I kēia lā e hoʻomaka mākou e aʻo i ka protocol EIGRP, a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka OSPF, ʻo ia ke kumuhana nui loa o ka papa CCNA.
E hoʻi mākou i ka pauku 2.5 ma hope aku, akā i kēia manawa, ma hope pono o ka pauku 2.4, e neʻe mākou i ka pauku 2.6, "Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, hōʻoia, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka EIGRP ma luna o IPv4 (Wai ʻole i ka hōʻoia, kānana, hōʻuluʻulu manual, hoʻohele hou, a me ka Stub. Hoʻonohonoho).
I kēia lā e loaʻa iā mākou kahi haʻawina hoʻomaka e hoʻolauna aku au iā ʻoe i ka manaʻo o ka Enhanced Internal Gateway Routing Protocol EIGRP, a ma nā haʻawina ʻelua e hiki mai ana mākou e nānā i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā robots o ka protocol. Akā, makemake wau e haʻi mua iā ʻoe i kēia mau mea.
Ma nā haʻawina hope loa a mākou e aʻo nei e pili ana iā OSPF. I kēia manawa makemake wau e hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe i ka nānā ʻana iā RIP i nā mahina he nui i hala, ua kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā puka lou a me nā ʻenehana e pale ai i ke kaʻa mai ka looping. Pehea ʻoe e pale ai i nā puka ala ala i ka wā e hoʻohana ai iā OSPF? Hiki paha ke hoʻohana i nā ala e like me Route Poison a i ʻole Split Horizon no kēia? He mau nīnau kēia āu e pane ai iā ʻoe iho. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā kumuwaiwai kumuhana ʻē aʻe, akā e ʻimi i nā pane i kēia mau nīnau. Makemake au e aʻo ʻoe pehea e ʻimi ai i nā pane iā ʻoe iho ma ka hana ʻana me nā kumu like ʻole, a ke paipai nei au iā ʻoe e waiho i kāu mau manaʻo ma lalo o kēia wikiō i ʻike wau i ka nui o kaʻu mau haumāna i hoʻopau i kēia hana.
He aha ka EIGRP? He protocol routing hybrid ia e hoʻohui i nā hiʻohiʻona pono o ka protocol vector mamao e like me RIP a me kahi protocol link-state e like me OSPF.
ʻO EIGRP kahi protocol proprietary Cisco i loaʻa i ka lehulehu ma 2013. Mai ka protocol tracking link-state, ua lawe ʻo ia i kahi algorithm hoʻokumu kaiāulu, ʻaʻole like me RIP, ʻaʻole ia e hana i nā hoalauna. Hoʻololi pū ʻo RIP i nā papa kuhikuhi me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka protocol, akā hana ʻo OSPF i kahi pili ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kēia hoʻololi. Hana like ka EIGRP.
Hoʻoponopono ka protocol RIP i ka papa kuhikuhi holoʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia 30 kekona a hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā pilina āpau a me nā ala āpau i kona mau hoalauna āpau. EIGRP 'aʻole hana manawa piha IeAIIeXIAaIEN o ka 'ike, ma kahi o ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻolaha Hello memo ma ke ala like e OSPF hana. I kēlā me kēia mau kekona, hoʻouna ʻo ia i kahi Aloha e hōʻoia i ka "ola" ka hoalauna.
ʻAʻole like me ka protocol vector mamao, e nānā ana i ka topology pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e hana i kahi ala, EIGRP, e like me RIP, hana i nā ala e pili ana i nā lono. Ke'ōlelo nei au i nā lono, ke'ōlelo nei au i ka wā e hōʻike ai kekahi hoalauna i kekahi mea, uaʻaeʻo EIGRP me ka nīnauʻole. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā'ōlelo kekahi hoalauna uaʻikeʻo ia i ka hikiʻana i 10.1.1.2, manaʻoʻiʻoʻo EIGRP iā ia me ka nīnauʻole, "Peheaʻoe iʻike ai? E haʻi mai iaʻu e pili ana i ka topology o ka pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa!
