PXE boot menu me System Center Configuration Manager
Ke noʻonoʻo nei mākou e hoʻonui i nā mana o System Center Configuration Manager (he huahana no ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana IT) i ka wā e hoʻouka ai i nā PC mea hoʻohana ma luna o kahi pūnaewele me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā PXE. Hoʻokumu mākou i kahi papa kuhikuhi boot ma muli o PXELinux me ka hana ʻo System Center a hoʻohui i ka anti-virus scanning, diagnostic and recovery images. I ka pau ʻana o ka ʻatikala, hoʻopā mākou i nā hiʻohiʻona o System Center 2012 Configuration Manager i hui pū me Windows Deployment Services (WDS) i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ma PXE.
Hana mākou i nā hana a pau ma kahi kaiapuni hoʻāʻo i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo System Center 2012 Configuration Manager SP1, kahi mea hoʻokele domain, a me kekahi mau mīkini hoʻāʻo. Ua manaʻo ʻia ke kau nei ʻo SCCM ma luna o ka pūnaewele me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā PXE.
komo
ʻO ke kaiapuni hoʻāʻo he mau mīkini virtual. Loaʻa nā mīkini a pau iā Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 (x64) malihini OS i hoʻokomo ʻia, E1000 mea hoʻopili pūnaewele, SCSI Controller: LSI Logic SAS
Ka inoa (Nā Hana)
IP address / inoa DNS
Hanaʻia
SCCM (Ka Luna Hoʻonohonoho Pūnaehana Pūnaewele)
192.168.57.102
sccm2012.test.local
Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo System Center Configur Manager 2012 SP1
DC (AD,DHCP,DNS)
192.168.57.10
dc1.test.local
ʻO ke kuleana o ka luna hoʻomalu, DHCP server a me DNS server
TEST (Mīkini ho'āʻo)
192.168.57.103
hoʻāʻo. hoʻāʻo.local
No ka hoʻāʻo ʻana
G.W. (Ipuka)
192.168.57.1
Ke alahele ma waena o nā pūnaewele. Māhele ʻīpuka
1. Hoʻohui PXELinux iā SCCM
Hana mākou i nā hana ma ka mīkini kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka System Center Configuration Manager
E hoʻoholo i ka papa kuhikuhi kahi i loaʻa ai nā faila WDS no ka hoʻoiho ʻana, no kēia ke nānā nei mākou i ka papa inoa no ka waiwai o ka parameter. RootFolder ma kahi lālā HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetservicesWDSServerProvidersWDSTFTP
Waiwai paʻamau C:RemoteInstall
Aia nā faila e hoʻoiho mai ka wahi hoʻolaha SCCM ma nā papa kuhikuhi smsbootx86 и smsbootx64 ma muli o ka hoʻolālā.
ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻonohonoho i kahi papa kuhikuhi no ka hoʻolālā 32-bit, ma ka paʻamau c:Remoteinstallsmsbootx86
Hoʻoiho i ka waihona me ka mea hou loa syslinux . Kope mai syslinux-5.01.zip i c:Remoteinstallsmsbootx86 nā faila penei: memdisk, chain.c32, ldlinux.c32, libcom32.c32, libutil.c32, pxechn.c32, vesamenu.c32, pxelinux.0
Pono nā faila hou e pale aku i kēlā hewa.
