ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻohālikelike, ua ana ʻia nā antenna like ʻole e nānā i ka heluhelu reflectometer i nā pae alapine like ʻole.
Hoʻohālikelike o ka 7-element Uda-Yagi antenna o ka laulā 433 MHz (LPD)
No ka mea, ʻo nā antenna o kēia ʻano he lobe hope loa, a me kekahi mau lobes ʻaoʻao, no ka maʻemaʻe o ka hoʻāʻo, ua nānā pono ʻia nā kūlana a puni o ka immobility, a hiki i ka laka ʻana i ka pōpoki i loko o ka hale. No laila ke kiʻi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole ma nā hōʻike, ʻaʻole ia e ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka laulā o ka lobe hope, a laila e hoʻokomo i ka haunaele i ka pakuhi.
Aia nā kiʻi i nā kiʻi mai ʻekolu mau mea hana, 4 mau ʻano mai kēlā me kēia.
ʻO ke kiʻi luna mai kahi VR 23-6200, ʻo ka waena mai kahi Anritsu S361E, a ʻo ka lalo mai kahi GenCom 747A.
Nā palapala VSWR:
Nā kiʻi pohō i hōʻike ʻia:
Nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi impedance Wolpert-Smith:
Nā kaha kiʻi:
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ua like loa nā kiʻi i loaʻa, a ʻo ka nui o ke ana he scatter i loko o 0,1% o ka hewa.
Hoʻohālikelike o 1,2 GHz coaxial dipole
VSWR:
Nā poho hoʻihoʻi:
ʻO ka pakuhi Wolpert-Smith:
Māhele:
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mea ʻekolu ʻekolu, e like me ke ana ʻana o ka resonance frequency o kēia antenna, hāʻule i loko o 0,07%.
Hoʻohālikelike o 3-6 GHz horn antenna
Ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi kahi kaula hoʻonui me nā mea hoʻohui N-type, kahi i hoʻokomo iki i ka like ʻole i loko o nā ana. Akā no ka mea ʻo ka hana wale nō ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā mea hana, ʻaʻole nā kaula a i ʻole nā antennas, a laila inā aia kekahi pilikia ma ke ala, a laila e hōʻike nā mea hana e like me ia.
ʻO ka calibration o ke ana (kuʻi) mokulele e noʻonoʻo ana i ka adapter a me ka mea hānai:
VSWR ma ka pūʻali mai 3 a 6 GHz:
Nā poho hoʻihoʻi:
ʻO ka pakuhi Wolpert-Smith:
Nā kiʻi pae:
5,8 GHz Hoʻohālikelike Polarization Antenna
VSWR:
Nā poho hoʻihoʻi:
ʻO ka pakuhi Wolpert-Smith:
Māhele:
Ana VSWR hoʻohālikelike o kahi kānana 1.4 GHz LPF Kina
Kānana hiʻohiʻona:
Nā palapala VSWR:
Hoʻohālikelike ka lōʻihi o ka mea hānai (DTF)
Ua hoʻoholo wau e ana i kahi kaula coaxial hou me nā mea hoʻohui ʻano N:
Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ana lipine ʻelua mika ma nā ʻanuʻu ʻekolu, ua ana au i 3 mika 5 kenimika.
Eia ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā mea hana:
Maanei, e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei, ʻaʻole pono nā ʻōlelo.
Hoʻohālikelike i ka pololei o ka mea hana hoʻokele i kūkulu ʻia
Aia i loko o kēia kiʻi GIF he 10 mau kiʻi o ka heluhelu ʻana o ka mita frequency Ch3-54. ʻO nā hapa luna o nā kiʻi ka heluhelu VR 23-6200 o ke kumuhana hoʻāʻo. ʻO nā hapa haʻahaʻa nā hōʻailona i hāʻawi ʻia mai ka reflectometer Anritsu. Ua koho ʻia ʻelima mau alapine no ka hoʻāʻo: 23, 50, 100, 150 a me 200 MHz. Inā hāʻawi ʻo Anritsu i ka alapine me nā zeros ma nā huahelu haʻahaʻa, a laila hāʻawi ka VR compact me kahi ʻoi iki, e ulu nui ana me ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana:
ʻOiai, e like me nā hiʻohiʻona hana o ka mea hana, ʻaʻole hiki ke lilo i "minus", no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hele ma mua o nā helu ʻelua i hōʻike ʻia, ma hope o ka hōʻailona decimal.