Ma mua o ka makahiki 2013, inā ʻoe e hoʻohana wale nei i ka ʻenehana Cisco, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka EIGRP, no ka mea, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia protocol i ka makahiki 1994. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake nā hui he nui, ʻoiai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lako Cisco, e hana me kēia āpau. I koʻu manaʻo, ʻo EIGRP ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka routing protocol i kēia lā no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana, akā makemake nā kānaka i ka OSPF. Manaʻo wau no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou makemake e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā huahana Cisco. Akā ua hoʻolaha ʻo Cisco i kēia protocol no ka mea kākoʻo ʻo ia i nā lako pūnaewele ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e like me Juniper, a inā ʻoe e hui pū me kahi hui hoʻohana ʻole i nā lako Cisco, ʻaʻole ʻoe e pilikia.
E hele mākou i kahi huakaʻi pōkole i ka mōʻaukala o nā protocol network.
ʻO ka protocol RIPv1, i ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1980, he mau palena, no ka laʻana, ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā hops o 16, a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i ke ala ala ma nā pūnaewele nui. Ma hope iki, ua hoʻomohala lākou i ka protocol routing protocol IGRP i loko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o RIP. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o kahi protocol vector mamao ma mua o kahi protocol state link. I ka hopena o nā makahiki 80, ua puka mai kahi maʻamau ākea, ʻo ka OSPFv2 link state protocol no IPv4.
I nā makahiki 90 mua, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Cisco e pono e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka IGRP a hoʻokuʻu i ka Enhanced Internal Gateway Routing Protocol EIGRP. Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o OSPF no ka mea ua hui pū ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o RIP a me OSPF. Ke hoʻomaka nei mākou e ʻimi, e ʻike ʻoe i ka EIGRP ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻonohonoho ma mua o OSPF. Ua ho'āʻo ʻo Cisco e hana i kahi protocol e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hoʻohui pūnaewele wikiwiki loa.
I ka hopena o nā makahiki 90, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi mana papa ʻole o ka protocol RIPv2. I ka makahiki 2000, ua puka mai ke kolu o ka mana o OSPF, RIPng a me EIGRPv6, i kākoʻo i ka protocol IPv6. Ke neʻe mālie nei ka honua i kahi hoʻololi piha i IPv6, a makemake nā mea hoʻomohala protocol e mākaukau no kēia.
Inā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo, ua aʻo mākou i ke koho ʻana i ke ala maikaʻi loa, ʻo RIP, ma ke ʻano he protocol vector mamao, alakaʻi ʻia e hoʻokahi criterion - ʻo ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā hops, a i ʻole ka palena liʻiliʻi loa i ke kikowaena huakaʻi. No laila, koho ʻo router R1 i kahi ala pololei i ka router R3, ʻoiai ʻo ka wikiwiki o kēia ala he 64 kbit/s - he mau manawa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka wikiwiki ma ke ala R1-R2-R3, e like me 1544 kbit/s. E noʻonoʻo ka protocol RIP i kahi ala lohi o ka lōʻihi hop i mea maikaʻi loa ma mua o ke ala wikiwiki o 2 hop.
E aʻo ʻo OSPF i ka topology pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa a hoʻoholo e hoʻohana i ke ala ma o R3 ma ke ʻano he ala wikiwiki no ke kamaʻilio ʻana me R2. Hoʻohana ʻo RIP i ka helu o nā hops e like me kāna metric, ʻoiai ʻo ka metric OSPF ke kumu kūʻai, ʻo ia ka nui o nā hihia e like me ka bandwidth o ka loulou.
EIGRP no hoi ka nānā 'ana ma ke ala ala, akā, kona metric ua oi paʻakikī ma mua o OSPF a hilinaʻi ma luna o nā kumu he nui, e like me Bandwidth, hoʻopaneʻe, hilinaʻi, Loading, a me ka loa MTU. No ka laʻana, inā ʻoi aku ka hoʻouka ʻana o kekahi node ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e kālailai ʻo EIGRP i ka ukana ma ke ala holoʻokoʻa a koho i kahi node me ka haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi.
Ma ka papa CCNA e noʻonoʻo wale mākou i nā kumu hoʻokumu metric e like me Bandwidth a me Delay; ʻo ia nā mea e hoʻohana ai ka metric formula.
Hoʻohana ʻo RIP i nā manaʻo ʻelua: ka mamao a me ke kuhikuhi. Inā loaʻa iā mākou he 3 mau mea ala, a pili kekahi o lākou i ka pūnaewele 20.0.0.0, a laila e koho ʻia ke koho ma kahi mamao - he mau hops kēia, i kēia hihia 1 hop, a ma ke kuhikuhi ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ke ala - luna. a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa - e hoʻouna i nā kaʻa.