В c:Remoteinstallsmsbootx86 inoa hou pxelinux.0 в pxelinux.com
Ma nā palapala c:remoteinstallsmsbootx86 hana kope abortpxe.com a kapa hou i ka inoa abortpxe.0
Inā ʻaʻole inoa hou i ka hoʻonui .0, a laila no ka laʻana ke aʻo
Kernel abortpxe.com
e hāʻule me kēia hewa: ʻAʻole i hāʻule ka booting kernel: Helu faila hewa
No PXELINUX, pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hoʻonui file download e like me ka pā
none or other Linux kernel image
.0 PXE bootstrap program (NBP) [PXELINUX only]
.bin "CD boot sector" [ISOLINUX only]
.bs Boot sector [SYSLINUX only]
.bss Boot sector, DOS superblock will be patched in [SYSLINUX only]
.c32 COM32 image (32-bit COMBOOT)
.cbt COMBOOT image (not runnable from DOS)
.com COMBOOT image (runnable from DOS)
.img Disk image [ISOLINUX only]
I ʻole e kaomi i ke kī F12 i nā manawa he nui i ka hoʻouka ʻana iā SCCM ma o ka papa kuhikuhi, hoʻololi i ka inoa pxeboot.com i pxeboot.com.f12, kope i pxeboot.n12 i pxeboot.com
Inā ʻaʻole i hana ʻia kēia, a laila i ke koho ʻana, e loaʻa iā mākou kēlā memo i kēlā me kēia manawa 'Ōlelo Aʻo: Mai poina e hoʻololi i kēia mau faila ma ka waihona x64 pū kekahi. ke hoouka x86wdsnbp.com mai ka waihona x86, hoʻoholo ka mea hoʻoili i ka ʻōnaehana hana a hoʻouka ʻia ka faila aʻe mai ka waihona me ka hoʻolālā kūpono. No laila, no x64, ʻaʻole e loaʻa ka faila ma hope x86pxeboot.coma me ka x64pxeboot.com
Hoʻoiho / hana background.png, hoʻonā 640x480, kope i ka waihona like. Hana i kahi waihona ISO kahi e waiho ai mākou i nā kiʻi ISO. Hana i kahi waihona pxelinux.cfg no nā configs.
I loko o ka waihona pxelinux.cfg, e hana i kahi faila paʻamau, ma kahi hoʻopāpā non-unicode, me ka ʻike. paʻamau (Kaomi e hōʻike)
# используем графическое меню
DEFAULT vesamenu.c32
PROMPT 0
timeout 80
TOTALTIMEOUT 9000
MENU TITLE PXE Boot Menu (x86)
MENU INCLUDE pxelinux.cfg/graphics.conf
MENU AUTOBOOT Starting Local System in 8 seconds
# Boot local HDD (default)
LABEL bootlocal
menu label Boot Local
menu default
localboot 0x80
# if it doesn't work
#kernel chain.c32
#append hd0
# Вход в меню по паролю Qwerty, алгоритм MD5
label av
menu label Antivirus and tools
menu PASSWD $1$15opgKTx$dP/IaLNiCbfECiC2KPkDC0
kernel vesamenu.c32
append pxelinux.cfgav.conf
label sccm
menu label Start to SCCM
COM32 pxechn.c32
APPEND sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx86wdsnbp.com -W
label pxe64
menu label Start to x64 pxelinux
COM32 pxechn.c32
APPEND sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx64pxelinux.com
LABEL Abort
MENU LABEL Exit
KERNEL abortpxe.0
Ma nā palapala pxelinux.cfg hana i faila graphics.conf me ka maʻiʻo graphics.conf (Kaomi e hōʻike)
MENU MARGIN 10
MENU ROWS 16
MENU TABMSGROW 21
MENU TIMEOUTROW 26
MENU COLOR BORDER 30;44 #00000000 #00000000 none
MENU COLOR SCROLLBAR 30;44 #00000000 #00000000 none
MENU COLOR TITLE 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
MENU COLOR SEL 30;47 #40000000 #20ffffff
MENU BACKGROUND background.png
NOESCAPE 0
ALLOWOPTIONS 0
Ma nā palapala pxelinux.cfg hana i faila av.conf me ka maʻiʻo av.conf (Kaomi e hōʻike)
DEFAULT vesamenu.c32
PROMPT 0
MENU TITLE Antivirus and tools
MENU INCLUDE pxelinux.cfg/graphics.conf
label main menu
menu label return to main menu
kernel vesamenu.c32
append pxelinux.cfg/default
label drweb
menu label DrWeb
kernel memdisk
append iso raw initrd=isodrweb.iso
label eset
menu label Eset
kernel memdisk
append iso raw initrd=isoeset_sysrescue.iso
label kav
menu label KAV Rescue CD
KERNEL kav/rescue
APPEND initrd=kav/rescue.igz root=live rootfstype=auto vga=791 init=/init kav_lang=ru udev liveimg doscsi nomodeset quiet splash
#Загружаем ISO по полному пути, можно загружать с другого TFTP
label winpe
menu label WinPE from another TFTP
kernel sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx86memdisk
append iso raw initrd=sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx86isoWinPE_RaSla.iso
label clonezilla
menu label Clonezilla
kernel memdisk
append iso raw initrd=isoclonezilla.iso
ʻO ka hopena, aia ka papa kuhikuhi c:remoteinstallsmsbootx86 i ka hale
No ka hale hoʻolālā x64, kope like mākou a hana i ke ʻano like i loko o ka waihona c:remoteinstallsmsbootx64
Hoʻohui
I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kauoha menu PASSWD hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻōlelo huna e like me ia, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i kahi hashing algorithm ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka pūlima pili i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka palena.