ʻO nā kiʻi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma kahi gif e pili ana i ka "hoʻonani" o loko o ka hāmeʻa:
Kākoʻo:
ʻO nā mea maikaʻi o ka polokalamu VR 23-6200 ʻo ia ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, compactness portable me ka autonomy piha, ʻaʻole koi i kahi hōʻike waho mai kahi kamepiula a i ʻole kelepona, me kahi ākea ākea ākea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka lepili. ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole kēia he scalar, akā he mika vector piha. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai nā hopena o nā ana hoʻohālikelike, ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa loa ʻo VR i nā mea nui, kaulana a pipiʻi loa. I kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka piʻi ʻana ma luna o ka hale (a i ʻole mast) e nānā i ke ʻano o nā mea hānai a me nā antenna me kahi pēpē ma mua o kahi mea nui a kaumaha. A no ka laulā 5,8 GHz i kēia manawa no ka heihei FPV (nā radio-controlled flying multicopters a me nā mokulele, me ka hoʻolaha wikiō ma luna o ka papa i nā aniani a i ʻole nā hōʻike), he mea pono ia. No ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke koho maʻalahi i ka antenna maikaʻi loa mai nā mea ʻokoʻa ma ka lele, a i ʻole ma ka lele e hoʻoponopono pololei a hoʻoponopono i kahi antenna i kuʻi ʻia ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o kahi kaʻa lele lele. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he "pocket-sized", a me kona kaumaha haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hiki ke kau maʻalahi ma luna o kahi mea hānai lahilahi, kahi kūpono i ka wā e hana ai i nā hana āpau.
ʻIke ʻia nā hemahema:
1) ʻO ka drawback hana nui loa o ka reflectometer ʻo ia ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike koke i ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka palena ma ka pakuhi me nā māka, ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka ʻimi ʻana no ka "delta", a i ʻole ka huli ʻakomi no nā mea liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ma mua.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia i nā ʻano LMag a me SWR, kahi i nele loa ai kēia hiki ke hoʻomalu i nā māka. Pono ʻoe e hoʻāla i ka marker ma ka papa kuhikuhi pili, a laila e hoʻoneʻe lima i ka marker i ka liʻiliʻi o ka pihi i mea e heluhelu ai i ke alapine a me ka waiwai SWR ma ia wahi. Malia paha i ka firmware hope e hoʻohui ka mea hana i kahi hana.
1 a) Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki i ka hāmeʻa ke hoʻololi hou i ke ʻano hōʻike i makemake ʻia no nā māka ke hoʻololi i waena o nā ʻano ana.
No ka laʻana, ua hoʻololi au mai ke ʻano VSWR i LMag (Return Loss), a ke hōʻike mau nei nā māka i ka waiwai VSWR, ʻoiai pono lākou e hōʻike i ka waiwai o ka module noʻonoʻo i ka dB, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mea i koho ʻia i kēia manawa.
Pela no na ano a pau. I mea e heluhelu ai i nā waiwai e pili ana i ka pakuhi i koho ʻia ma ka papa kuhikuhi, i kēlā me kēia manawa pono ʻoe e hoʻihoʻi lima i ke ʻano hōʻike no kēlā me kēia o nā māka 4. He mea liʻiliʻi ia, akā makemake wau i kahi "automation" liʻiliʻi.
1 b) Ma ke ʻano ana ʻana VSWR kaulana loa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pālākiō amplitude i kahi kikoʻī hou aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 2,0 (no ka laʻana, 1,5, a i ʻole 1.3).
2) Aia kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi i ka calibration inconsistent. Me he mea lā, aia mau ka "open" a i ʻole "parallel" calibration. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i kahi ana calibrator heluhelu, e like me ka mea maʻamau i nā mea VNA ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maʻamau i ke ʻano calibration, e hoʻomaka ka hāmeʻa iā ia iho i ka mea e hoʻokomo ʻia (ke aʻe) calibration standard a heluhelu iā ia no ka helu helu.
A ma ARINST, hāʻawi ʻia ke kuleana e koho i nā kaomi ʻekolu no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ana i ka manawa like, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka pono o ka nānā ʻana mai ka mea hoʻohana i ka wā e hoʻokō ai i ka pae calibration aʻe. ʻOiai ʻaʻole wau i huikau, inā wau e kaomi i kahi pihi ʻaʻole i kūpono i ka hopena pili i kēia manawa o ka calibrator, aia kahi maʻalahi hiki ke hana i kēlā hewa.
Malia paha i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka firmware ma hope, e "hoʻololi" nā mea hana i kēia "parallelism" o ke koho i kahi "sequence" e hoʻopau i kahi hewa hiki mai ka mea hoʻohana. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea hana nui i kahi kaʻina maʻalahi i nā hana me nā ana calibration, e hoʻopau wale i kēlā mau hewa mai ka huikau.
3) Haiki loa ka welau calibration. Inā hāʻawi ka Anritsu ma hope o ka calibration i kahi laulā (no ka laʻana) mai +18 ° C a +48 ° C, a laila ʻo ± 3 ° C wale nō ka Arinst mai ka mahana calibration, hiki ke liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka hana kula (waho), i ka lā, a i ʻole ma ka malu.