Eia hou, hoʻohana ʻo RIP i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike, ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi papa kuhikuhi holoʻokoʻa ma ka pūnaewele i kēlā me kēia 30 kekona. Hana kēia mea hou i 2 mau mea. ʻO ka mua, ʻo ia ka hōʻano hou o ka papa kuhikuhi, ʻo ka lua ke nānā i ka hiki o ka hoalauna. Inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka hāmeʻa kahi hōʻano hou papa pane a i ʻole ka ʻike ala ala hou mai ka hoalauna i loko o 30 kekona, maopopo ia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia ke ala i ka hoalauna. Hoʻouna ka mea alalai i kahi mea hou i kēlā me kēia 30 kekona e ʻike ai inā e ola mau ana ka hoalauna a inā pololei ke ala.
E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana Split Horizon e pale i nā puka ala. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka mea hou i ka interface kahi i hele mai ai. ʻO ka ʻenehana ʻelua no ka pale ʻana i nā puka lou ʻo Route Poison. Inā hoʻopauʻia ka pilina me ka pūnaewele 20.0.0.0 i hōʻikeʻia ma ke kiʻi, e hoʻouna ka mea alalai i hoʻopiliʻia i kahi "alaʻawaʻawa" i kona mau hoalauna, kahi e hōʻike ai ua hiki ke loaʻa kēia pūnaewele i 16 hops,ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ole ke loaa. ʻO kēia ka hana o ka protocol RIP.
Pehea e hana ai ka EIGRP? Inā hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe mai nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka OSPF, hana kēia protocol i ʻekolu mau hana: hoʻokumu ia i kahi kaiāulu, hoʻohana iā LSA e hoʻonui i ka LSDB e like me nā loli i ka topology pūnaewele, a kūkulu i kahi papa kuhikuhi. ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kaiāulu kahi hana paʻakikī e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻāpana he nui. No ka laʻana, nānā a hoʻololi i kahi pilina 2WAY - noho kekahi mau pilina ma ke kūlana kamaʻilio ʻelua ala, hele kekahi i ka mokuʻāina FULL. ʻAʻole like me OSPF, ʻaʻole hiki kēia i ka protocol EIGRP - nānā ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana 4 wale nō.
E like me OSPF, hoʻouna kēia protocol i kahi memo Hello i loaʻa nā ʻāpana 10 i kēlā me kēia 4 kekona. ʻO ka mua ka hōʻoia hōʻoia, inā ua hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia. I kēia hihia, pono nā ʻaoʻao āpau i hoʻokumu ʻia e pili ana i nā ʻāpana hōʻoia like.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻelua e nānā inā pili nā polokalamu i ka ʻōnaehana autonomous like, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻokumu i kahi pili me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka protocol EIGRP, pono nā mea ʻelua i ka helu ʻōnaehana autonomous like. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kolu o ka ʻāpana e nānā i ka hoʻouna ʻia ʻana o nā memo Hello mai ka helu IP Source like.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻehā ʻehā e nānā i ka kūlike o nā ʻano K-Values coefficients. Hoʻohana ka protocol EIRGP i 5 o ia mau helu mai K1 a i K5. Inā hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe, inā mālama ʻole ʻia nā ʻāpana K = 0, akā inā ʻo K = 1, a laila hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana ma ke ʻano no ka helu ʻana i ke ana. No laila, pono e like nā waiwai o K1-5 no nā mea like ʻole. Ma ka papa CCNA e lawe mākou i nā waiwai paʻamau o kēia mau coefficients: K1 a me K3 e like me 1, a me K2, K4 a me K5 e like me 0.
No laila, inā pili kēia mau ʻāpana 4, hoʻokumu ʻo EIGRP i kahi pilina hoa pili a komo nā mea i kekahi i ka papaʻaina. A laila, hoʻololi i ka papa topology.
