I ka pōkole, makemake wau e heluhelu i nā puke he nui ʻaʻole pili i ka ʻepekema kamepiula.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kahi o ka manaʻo o ka "ʻepekema" i loko o ka "Computer Science", a me ke ʻano o ka "engineering" i ka "Software Engineering".
Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka manaʻo hou o ka "ʻepekema" penei: ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e unuhi i nā phenomena i loko o nā hiʻohiʻona hiki ke maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi e wehewehe a wānana. Ma kēia kumuhana hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu "Sciences of the Artificial" (kekahi o nā puke koʻikoʻi a Herbert Simon). Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i kēia ʻano: inā kūkulu nā kānaka (ʻoi aku ka mea hoʻomohala) i nā alahaka, a laila hiki i nā ʻepekema ke wehewehe i kēia mau mea ma ka hana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona. ʻO ka mea hoihoi e pili ana i kēia, ʻo ka ʻepekema e ʻimi mau i nā ala hou a maikaʻi hoʻi e kūkulu i nā alahaka, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ka pilina ma waena o nā ʻepekema a me nā mea hoʻomohala i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
He laʻana o kēia mai ka pōʻai kamepiula Science Ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻo John McCarthy e pili ana i nā kamepiula i ka hopena o nā makahiki 50, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ākea ākea o ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hana (AI paha?), A me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kumu hoʻohālike he ʻōlelo, a hiki ke lawelawe ma ke ʻano he metalanguage ponoʻī ( Lisp). ʻO kaʻu puke punahele ma kēia kumuhana ʻo The Lisp 1.5 Manual mai MIT Press (na McCarthy et al.). ʻO ka hapa mua o kēia puke he mea maʻamau i ka noʻonoʻo ma ke ʻano ākea a me ka ʻenehana ʻike.
(Ua paʻi ʻia ka puke "Smalltalk: ka ʻōlelo a me ka hoʻokō ʻana", nā mea kākau (Adele Goldberg lāua ʻo Dave Robson) i hoʻoikaika ʻia e kēia mau mea a pau. 'Ōlelo Smalltalk pono'ī, etc.).
Nui koʻu makemake i ka puke "The Art of the Metaobject Protocol" na Kickzales, Bobrow a me Rivera, i paʻi ʻia ma hope o nā mea ma mua. ʻO ia kekahi o ia mau puke e hiki ke kapa ʻia he "ʻepekema kamepiula koʻikoʻi." ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hapa mua.
ʻO kekahi hana ʻepekema mai 1970 hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he koʻikoʻi kamepiula Science — “He Mana Mana Manawa” na Dave Fisher (Carnegie Mellon University).
ʻO kaʻu puke punahele e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana me he mea lā mamao loa ia mai ke kahua IT, akā maikaʻi a hauʻoli hoʻi ke heluhelu: Computation: Finite and Infinite Machines na Marvia Minsky (circa 1967). He puke kupaianaha wale nō.
Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua me ka "ʻepekema", makemake wau i nā puke like ʻole: Newton's Principia (ka puke ʻepekema hoʻokumu a me ka palapala hoʻokumu), Bruce Alberts 'The Molecular Biology of the Cell, etc. A i ʻole, no ka laʻana, ka puke me Maxwell's memo, etc.
Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo ʻo "Computer Science" kahi makemake e hoʻokō, ʻaʻole kahi mea i hoʻokō ʻia.
'Enekinia' 'o ia ho'i, "ka ho'olālā a me ke kūkulu 'ana i nā mea ma ke 'ano ma'amau a akamai." He kiʻekiʻe loa ka pae i koi ʻia o kēia mākaukau no nā kula āpau: civil, mechanical, electrical, biological, etc. Development.
Pono e aʻo pono ʻia kēia ʻano i mea e hoʻomaopopo pono ai i ke ʻano o ke komo ʻana i ka "engineering."
Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua me ka "engineering", e hoʻāʻo e heluhelu e pili ana i ka hana ʻana , , a laila. Makemake au i ka puke Now It Can Be Told, i kākau ʻia e Major General Leslie Groves (he lālā hanohano o ka Manhattan Project). He ʻenekinia ʻo ia, a ʻo kēia moʻolelo ʻaʻole loa e pili ana i ka papahana Los Alamos POV (ʻo ia hoʻi i alakaʻi ai), akā no Oak Ridge, Hanford, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a me ke komo ʻana o ka poʻe ma mua o 600 a me ka nui o ke kālā e hana i ka hoʻolālā pono e hana i nā mea pono.
Eia kekahi, e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ke kahua ʻaʻohe ʻāpana o ka "ʻenehana polokalamu" i loko - hou, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo ʻo ka "enekinia polokalamu" ma kekahi ʻano "engineering" i ka maikaʻi e noho nei i kahi aspiration e hoʻokō, ʻaʻole ka hoʻokō.
ʻO nā kamepiula kekahi ʻano "media" a me "intermediaries", no laila pono mākou e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou hana no mākou a pehea lākou e hoʻoikaika ai iā mākou. Heluhelu iā Marshall McLuhan, Neil Postman, Innis, Havelock, etc. Ua hoʻomanaʻo mai ʻo Mark Miller (manaʻo ma lalo) iaʻu e paipai i ka puke Technics and Human Development, Vol. 1 mai ka moʻo "The Myth of the Machine" na Lewis Mumford, he mea mua loa o nā manaʻo media ʻelua a me kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka anthropology.
He mea paʻakikī iaʻu ke paipai i kahi puke maikaʻi e pili ana i ka anthropology (malia paha e makemake kekahi), akā ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka poʻe he mea ola ke ʻano nui o ka hoʻonaʻauao a pono e aʻo pono ʻia. Ma kekahi o nā manaʻo ma lalo nei, ua paipai ʻo Matt Gabourey i nā Human Universals (Manaʻo wau ʻo ia ka puke Donald Brown). Pono e heluhelu a hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia puke - ʻaʻole ia ma ka papa like me nā puke e pili ana i kahi kahua kikoʻī e like me Molecular Biology of the Cell.
Aloha au i nā puke Envisioning Information a Edward Tufte: heluhelu iā lākou a pau.
He mea maikaʻi loa nā puke a Bertrand Russell, inā no ka noʻonoʻo hohonu ʻana i "keia a me kēlā" (A History of Western Philosophy is still amazing).
ʻO nā manaʻo he nui wale ke ala e hakakā ai i ka makemake o ke kanaka e manaʻoʻiʻo a hana i nā hoʻomana, ʻo ia ke kumu o kaʻu puke moʻolelo punahele ʻo Destiny Disrupted e Tamim Ansari. Ua ulu ʻo ia ma Afghanistan, ua neʻe ʻo ia i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 16, a hiki iā ia ke kākau i kahi moʻolelo maopopo a hoʻomālamalama o ka honua mai ka wā o Muhammad mai ka manaʻo o kēia ao a me ke kāhea ʻole ʻole e manaʻoʻiʻo.
*POV (propagation of variance) - hoʻolaha ʻana o nā kūʻē i ka hōʻike (kokoke.)
Ua lawe ʻia ka unuhi me ke kākoʻo o ka hui ka mea oihana , a ʻo kekahi .
Source: www.habr.com