Eia kekahi laʻana: Ua calibrate wau ma hope o ka ʻaina awakea, akā hana ʻoe me nā ana a hiki i ke ahiahi, ua hala ka lā, ua hāʻule ka mahana a ʻaʻole pololei nā heluhelu.
No kekahi kumu, ʻaʻole i puka mai kahi leka hoʻomaha e ʻōlelo ana "recalibrate ma muli o ka pae wela o ka calibration mua ma waho o ka pae wela." Akā, hoʻomaka nā ana hewa me ka zero i hoʻololi ʻia, e pili nui ana i ka hopena ana.
No ka hoʻohālikelike, eia ke ʻano o ka Anritsu OTDR e hōʻike ai:
4) No loko o ka hale he mea maʻamau, akā, no nā wahi hāmama, ua pōʻeleʻele loa ka hōʻike.
I ka lā lā ma waho, ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke heluhelu ʻia, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e uhi i ka pale me kou lima.
ʻAʻohe koho e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻōlinolino hōʻike.
5) Makemake au e kūʻai aku i nā pihi hāmeʻa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, no ka mea ʻaʻole pane koke kekahi i ke kaomi ʻana.
6) ʻAʻole pane ka touchscreen ma kekahi mau wahi, a ma kekahi mau wahi, ua paʻakikī loa ia.
Nā hopena ma ka VR 23-6200 reflectometer
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e pili i nā minus, a laila e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kālā kālā ʻē aʻe, hiki ke loaʻa a loaʻa i nā hopena ma ka mākeke, e like me RF Explorer, N1201SA, KC901V, RigExpert, SURECOM SW-102, NanoVNA - kēia Arinst VR 23-6200 e like me ke koho lanakila loa. No ka mea, ʻaʻole i kūʻai nui ʻia ke kumu kūʻai ʻē aʻe, a i kaupalena ʻia i ka band frequency a no laila ʻaʻole ia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, a i ʻole he mau mika hōʻike pāʻani. ʻOiai ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a haʻahaʻa loa, ʻo ka VR 23-6200 vector reflectometer i lilo i mea kupanaha maikaʻi loa, a hiki ke lawe ʻia. Inā ua hoʻopau ka poʻe hana i nā hemahema i loko o ia mea a hoʻonui iki i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka poʻe lekiō lekiō pōkole, ua lawe ka mea hana i ka podium ma waena o nā limahana āpau o ka honua o kēia ʻano, no ka mea, ʻo ka hopena e hiki ke uhi ʻia: mai "KaVe i eFPeVe", ʻo ia hoʻi, mai 2 MHz ma HF (160 mika), a hiki i 5,8 GHz no FPV (5 kenimika). A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka ʻole o ka haki ʻana i ka hui holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole like me ka mea i hana ʻia ma RF Explorer:
ʻO ka mea kānalua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi ākea ākea, a maikaʻi loa kēia! Akā i kēia manawa (i ka manawa o Iune-Iulai 2019), i koʻu manaʻo haʻahaʻa, ʻo kēia reflectometer ka mea maikaʻi loa ma ka honua, ma waena o nā haʻawina hiki ke loaʻa a kūʻai ʻole.
- Maheleʻelua
Mea hoʻopili kikoʻī me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻike SSA-TG R2
ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka hoihoi o ka lua ma mua o ka reflectometer vector.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ana i nā ʻāpana "hope-to-end" o nā ʻenehana microwave like ʻole ma ke ʻano ana 2-port (type S21). No ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka hana a ana pololei i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻoikaika, amplifiers, a i ʻole ka nui o ka hōʻailona attenuation (nalo) i nā attenuators, kānana, nā kaula coaxial (feeders), a me nā mea hana a me nā passive ʻē aʻe a me nā modula, ʻaʻole hiki ke hiki. hana ʻia me kahi reflectometer puka hoʻokahi.
ʻO kēia kahi loiloi kikoʻī piha piha, e uhi ana i kahi ākea ākea a hoʻomau, kahi mamao loa mai ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā mea hoʻonaninani maʻalahi. Eia kekahi, aia kahi mea hoʻomohala hoʻopaʻa i kūkulu ʻia o nā hōʻailona lekiō, ma kahi ākea. He kōkua pono no ka reflectometer a me ka mita antena. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e ʻike inā aia kekahi deviation o ka frequency carrier i nā transmitters, parasitic intermodulation, clipping, etc.
A me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea hoʻomohala a me kahi mea nānā kikoʻī, e hoʻohui i kahi hui kuhikuhi waho (a i ʻole alahaka), hiki ke ana i ka VSWR like o nā antennas, ʻoiai ma ke ʻano ana scalar wale nō, me ka nānā ʻole i ka pae, e like me ka hihia me kahi vector.