Hoʻouna ʻia nā memo Hello āpau i ka helu IP multicast 224.0.0.10, a hoʻouna ʻia nā mea hou, e pili ana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, i nā helu unicast o nā hoalauna a i ka helu multicast. ʻAʻole hiki mai kēia hōʻano hou ma luna o UDP a i ʻole TCP, akā hoʻohana i kahi protocol ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo RTP, Reliable Transport Protocol. Ke nānā nei kēia protocol inā ua loaʻa i ka hoalauna kahi mea hou, a e like me ka hōʻike ʻana o kona inoa, ʻo kāna hana koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi kamaʻilio. Inā ʻaʻole i hiki ka mea hou i ka hoalauna, e hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka hoʻouna ʻana a loaʻa i ka hoalauna. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka OSPF kahi hana e nānā ai i ka mea hoʻokipa, no laila ʻaʻole ʻike ka ʻōnaehana inā loaʻa nā mea pili i ka hoʻonui a ʻaʻole paha.
Inā hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe, hoʻouna ʻo RIP i kahi mea hou o ka topology pūnaewele piha i kēlā me kēia 30 kekona. Hana wale ʻo EIGRP i kēia inā ʻike ʻia kahi mea hou ma ka pūnaewele a i ʻole kekahi mau loli. Inā loli ka topology subnet, e hoʻouna ka protocol i kahi mea hou, akā ʻaʻole ka papa topology piha, akā ʻo nā moʻolelo wale nō me kēia hoʻololi. Inā hoʻololi kahi subnet, ʻo kona topology wale nō e hoʻonui ʻia. Me he mea lā he hōʻano hou kēia e kū nei inā pono.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, hoʻouna ʻo OSPF i nā LSA i kēlā me kēia 30 mau minuke, me ka nānā ʻole inā he mau loli i ka pūnaewele. ʻAʻole e hoʻouna ʻo EIGRP i nā mea hou no kahi manawa lōʻihi a hiki i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pūnaewele. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka EIGRP ma mua o OSPF.
Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea hoʻokele i nā pūʻolo hoʻonui, hoʻomaka ke kolu o ka pae - ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi papa kuhikuhi e pili ana i ka metric, i helu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi. Heluhelu ʻo ia i ke kumukūʻai a hoʻoholo ma muli o kēia kumukūʻai.
E noʻonoʻo kākou ua hoʻouna ʻo R1 i ke Aloha iā R2, a ua hoʻouna kēlā mea hoʻolale iā Hello iā R1. Inā kūpono nā ʻāpana āpau, hana nā mea hoʻokele i kahi papa o nā hoalauna. Ma kēia pākaukau, kākau ʻo R2 i kahi helu e pili ana i ke alalai R1, a hana ʻo R1 i kahi helu e pili ana iā R2. Ma hope o kēia, hoʻouna ʻo router R1 i ka mea hou i ka pūnaewele 10.1.1.0/24 pili iā ia. Ma ka papa routing, ua like ia me ka ʻike e pili ana i ka IP address o ka pūnaewele, ke kikowaena router e hāʻawi i ke kamaʻilio me ia, a me ke kumukūʻai o ke ala ma o kēia interface. Inā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o EIGRP he 90, a laila hōʻike ʻia ka waiwai Distance, a mākou e kamaʻilio ai ma hope.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka metric formula piha, no ka mea, aia nā waiwai o nā coefficient K a me nā loli like ʻole. Hāʻawi ʻia ke ʻano piha o ke ʻano ma ka pūnaewele Cisco, akā inā ʻoe e hoʻololi i nā waiwai paʻamau o nā coefficients, e hoʻololi ʻia ia i kahi ʻano maʻalahi - e like ka metric me (bandwidth + Delay) * 256.
E hoʻohana wale mākou i kēia ʻano maʻalahi o ke ʻano e helu ai i ka metric, kahi o ka bandwidth i nā kilobits e like me 107, i puʻunaue ʻia e ka bandwidth liʻiliʻi loa o nā loulou āpau e alakaʻi ana i ka pūnaewele huakaʻi liʻiliʻi-bandwidth, a ʻo ka cumulative-lohi ka huina. hoʻopaneʻe i loko o nā ʻumi microseconds no nā pilina āpau e alakaʻi ana i ka pūnaewele huakaʻi.
I ke aʻo ʻana i ka EIGRP, pono mākou e hoʻomaopopo i nā wehewehe ʻehā: Feasible Distance, Reported Distance, Successor (ka mea hoʻokele hoalauna me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa i ka pūnaewele huakaʻi), a me Feasible Successor (backup neighbor router). No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o kā lākou manaʻo, e noʻonoʻo i kēia topology pūnaewele.
