I ka makahiki 2019, he 100 mau makahiki mai ka waiho ʻana o ko mākou hoa aloha i kahi noi patent no kahi jetpack. ʻO kēia lā, ʻo Kepakemapa 11, ka lā hānau o ka mea haku.
"Ma kahi kūlana me ke kōkua o kahi hāmeʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka ʻike lewa me ka palekana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka mokulele ... nā pūʻali koa holoʻokoʻa, i hoʻolako ʻia me kēia mau mea hana (ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka hana ʻoihana e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o he pu panapana), i ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua a me ka hoʻopuni ʻana i nā pā kaua, me ka ʻalo ʻana i nā pilikia honua, hiki iā lākou ke lele manuahi ma hope o nā laina ʻenemi."
— Alexander Andreev
ʻO ke kaumaha o ka mea hana he 42 kg + 8 kg o ka wahie (methane a me ka oxygen).
ʻO 50 kg ke kaumaha o ka mea hoʻokele.
Ka laulā - 20 km.
Ka wikiwiki - 200 km / h.
(Sepatemaba 11, 1893, Kolpino - Kekemapa 15, 1941, Leningrad) - Soviet inventor nāna i hoʻomohala i ke kaʻa rocket backpack mua loa o ka honua i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mīkini mokulele wai.
Ua loaʻa iā Andreev kahi hoʻonaʻauao ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. Mai ka makahiki mua o 1920 ua noho ʻo ia ma Leningrad. I ka makahiki 1919, ua hoʻomohala ʻo ia i ka kaʻa rocket backpack mua loa o ka honua i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mīkini jet wai. Ua hoʻouna ʻia ka papahana i ka ʻaha kūkā o nā Komisina o nā kānaka, a mai ia mea i ke komite no nā mea hana. Ua hōʻole ʻia ka noi patent, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā manaʻo koʻikoʻi. I ka makahiki 1925, ua hoʻouna ka mea hoʻopuka i kahi mana hou o ka noi. Ma hope o ka loiloi maikaʻi ʻana mai kahi loea a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka kikokikona, ua hoʻopuka ʻia kahi patent no ka mea hou i ka makahiki 1928. ()
1919
Ma ka Leningrad Regional State Archives ma Vyborg (LOGAV) aia kahi kikokikona typewritten (LOGAV. F. R-4476, op. 6, d. 3809.) o ka papahana me nā hōʻailona inoaʻelua ma kaʻaoʻao mua. ʻO ka mua o kēia mau hōʻailona e like me kēia:
"KA HOOLAHA HANA
Krestyansk. a me ka hana. Aupuni
Lepupalika o Rusia 14/XII 1919
Ke komo mai nei Helu 19644."
Makaʻelua:
"KOMITE
no na mea hana
Ma ke Keena ʻepekema a ʻenehana.
V.S.N.X.
19 Kekemapa 1919
In. Helu 3648."
ʻO ka palapala me kēia mau kaha, penei mai ka ʻōlelo i kākau ʻia i ka lā 10 o Pepeluali, 1921, i kākau lima ʻia e ka mea hana, hoʻokahi o nā kope ʻekolu o ka kikokikona papahana i waiho ʻia i ke KDI me ka palapala noi (ua mālama ʻia nā mea ʻelua ma ka waihona waihona hoʻokahi. ).
No laila, ua mākaukau ka papahana o ka mokulele ʻeke ʻeke ma ka waena o Kekemapa 1919 a ua hiki ke kipa aku i ʻelua mau ʻoihana aupuni kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāina i ka mahina o Dekemaba.
Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ua ulu nā hanana penei.