Link i ka manual factory:
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia hāmeʻa me ka paʻakikī ana hui pū ʻia ʻo GenCom 747A, me ka palena palena kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 4 GHz. ʻO ke komo pū ʻana i nā hoʻāʻo ʻana he mīkini mana precision-class hou Anritsu MA24106A, me nā papa hoʻoponopono uea ʻoihana no ke ana ʻana a me ka mahana, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i 6 GHz i ke alapine.
ʻO ka papa walaʻau ponoʻī o ka Spectrum Analyzer, me kahi "stub" i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma ka hoʻokomo:
ʻO ka liʻiliʻi loa he -85,5 dB, i huli ʻia ma ka ʻāina LPD (426 MHz).
Eia kekahi, i ka piʻi ʻana o ke alapine, piʻi iki ka paepae o ka walaʻau, ʻo ia ka mea maoli:
1500 MHz - 83,5 dB. 2400 MHz - 79,6 dB. Ma 5800 MHz - 66,5 dB.
Ke ana ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea hoʻoikaika Wi-Fi ikaika e pili ana i ka module XQ-02A
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūikawā o kēia booster ʻo ia ka hoʻololi maʻalahi, i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka mana, ʻaʻole mālama koke i ka amplifier i ka mokuʻāina. Ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā attenuators ma kahi mea nui, ua hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka paepae no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka automation i kūkulu ʻia. Ua ʻike ʻia ua hoʻololi ka booster i ke kūlana ikaika a hoʻomaka e hoʻonui i ka hōʻailona hele wale inā ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 4 dBm (0,4 mW):
No kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana ma kahi mea liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole lawa ka pae hoʻopuka o ka mīkini hana i kūkulu ʻia, aia kahi pae hoʻoponopono i kākau ʻia ma nā hiʻohiʻona hana, mai ka liʻiliʻi 15 a hiki i ka liʻiliʻi 25 dBm, ʻaʻole lawa. A ma ʻaneʻi mākou e pono ai e like me ka minus 4, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka minus 15. ʻAe, hiki ke hoʻohana i kahi amplifier waho, akā ʻokoʻa ka hana.
Ua ana au i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka booster i hoʻololi ʻia me kahi hāmeʻa nui, ua lilo ia i 11 dB, e like me nā ʻano hana.
No kēlā mea, ua hiki i kahi mea liʻiliʻi ke ʻike i ka nui o ka attenuation o ka booster i hoʻohuli ʻia, akā me ka mana. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ua hoʻonāwaliwali kahi booster de-energized i ka hōʻailona hele ʻana i ka antenna e 12.000 mau manawa. No kēia kumu, i ka lele ʻana a hoʻopoina i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mana i ka booster waho i ka manawa kūpono, ʻo ka hexacopter Longrange, ua lele ʻo 60-70 mika, ua kū a hoʻololi i ka hoʻi hou i ka wahi lawe. A laila ua ala mai ka pono e ʻike i ka waiwai o ka attenuation pass-through o ka amplifier hoʻohuli ʻia. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ma kahi o 41-42 dB.
ʻO ka walaʻau kani 1-3500 MHz
ʻO kahi mea hana leo leo maʻalahi, i hana ʻia ma Kina.
ʻAʻole kūpono ʻole ka hoʻohālikelike laina o ka heluhelu ʻana i ka dB ma muli o ka loli mau o ka amplitude ma nā alapine like ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke ʻano maoli o ka walaʻau.
Akā naʻe, ua hiki ke lawe i nā kiʻi pane alapine like like loa mai nā mea ʻelua:
Maanei ua hoʻonohonoho like ʻia ka pae alapine ma nā mea hana, mai 35 a 4000 MHz.
A ma ke ʻano o ka amplitude, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, ua loaʻa pū nā waiwai like.
Pane alapine hele (ana S21), kānana LPF 1.4
Ua ʻōlelo mua ʻia kēia kānana ma ka hapa mua o ka loiloi. Akā ma laila ua ana ʻia kāna VSWR, a ma ʻaneʻi ka pane pinepine o ka hoʻouna ʻana, kahi āu e ʻike maopopo ai i ka mea a me ke ʻano o ka attenuation e hele ai, a me kahi a me ka nui o ka ʻoki ʻana.
Maanei hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī hou aku ua hoʻopaʻa like nā mea ʻelua i ka pane alapine o kēia kānana.
Ma ke alapine cutoff o 1400 MHz, ua hōʻike ʻo Arinst i kahi amplitude o minus 1,4 dB (mea hōʻailona uliuli Mkr 4), a me GenCom emi 1,79 dB (marker M5).
Ana i ka attenuation o attenuators
No nā ana hoʻohālikelike, ua koho au i nā attenuators kūpono loa. ʻAʻole naʻe nā Kina, ma muli o kā lākou ʻano nui.