E hoʻomaka kākou ma ka hana ʻana i kahi papa kuhikuhi R1 e koho i ke ala maikaʻi loa i ka pūnaewele 10.1.1.0/24. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o kēlā me kēia hāmeʻa e hōʻike ʻia ka throughput i kbit/s a me ka latency i ms. Hoʻohana mākou i ka 100 Mbps a i ʻole 1000000 kbps GigabitEthernet interfaces, 100000 kbps FastEthernet, 10000 kbps Ethernet, a me 1544 kbps mau kikowaena serial. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau waiwai ma ka nānā ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā pili kino pili i nā hoʻonohonoho router.
ʻO ka 1544 kbps ka palena maʻamau o nā kikowaena Serial, a inā he laina 64 kbps kāu, ʻo 1544 kbps mau ka throughput. No laila, ma ke ʻano he luna pūnaewele, pono ʻoe e hōʻoia e hoʻohana ana ʻoe i ka waiwai bandwidth kūpono. No kahi kikowaena kikoʻī, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kauoha bandwidth, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kauoha lohi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ka waiwai lohi paʻamau. ʻAʻole ʻoe e hopohopo e pili ana i nā waiwai bandwidth paʻamau no GigabitEthernet a i ʻole Ethernet interface, akā e makaʻala i ke koho ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka laina inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i kahi interface Serial.
E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo i kēia kiʻi ua hōʻike ʻia ka lohi ma ka milliseconds ms, akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he microseconds, ʻaʻohe oʻu leka μ e kuhikuhi pololei i nā microseconds μs.
E ʻoluʻolu e nānā pono i kēia ʻike. Inā hoʻopuka ʻoe i ke kauoha hōʻikeʻike g0/0, e hōʻike ka ʻōnaehana i ka latency i nā ʻumi microseconds ma mua o nā microseconds wale nō.
E nānā mākou i kēia pilikia ma ka wikiō aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka EIGRP, no ka mea, e hoʻomanaʻo i ka wā e hoʻololi ai i nā waiwai latency i ke ʻano, 100 μs mai ke kiʻikuhi e lilo i 10, no ka mea, hoʻohana ke ʻano he ʻumi microseconds, ʻaʻole nā ʻāpana.
Ma ke kiʻikuhi, e hōʻike aku au me nā kiko ʻulaʻula i nā pilina e pili ana i nā throughputs i hōʻike ʻia a me nā lohi.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono mākou e hoʻoholo i ka hiki ke Fesible Distance. ʻO kēia ka metric FD, i helu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano. No ka pauku mai R5 a hiki i ka pūnaewele waho, pono mākou e puʻunaue i ka 107 me 106, no ka mea, loaʻa iā mākou ka 10. A laila, i kēia waiwai bandwidth pono mākou e hoʻohui i kahi lohi like me 1, no ka mea he 10 microseconds, ʻo ia hoʻi, hookahi umi. Pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka waiwai o 11 me 256, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo 2816 ka waiwai metric. ʻO kēia ka waiwai FD no kēia ʻāpana o ka pūnaewele.
E hoʻouna ʻo Router R5 i kēia waiwai i ka mea hoʻokele R2, a no R2 e lilo ia i hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia ʻo Distance Reported, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka waiwai i haʻi ʻia e ka hoalauna. No laila, ʻo ka mamao RD i hoʻolaha ʻia no nā mea hana ʻē aʻe a pau e like me ka mamao FD hiki o ka hāmeʻa i hōʻike iā ʻoe.
Hana ʻo Router R2 i nā helu FD ma muli o kāna ʻikepili, ʻo ia hoʻi, e puʻunaue i ka 107 me 105 a loaʻa iā 100. A laila hoʻohui ia i kēia waiwai i ka huina o nā lohi ma ke ala i ka pūnaewele waho: ʻO ka lohi o R5, e like me hoʻokahi ʻumi microseconds, a kona lohi ponoi, ua like me ka umi umi. ʻO ka lohi holoʻokoʻa he 11 mau ʻumi microseconds. Hoʻohui mākou iā ia i ka haneli a loaʻa ka 111, hoʻonui i kēia waiwai me 256 a loaʻa ka waiwai FD = 28416. Hana like ʻo Router R3, e loaʻa ana ma hope o ka helu ʻana i ka waiwai FD=281856. Hoʻohelu ʻo Router R4 i ka waiwai FD=3072 a hoʻouna iā ia i R1 ma ke ʻano he RD.