ʻO Algorithm
kakauinoa
MD5
$1 $
SHA-1
$4 $
SHA-2-256
$5 $
SHA-2-512
$6 $
No laila no ka password Qwerty a me MD5 algorithm
menu PASSWD $1$15opgKTx$dP/IaLNiCbfECiC2KPkDC0
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi ʻōlelo huna, no ka laʻana, ma o ka mea hana hash pūnaewele www.insidepro.com/hashes.php?lang=rus, laina MD5(Unix)
2. Hoʻonohonoho i ka pahu PXELinux
I kēia manawa e hōʻike mākou pehea e hoʻouka ai i ka pxelinux.com a loaʻa i ka papa kuhikuhi.
ʻAʻole hana ma SCCM ka wehewehe ʻana i ka bootloader pxelinux.com ma o ka hana WDS. Nānā Kauoha
ʻaʻole i hana ʻia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kiʻi boot ma ka holo ʻana i ke kauoha hoʻonohonoho kikowaena WDS
wdsutil /get-server /show:images
No laila, ma SCCM 2012, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi i kāu faila no ka hoʻoiho PXE i ka mea hoʻolako SMSPXE. No laila, e hoʻonohonoho mākou i ka wahi hana o ka server DHCP.
Ma nā ʻāpana o ka wahi hana DHCP, e hoʻonohonoho i nā ʻāpana e like me ka pā
Koho DHCP
Inoa Parameter
waiwai
066
Ka inoa o ka mea hoʻohana boot server
sccm2012.test.local
067
Ka inoa bootfile
smsbootx86pxelinux.com
006
Nā kikowaena DNS
192.168.57.10
015
DNS Domain Name
hoʻāʻo.local
Ma ke koho 066 mākou e kuhikuhi i ka inoa FQDN o ka server sccm, ma ke koho 067 mākou e kuhikuhi i ke ala i ka x86 bootloader pxelinux.com e hoʻomaka ana mai ke kumu TFTP, ma ke koho 006 mākou e kuhikuhi i ka IP address o ka server DNS. Inā hoʻohana ʻia kahi inoa kikowaena pōkole ma ke koho 066, ma ke koho 015 mākou e kuhikuhi i ka suffix DNS o ka domain.
Hoʻohui
Ua wehewehe ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho DHCP i nā kikoʻī hou aku mvgolubevmaanei. Akā ma DC ʻO ke koho 150, ka helu IP server TFTP, ua nalo mai nā hoʻonohonoho scope DHCP, a ʻaʻole i hana ka koho 150 ma o netsh.
3. Nānā i ka hana
Ua pau nā hoʻonohonoho kumu a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka e nānā. Hōʻike mākou ma ka kamepiula hōʻike i ka BIOS ua hoʻouka ʻia ma luna o ka pūnaewele a hoʻouka ʻia i ka papa kuhikuhi
E koho i ka mea «Start to SCCM» a inā hāʻawi ʻia kahi kaʻina hana i ke kamepiula, a laila ma hope o kekahi manawa e ʻike ʻia ka puka makani "Task Sequence Wizard" e koi ana iā ʻoe e hoʻokomo i kahi ʻōlelo huna.
E hoʻomaka hou i ka mīkini, e hoʻi i ka papa kuhikuhi, koho i ka papa kuhikuhi «Antivirus and tools» a komo i ka ʻōlelo huna Qwerty
Koho mākou i kahi mea ʻole a nānā i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ke kiʻi ISO i ka hoʻomanaʻo
Ke kali nei a ʻike i ka hopena
Ua pau ka hōʻoia ʻana
4. Nā hoʻonohonoho hou a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Hoʻonohonoho alahele
Inā ʻo ka mea kūʻai aku, ke kikowaena DHCP a me ke kikowaena e loaʻa ana ka mea hoʻoili pūnaewele i loko o ka ʻāpana pūnaewele like, ʻaʻole koi ʻia kahi hoʻonohonoho hou. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa ka mea kūʻai aku a me ka server DHCP a i ʻole WDS/SCCM server ma nā ʻāpana pūnaewele like ʻole, pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kāu mau mea ala e hoʻouna i nā ʻeke hoʻolaha mai ka mea kūʻai aku i ka server DHCP ikaika a me ka server WDS/SCCM ikaika. Ma ka palapala Pelekane, ʻike ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo "IP Helper table updates". I kēia hihia, ʻo ka mea kūʻai aku, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi IP address, hoʻopili pololei i ke kikowaena i loaʻa ka mea hoʻoili pūnaewele ma o nā ʻeke DHCP i mea e hoʻoiho ai i ka loader pūnaewele.