Ua like nō ka laina alapine, mai 35 a 4000 MHz. ʻO ka calibration o ke ʻano ana ʻelua awa i lawe ʻia e like me ke akahele, me ka mana koi o ke degere o ka maʻemaʻe o ka ʻili o nā mea pili a pau ma nā mea hoʻohui coaxial male.
ʻO ka hopena hoʻohālikelike ma ka pae 0 dB:
Ua hana ʻia ke alapine sampling median, ma ke kikowaena o ka hui i hāʻawi ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi 2009,57 MHz. Ua like pū ka helu o nā helu scan, 1000+1.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ua kokoke ka hopena o ke ana ʻana o ka manawa like o kahi attenuator 40 dB, akā ʻokoʻa iki. Ua hōʻike ʻo Arinst SSA-TG R2 i ka 42,4 dB, a me GenCom 40,17 dB, ua like nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau.
Attenuator 30 dB
Arinst = 31,9 dB
GenCom = 30,08 dB
Ma kahi o kahi pāhaʻi liʻiliʻi like i loaʻa i nā huaʻōlelo pākēneka i ke ana ʻana i nā attenuators ʻē aʻe. Akā no ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa a me ka manawa o ka mea heluhelu ma ka ʻatikala, ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻokomo ʻia i kēia loiloi, no ka mea ua like lākou me nā ana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna.
Min a max track
ʻOiai ʻo ka portability a me ka maʻalahi o ka hāmeʻa, akā naʻe, ua hoʻohui nā mea hana i kahi koho kūpono e like me ka hōʻike ʻana i nā liʻiliʻi kumulative a me nā kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mele, i koi ʻia me nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho.
ʻEkolu kiʻi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma kahi kiʻi gif, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laʻana o kahi kānana 5,8 GHz LPF, ʻo ka pilina o ia mea i hoʻolauna i ka leo hoʻololi a me nā haunaele:
ʻO ke ala melemele ke kāʻei kahili loa i kēia manawa.
ʻO ke ala ʻulaʻula ka maxima i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka hoʻomanaʻo mai nā sweeps i hala.
ʻO ke ala ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele (hina ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā kiʻi a me ke kaomi ʻana) ʻo ia ka pane alapine haʻahaʻa.
Ana Antenna VSWR
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka loiloi, hiki i kēia hāmeʻa ke hoʻopili i kahi mea hoʻohui Direct waho, a i ʻole kahi alahaka ana i hāʻawi ʻia (akā a hiki i 2,7 GHz wale nō). Hāʻawi ka polokalamu i ka calibration OSL e hōʻike i ka hāmeʻa i ka wahi kuhikuhi no VSWR.
Hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi kahi hui alakaʻi me nā mea hānai ana i ka manawa paʻa, akā ua hemo ʻia mai ka hāmeʻa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā ana SWR. Eia naʻe ke hōʻike ʻia nei ma kahi kūlana i hoʻonui ʻia, no laila e haʻalele i ka ʻokoʻa me ka pili ʻike. Hoʻopili ʻia ka mea hoʻohui kuhikuhi i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka hāmeʻa, akā hoʻohuli ʻia me nā kaha i hope. A laila hoʻolako i ka nalu hanana mai ka mīkini hana (uawa luna) a me ka wehe ʻana i ka nalu i hōʻike ʻia i ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka mea anana (wawa haʻahaʻa) e hana pololei.
Hōʻike nā kiʻi ʻelua i kahi laʻana o ia pilina a me ke ana ʻana o ka VSWR o ka mea i ana mua ʻia ma luna o ka antenna polarization circular o ke ʻano "Clover", 5,8 GHz ākea.
No ka mea ʻo kēia hiki ke ana i ka VSWR ʻaʻole ia i waena o nā kumu nui o kēia hāmeʻa, akā naʻe aia nā nīnau kūpono e pili ana iā ia (e like me ka ʻike ʻia mai ka kiʻi kiʻi o nā heluhelu hōʻike). ʻO kahi pālākiō paʻa a hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia no ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pakuhi VSWR, me ka waiwai nui a hiki i 6 mau ʻāpana. ʻOiai ke hōʻike nei ka pakuhi i kahi hōʻike pololei o ka pihi VSWR o kēia antenna, no kekahi kumu ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka waiwai pololei ma ka māka ma kahi helu helu, ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia nā ʻumi a me nā haneli. Hōʻike ʻia nā helu helu helu wale nō, e like me 1, 2, 3... Aia nō, me he mea lā, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hopena ana.
ʻOiai no nā manaʻo koʻikoʻi, e hoʻomaopopo maʻamau inā he lawelawe a hōʻino paha ka antenna, ʻae ʻia. Akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana ʻana me ka antenna, ʻoiai hiki ke hiki.