E ʻoluʻolu, i ka helu ʻana i ka FD, ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ke alalai R1 i kāna bandwidth ponoʻī o 1000000 kbit/s i loko o ke kumu, akā ʻo ka bandwidth haʻahaʻa o ka router R2, ua like ia me 100000 kbit/s, no ka mea, hoʻohana mau ke kumu i ka bandwidth haʻahaʻa o ke alahele e alakaʻi ana i ka pūnaewele huakaʻi . I kēia hihia, aia nā mea hoʻokele R10.1.1.0 a me R24 ma ke ala i ka pūnaewele 2/5, akā no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka bandwidth o ka mea alalai ʻelima, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka waiwai bandwidth liʻiliʻi loa o ka router R2 i ke ʻano. ʻO ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa ma ke ala R1-R2-R5 he 1+10+1 (mau ʻumi) = 12, ʻo 100 ka hoʻemi ʻana, a ʻo ka huina o kēia mau helu i hoʻonui ʻia me 256 e hāʻawi i ka waiwai FD=30976.
No laila, ua helu nā mea hana a pau i ka FD o kā lākou mau pilina, a he 1 ala ala kaʻa R3 e alakaʻi ana i ka pūnaewele huakaʻi. ʻO kēia nā ala R1-R2, R1-R3 a me R1-R4. Koho ka mea alalai i ka waiwai liʻiliʻi o ka mamao hiki ke FD, e like me 30976 - ʻo ia ke ala i ka router R2. Lilo kēia mea alalai i ka Successor, a i ʻole "successor". Hōʻike ka papa kuhikuhi i ka Feasible Successor (backup successor) - ʻo ia hoʻi inā ua haki ka pilina ma waena o R1 a me Successor, e hoʻokele ʻia ke ala ma o ka mea hoʻokele Feasible Successor.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā mea hoʻokō kūpono e like me ke kānāwai hoʻokahi: ʻo ka mamao i hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo RD o kēia router pono e emi iho ma mua o ka FD o ke alalai ma ka ʻāpana i ka Successor. I kā mākou hihia, ua like ʻo R1-R2 i FD = 30976, ʻo RD ma ka ʻāpana R1-K3 e like me 281856, a ʻo RD ma ka ʻāpana R1-R4 e like me 3072. Mai ka 3072 <30976, ua koho ʻia ka mea hoʻokele R4 e like me nā mea hiki ke koho.
ʻO ia ke ʻano inā hoʻopau ʻia ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma ka ʻāpana pūnaewele R1-R2, e hoʻouna ʻia ke kaʻa i ka pūnaewele 10.1.1.0/24 ma ke ala R1-R4-R5. Ke hoʻololi nei i kahi ala i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka RIP e lawe i kekahi mau ʻumi kekona, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka OSPF e lawe i kekahi mau kekona, a ma EIGRP hiki koke. ʻO kēia kahi pono ʻē aʻe o EIGRP ma mua o nā protocol routing ʻē aʻe.
He aha ka hopena inā hoʻopau ʻia ʻo Successor a me Fesible Successor i ka manawa like? I kēia hihia, hoʻohana ʻo EIGRP i ka DUAL algorithm, hiki ke helu i kahi ala hoʻihoʻi ma o kahi mea pani. He mau kekona paha kēia, a i ka manawa e loaʻa ai iā EIGRP kekahi hoalauna e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ke kaʻa a kau i kāna ʻikepili i ka papa kuhikuhi. Ma hope o kēia, e hoʻomau ka protocol i kāna hana maʻamau.
Mahalo no kou noho pū ʻana me mākou. Makemake ʻoe i kā mākou ʻatikala? Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā mea hoihoi hou aʻe? E kākoʻo iā mākou ma ke kau ʻana i kahi kauoha a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻana i nā hoaaloha, 30% ho'ēmi no nā mea hoʻohana Habr ma kahi kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa o nā kikowaena helu komo, i hana ʻia e mākou no ʻoe: (loaʻa me RAID1 a me RAID10, a hiki i 24 cores a hiki i 40GB DDR4).
ʻO Dell R730xd 2 mau manawa maʻalahi? Eia wale nō ma Netherlands! Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - mai $99! Heluhelu e pili ana
Source: www.habr.com