No nā mea hoʻokele Cisco, e hoʻohana i ke kauoha
ip helper-address {ip address}
kahi {ip address} kikowaena DHCP a i ʻole WDS/SCCM kikowaena kikowaena. Hoʻouna pū kēia kauoha i nā ʻeke hoʻolaha UDP
Port
Pūnaewele
69
TFTP
53
Pūnaehana inoa Domain (DNS)
37
Hana manawa
137
NetBIOS Name Server
138
Pūnaewele Pūnaewele NetBIOS
67
Kūkākūkā Bootstrap (BOOTP)
49
TACACS
ʻO ke ala ʻelua no ka mea kūʻai aku e loaʻa ai ka ʻike e pili ana i ka loader pūnaewele pololei mai ka server DHCP e kuhikuhi i nā koho 60,66,67 ma ka server DHCP. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka koho DHCP 60 me ka waiwai «PXEClient» i nā ʻāpana DHCP a pau, inā wale nō e mālama ʻia ka server DHCP ma ka kikowaena like me Windows Deployment Services. Ma kēia hihia, kamaʻilio pololei ka mea kūʻai aku me ka Windows Deployment Services server me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā TFTP ma UDP port 4011 ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka DHCP. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia kēia ʻano hana e Microsoft ma muli o nā pilikia me ke kaupaona ʻana, ka lawelawe hewa ʻana i nā koho DHCP a me nā koho pane ʻana o Windows Deployment Services ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea kūʻai aku. A no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻelua mau koho DHCP 66 a me 67 hiki iā ʻoe ke kāpae i nā ʻāpana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ka server boot network.
Pono ʻoe e wehe i nā awa UDP aʻe ma ka Windows Deployment Services server
awa 67 (DHCP)
awa 69 (TFTP)
awa 4011 (PXE)
a me ka awa 68 inā koi ʻia ka mana DHCP ma ke kikowaena.
E hele ka hoʻouka ʻana mai kahi disk kūloko. A i ka wā e hōʻike ana i kahi waiwai kikoʻī 0x00 mai ka diski (primary) floppy disk, i ka wā e kuhikuhi ana i ka 0x80 mai ka diski paʻa mua (primary). Ma ka hoololi ana i ke kauoha i
localboot 0x80
ua hoʻouka ʻia ka OS kūloko.
Inā pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai kahi diski kikoʻī, ʻāpana a kauoha paha localboot ʻAʻole hana, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā mana o ka module chain.c32. Ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana, e hoʻohana i ke kauoha append e kuhikuhi i kahi disk a i ʻole ka ʻāpana disk, hoʻomaka ka helu disk mai 0, hoʻomaka ka helu ʻana mai ka 1. inā wehewehe ʻia ka ʻāpana 0, hoʻouka ʻia ka MBR. Ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kahi disk, hiki ke kāpae ʻia ka ʻāpana.
Ke kauoha a me ka wehewehe ʻana i ka hoʻoiho ʻana i nā faila ma PXE
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻatikala, aia ka papa kuhikuhi kahi i loaʻa ai nā faila WDS no ka hoʻoiho ʻana i loko o ka waiwai o ka parameter. RootFolder ma ka lālā kakau HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetservicesWDSServerProvidersWDSTFTP
Waiwai paʻamau C:RemoteInstall
Eia ma ka palena ReadFilter kuhikuhi ʻia nā papa kuhikuhi kahi e ʻimi ai ka server TFTP i nā faila e hoʻoiho, e hoʻomaka ana mai ke kumu. Me ka SCCM 2012 SP1 i kau ʻia, ʻo kēia hoʻonohonoho
boot*
tmp*
SMSBoot*
SMSTemp*
SMSImages*
Inā hoʻololi ʻoe i ka waiwai hoʻohālikelike i * a laila e hana ʻia nā faila a pau i loko o ka papa kuhikuhi RemoteInstall.
Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke kuleana kiko hoʻolaha SCCM 2012 i ka waiwai hoʻopaʻa inoa ProvidersOrderaia ma ka lala HKLMSystemCurrentControlSetWDSServerProvidersWDSPXE
ʻO ka pākuhi ProvidersOrder hiki ke lawe waiwai
SMSPXE
wahi lawelawe PXE ma SCCM
SMS.PXE.Kāna
Mea hoʻohana palapala PXE mai MDT (Microsoft Deployment Toolkit)
BINLSVC
ʻEnekini WDS maʻamau a me RIS
Me ka SCCM i hoʻokomo ʻia, ka palena ProvidersOrder mau mea SMSPXE. Ma ka hoʻololiʻana i ka palena, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻololi i ke kauoha i hoʻoukaʻia ai nā mea hoʻolako.
Ma ka papa helu RemoteInstall aia nā faila maʻamau
wdsnbp.com
ʻO kahi papahana boot network i hoʻolālā ʻia no Windows Deployment Services e hana nei i kēia mau hana:
1. ʻIke hoʻolālā.
2. Ka mālama ʻana i nā kamepiula kali. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kulekele hoʻohui auto, hoʻouna ʻia kēia polokalamu boot network i nā kamepiula kali e hoʻokuʻu i ka boot network a hoʻomaopopo i ke kikowaena o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka kamepiula.
3. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā loulou boot network (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā koho DHCP 66 a me 67)
PXEboot.com
(Default) Pono ka mea hoʻohana e paʻi i ke kī F12 e hoʻomau i ka pahu pūnaewele
PXEboot.n12
ʻAʻole koi i ka mea hoʻohana e kaomi i ke kī F12 a hoʻomaka koke i ka booting pūnaewele
AbortPXE.com
Hoʻopaʻa i ke kamepiula me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea boot hou ma ka BIOS me ke kali ʻole
bootmgr.exe
Windows Boot Manager (Bootmgr.exe a i ʻole Bootmgr.efi). Hoʻouka i ka Windows bootloader me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka firmware mai kahi ʻāpana disk kikoʻī a i ʻole ma luna o kahi pilina pūnaewele (i ke ʻano o ka boot network)
Bootmgfw.efi
ʻO ka mana EFI o PXEboot.com a me PXEboot.n12 (i ka EFI, ʻo ka koho e hoʻopaʻa a ʻaʻole e hoʻopaʻa i ka PXE aia i loko o ka pūpū EFI, ʻaʻole ka papahana boot network). Hoʻohui ʻo Bootmgfw.efi i nā mana o PXEboot.com, PXEboot.n12, abortpxe.com, a me bootmgr.exe. Aia i kēia manawa no ka x64 a me Itanium architectures.
Default.bcd
Boot Configuration Data Store (BCD), REGF format, hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia i REGEDIT, pani i ka waihona kikokikona Boot.ini
Hana ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana ma ke ʻano e like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma luna
1. Hoʻoiho i ka wdsnbp.com.
2. A laila, hoʻouka ʻia ka pxeboot.com o ka hoʻolālā kūpono
3. Hoʻoiho ʻo PXEBoot.com i ka bootmgr.exe a me ka hale kūʻai ʻikepili hoʻonohonoho boot BCD
4. Heluhelu ʻo Bootmgr.exe i nā mea hoʻokomo o ka ʻōnaehana hana ʻikepili boot BCD a hoʻouka i ka faila Boot.sdi a me ke kiʻi Windows PE (boot.wim)
5. Hoʻomaka ʻo Bootmgr.exe e hoʻouka i ka Windows PE ma ke komo ʻana iā Winload.exe ma ke kiʻi Windows PE
Inā i loko RemoteInstall aia nā waihona
Boot
Images
Mgmt
Templates
Tmp
WdsClientUnattend
ʻO ko lākou hele ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kuleana kikoʻī ma SCCM 2012 (nā wahi lawelawe PXE ma SCCM 2007), aia kekahi hana hoʻonohonoho ma ka Windows Deployment Services (WDS) i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia i kēia mau waihona.
No ka mahele wahi kiko (PXE service point in SCCM 2007), ʻo nā waihona wale nō ka lawa.