Ke ana i ka pololei o ka mīkini hana i kūkulu ʻia
E like me ka reflectometer, ma ʻaneʻi hoʻi, ʻelua wale nō mau wahi kikoʻī o ka pololei i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā kikoʻī ʻenehana.
Eia nō naʻe, he mea naʻaupō ka manaʻo e loaʻa i kahi hāmeʻa ʻeke kālā kahi maʻamau rubidium ma luna o ka moku. *smile emoticon*
Akā naʻe, makemake paha ka mea heluhelu nīnau i ka nui o ka hewa i loko o ia mea hana miniature. Akā, no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mika frequency precision a hiki i ka 250 MHz wale nō, ua kaupalena wau iaʻu iho i ka nānā ʻana i nā alapine 4 wale nō ma lalo o ka laulā, no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano hewa, inā he. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā kiʻi mai kahi mea ʻē aʻe ma nā alapine kiʻekiʻe. Akā, no ka mālama ʻana i kahi i loko o ka ʻatikala, ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kēia loiloi, ma muli o ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka helu helu helu like o ka hewa i loaʻa i nā helu haʻahaʻa.
ʻEhā kiʻi o nā alapine ʻehā i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i kahi kiʻi gif, no ka mālama ʻana i ka lewa: 50,00; 100,00; 150,00 a me 200,00 MHz
ʻIke maopopo ʻia ke ʻano a me ka nui o ka hewa e kū nei:
Loaʻa i ka 50,00 MHz ka hapa iki o ka frequency generator, ʻo ia hoʻi ma 954 Hz.
100,00 MHz, kēlā me kēia, ʻoi aku iki, +1,79 KHz.
150,00 MHz, ʻoi aku ka +1,97 KHz
200,00 MHz, +3,78 KHz
Ma luna aʻe, ua ana ʻia ke alapine e kahi mea loiloi GenCom, i loaʻa iā ia kahi mika alapine maikaʻi. No ka laʻana, inā ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ka mea hana i kūkulu ʻia i loko o GenCom i ka 800 hertz ma ke alapine o 50,00 MHz, a laila ʻaʻole i hōʻike wale ʻia ka mika alapine o waho, akā ua ana ʻia ka spectrum analyzer i ka nui like.
Aia ma lalo kekahi o nā kiʻi o ka hōʻike, me ke ana ʻana o ka mīkini hana i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka SSA-TG R2, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kikowaena Wi-Fi waena o 2450 MHz ma ke ʻano he laʻana:
No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hakahaka o ka ʻatikala, ʻaʻole wau i hoʻopuka i nā kiʻi like ʻole o ka hōʻike; akā, he hōʻuluʻulu pōkole o nā hopena ana no nā pae ma luna o 200 MHz:
Ma ke alapine o 433,00 MHz, ʻo +7,92 KHz ka nui.
Ma ke alapine o 1200,00 MHz, = +22,4 KHz.
Ma ke alapine o 2450,00 MHz, = +42,8 KHz (ma ke kiʻi mua)
Ma ke alapine o 3999,50 MHz, = +71,6 KHz.
Akā naʻe, mālama ʻia nā wahi decimal ʻelua i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā kikoʻī o ka hale hana ma nā pae āpau.
Hoʻohālikelike ana amplitude hōʻailona
Aia i loko o ke kiʻi gif i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei he 6 mau kiʻi kahi e ana ʻo Arinst SSA-TG R2 i kāna oscillator ponoʻī ma nā alapine ʻeono i koho ʻia.
50 MHz -8,1 dBm; 200 MHz -9,0 dBm; 1000 MHz -9,6 dBm;
2500 MHz -9,1 dBm; 3999 MHz - 5,1 dBm; 5800 MHz -9,1 dBm
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka amplitude kiʻekiʻe o ka generator ma mua o ka liʻiliʻi o 15 dBm, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻike ʻia nā waiwai ʻē aʻe.
No ka ʻike ʻana i nā kumu o kēia hōʻailona amplitude, ua lawe ʻia nā ana mai ka mīkini hana Arinst SSA-TG R2, ma kahi sensor Anritsu MA24106A pololei, me ka calibration zeroing ma kahi haʻahaʻa kūlike, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā ana. Eia kekahi, i kēlā me kēia manawa i hoʻokomo ʻia ka helu alapine, no ke ana ʻana i ka pololei e noʻonoʻo ana i nā coefficients, e like me ka papa hoʻoponopono no ke alapine a me ka mahana i humuhumu ʻia mai ka hale hana.
35 MHz -9,04 dBm; 200 MHz -9,12 dBm; 1000 MHz -9,06 dBm;
2500 MHz -8,96 dBm; 3999 MHz - 7,48 dBm; 5800 MHz -7,02 dBm
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo nā helu amplitude hōʻailona i hana ʻia e ka mea hana i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka SSA-TG R2, ke ana ʻana o ka mea anana (no ka papa pololei amateur). A ʻo ka amplitude o ka generator i hōʻike ʻia ma ka lalo o ka hōʻike o ka hāmeʻa e hoʻololi wale ʻia i ka "kauo", no ka mea, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike ʻia e hana i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka pono i loko o nā palena hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia mai -15 a -25 dBm.
He kānalua koʻu e pili ana i ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana o ka sensor Anritsu MA24106A hou, no laila ua hoʻohālikelike wau me kahi ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana ʻē aʻe mai General Dynamics, model R2670B.
Akā ʻaʻole, ʻaʻole nui ka ʻokoʻa o ka amplitude, i loko o 0,3 dBm.
Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ka mika mana ma GenCom 747A, ʻaʻole i kahi mamao loa, aia kahi pae kiʻekiʻe mai ka generator:
Akā ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 0 dBm, ʻo ka Arinst SSA-TG R2 analyzer no kekahi kumu i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hōʻailona amplitude, a mai nā kumu hōʻailona like ʻole me 0 dBm.
Ma ka manawa like, hōʻike ka sensor Anritsu MA24106A i ka 0,01 dBm mai ka calibrator Anritsu ML4803A.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka waiwai attenuator attenuation ma ka pā lima me kou manamana lima, no ka mea, lele ka lipine me ka papa inoa a hoʻi pinepine i ka waiwai nui. Ua ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi stylus kahiko no kēia:
I ka nānā ʻana i nā harmonics o kahi hōʻailona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 50 MHz, kokoke ma luna o ka pūʻulu holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa o ka mea anana (a hiki i 4 GHz), ua loaʻa kekahi "anomaly" i nā alapine o kahi 760 MHz:
Me kahi pūʻali ākea ma ke alapine kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 6035 MHz), i ʻike pono ʻia ka Span i 6000 MHz, ʻike ʻia ka anomaly:
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻailona like, mai ka mea hana i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka SSA-TG R2, i ka wā e hānai ʻia ai i kahi mea ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻano anomaly.
Inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kēia anomaly ma kahi mea hoʻoponopono ʻē aʻe, a laila ʻaʻole i loko o ka generator ka pilikia, akā i ka spectrum analyzer.
ʻO kahi attenuator i kūkulu ʻia no ka attenuating i ka amplitude o ka mīkini hana e hoʻoneʻe pono i nā ʻanuʻu 1 dB, ʻo kāna mau ʻanuʻu 10 āpau. Ma ka lalo o ka pale hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo i kahi ala heʻe ma ka timeline, e hōʻike ana i ka hana a ka attenuator:
Ke haʻalele nei i ka puka puka o ka generator a me ke awa hoʻokomo o ka mea hoʻopili i hoʻopili ʻia, ua hoʻopau wau i ka hāmeʻa. I ka lā aʻe, i koʻu hoʻohuli ʻana, ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi hōʻailona me nā harmonic maʻamau i kahi alapine hoihoi o 777,00 MHz:
I ka manawa like, ua pio ka generator. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka papa kuhikuhi, ua pio maoli. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka puka o ka mīkini hana inā ua pio ia i ka lā ma mua. Pono wau e hoʻohuli iā ia i kēlā me kēia alapine i ka papa kuhikuhi generator, a laila hoʻopau iā ia. Ma hope o kēia hana, nalowale ka alapine ʻē aʻe a ʻaʻole i ʻike hou ʻia, akā aia wale nō a hiki i ka manawa aʻe e hoʻā ai ka hāmeʻa holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiaʻiʻo ma ka firmware e hiki mai ana e hoʻoponopono ka mea hana i ka hoʻololi ʻana iā ia iho ma ka puka o ka mea hana hoʻohuli. Akā inā ʻaʻohe kelepona ma waena o nā awa, a laila ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia he hewa kekahi mea, koe wale nō ke kiʻekiʻe iki o ka leo. A ma hope o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka mīkini hana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana, e haʻahaʻa iki ke kiʻekiʻe o ka walaʻau, akā ma ka nui ʻike ʻole. ʻO kahi drawback hana liʻiliʻi kēia, ʻo ka hoʻonā e lawe i kahi 3 kekona hou ma hope o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka hāmeʻa.
Hōʻike ʻia ka loko o ka Arinst SSA-TG R2 i ʻekolu mau kiʻi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma gif:
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā ana me ka Arinst SSA Pro spectrum analyzer kahiko, aia kahi kelepona ma luna e like me ka hōʻike:
Kākoʻo:
E like me ka Arinst VR 23-6200 reflectometer ma mua o ka loiloi, ua loiloi ʻia ka Arinst SSA-TG R2 analyzer ma aneʻi, ma ke ʻano like like a me nā ana, he mea kōkua liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi no ka mea hoʻokani lekiō. ʻAʻole pono ia i nā hōʻike waho ma kahi kamepiula a i ʻole kelepona e like me nā hiʻohiʻona SSA mua.
ʻO kahi ākea ākea loa, ʻole a me ka hoʻopau ʻole ʻia, mai 35 a 6200 MHz.
ʻAʻole au i aʻo i ke ola pākaukau pololei, akā lawa ka mana o ka pā lithium i kūkulu ʻia no ke ola pākaukau lōʻihi.
ʻO kahi hapa liʻiliʻi i nā ana no kahi hāmeʻa o ia papa liʻiliʻi. I kēlā me kēia hihia, no ka pae amateur ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka lawa.
Kākoʻo ʻia e ka mea hana, me ka firmware a me ka hoʻoponopono kino, inā pono. Ua loaʻa nui ia no ke kūʻai ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ma ke kauoha, e like me kekahi manawa me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe.
Ua ʻike pū ʻia nā hemahema:
ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻole ʻia, hāʻawi manawaleʻa i kahi hōʻailona me ke alapine o 777,00 MHz i ka puka o ka mea hana. ʻOiaʻiʻo e hoʻopau ʻia kēlā kuhi hewa me ka firmware e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai inā ʻike ʻoe e pili ana i kēia hiʻohiʻona, hiki ke hoʻopau maʻalahi ʻia i loko o 3 kekona ma ka hoʻohuli wale ʻana i ka mīkini hana i kūkulu ʻia.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa liʻiliʻi ka pale paʻi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e hoʻohuli koke ka slider i nā pihi virtual āpau inā ʻoe e neʻe iā lākou. Akā inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻoneʻe i nā slider, akā kaomi koke i ke kūlana hope, a laila hana koke nā mea āpau a maopopo. ʻAʻole kēia he mea liʻiliʻi, akā he "hiʻona" o nā mana i huki ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka papa kuhikuhi generator a me ka attenuator control slider.
Ke hoʻohui ʻia ma o Bluetooth, ʻike ʻia e hoʻopili maikaʻi ana ka mea loiloi i ke kelepona, akā ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kahi ala kiʻi pane alapine, e like me ka SSA Pro kahiko, no ka laʻana. I ka hoʻohui ʻana, ua mālama pono ʻia nā koi āpau o nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi, i wehewehe ʻia ma ka pauku 8 o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.
Ua manaʻo wau ma muli o ka ʻae ʻia ʻana o ka ʻōlelo huna, hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻoia o ka hoʻololi ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao kelepona, a laila aia paha kēia hana no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka firmware ma o ka atamai.
Akā ʻaʻole.
Hōʻike maopopo ʻia ka helu 8.2.6:
8.2.6. E hoʻopili ka mea hana i ka papa/smartphone, kahi pakuhi o ka spectrum hōʻailona a me kahi memo ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hāmeʻa ConnectedtoARINST_SSA e ʻike ʻia ma ka pale, e like me ke Kiʻi 28. (c)
ʻAe, ʻike ʻia ka hōʻoia, akā ʻaʻohe ala.
Hoʻopili hou au i kekahi mau manawa, i kēlā me kēia manawa ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ke mele. A mai ka SSA Pro kahiko, koke.
ʻO kekahi hemahema e pili ana i ka "versatility" kaulana, ma muli o ka palena o ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o nā alapine hana, ʻaʻole kūpono ia no nā poʻe lekiō pōkole. No RC FPV, hoʻopiha piha lākou i nā pono o nā amateurs a me nā mea hoʻomaikaʻi, ʻoi aku ma mua o kēlā.
Nā hopena:
Ma keʻano laulā, ua waiho nā mea ʻelua i kahi manaʻo maikaʻi loa, no ka mea, hāʻawi lākou i kahi ʻōnaehana ana piha, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa no ka poʻe amateur radio kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole i kūkākūkā ʻia ke kulekele kumu kūʻai ma aneʻi, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā analogues kokoke loa ma ka mākeke ma kahi ākea ākea a hoʻomau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hauʻoli.
ʻO ke kumu o ka loiloi wale nō ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i kēia mau mea me nā lako ana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a e hāʻawi i ka poʻe heluhelu i nā heluhelu hōʻike paʻi kiʻi, i mea e hana ai i ko lākou manaʻo ponoʻī a hoʻoholo kūʻokoʻa e pili ana i ka hiki ke loaʻa. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻia kekahi kumu hoʻolaha. ʻO ka loiloi ʻaoʻao ʻekolu wale nō a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hopena nānā.
Source: www.habr.com