Ua hoʻouna ka mea hana i ka papahana i ka Council of People's Commissars ma kahi o ka hoʻāʻo e loaʻa i nā mea no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kāna hoʻolālā ma mua o ka manaʻolana o ka patent. ʻO nā manaʻo hoʻowalewale no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pūʻali koa o ka mea hana (ma ka ʻāpana "Purpose" Andreev i kākau: "Ma kahi kūlana me ke kōkua o ka hāmeʻa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka ʻike lewa me ka palekana ʻoi aku ka palekana ma mua o kahi mokulele ... ʻO kēia mau mea hana (ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka hale hana ma mua o ka pu panapana) i ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua a me ka hoʻopuni ʻana i nā pā kaua, me ka ʻalo ʻana i nā pilikia āpau o ka honua, hiki iā lākou ke lele manuahi i ka hope o ka ʻenemi"), me he mea lā. , ua ʻae iā mākou e manaʻolana i kahi ʻano maikaʻi o ke aupuni i ka mea hou.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā o ka poʻe Komisina, e like me ka hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā lā i hōʻike ʻia o kona kākau inoa ʻana, akā ua hoʻohuli koke ʻia i kahi ʻōlelo kūpono - i ka ʻepekema ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana o ka ʻaha kūkā kiʻekiʻe. ka National Economy, a i ʻole pololei i ka KDI. Eia kekahi, ua hana ʻia kēia, me ka wikiwiki loa: ma ka log o nā palapala e komo mai ana o ka ʻaha kūkā o nā Komisina o nā kānaka no 1919, ʻaʻole ka laina o ka helu komo 19644 (mai ka mea i loaʻa ai ka palapala, i ka hihia i hoʻouna ʻia) ʻaʻole. ua hoʻopiha piha ʻia, e like me nā laina o ʻekolu mau helu hou e pili ana me ia (19640, 19643, 19645) ʻIke ʻia, ʻaʻohe manawa o nā limahana o ka Council of People's Commissars no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka leka ma Dekemaba 1919.
ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka hele ʻana o ka papahana Andreev ma 1919 i ka Council of People's Commissars - a me nā kino o ka Council Supreme of the National Economy. ʻAʻole maopopo i ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o ka papahana ma KDI a inā paha e hoʻi koke ia i ka mea kākau. []
1921
I Pepeluali 1921, kākau ʻo Andreev i kahi ʻōlelo i ka KDI me kahi noi no ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā "kuleana kānāwai" a me nā mea liʻiliʻi no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka papahana, a, ʻo ka mea pōʻino, ma kēia ʻōlelo ʻaʻole ʻo ia i haʻi i kahi huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka mea ma mua.
ʻO ka moʻolelo o nā hanana hou e like me kēia. Ma muli o ka loiloi hōʻino a EN Smirnov, kekahi o nā loea ʻelua i hoʻopili ʻia e KDU (ua kāohi ʻia ka loiloi ʻelua, ʻoiai ma ka maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻia e N.A. Rynin), ua hōʻole ʻia ka noi. []
1925
I Iulai i ka makahiki 1925, ua hoʻouna ka mea hoʻopuka i kahi mana hou o ka palapala noi i ka KDI. ʻOiaʻiʻo, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, ua pili ka loiloi i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka mea a ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo i nā kikoʻī hou i loko o ka papahana; ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaneʻane hoʻemi ʻia i kahi wehewehe kikokikona o nā ʻāpana a me nā hui, i ka makahiki 1919-1921. i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi wale nō. Ma hope o ka loiloi maikaʻi ʻana mai ka loea N. G. Baratov a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka kikokikona, ma Malaki 31, 1928, ua kau inoa ʻia ka "Patent Letter for the Patent for an Invention". []
Palapala Sila Nui 4818
1928
"I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka patent ma ʻAukake 23, 1928, hoʻomaka wau e hoʻokō, no ka mea. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana hoʻokō e hana ʻia ma ke keʻena kahi aʻu e noho nei, a laila noi au i ke kōkua i ka noi ʻole ʻana i ka noho ʻana i ka 10 sq.m. kōkua kēia i ka hana holomua.
— Andreev
ʻO CBRIZ (Central Bureau for the Implementation of Inventions and Promotion of Invention) - ma ke kumu o kahi loiloi maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Ianuali 9, 1929 mai kahi loea loea o ke Komisina koho - hōʻole i ke kōkua a Andreev i noi ai.
I loko o nā makahiki he 10, ʻaʻole i loli maoli ka ʻike loea o ka papahana Andreev mai ka mana mua a hiki i ka mea hope loa. ʻOkoʻa ka mea hope mai ka mea mua ma ka nui o ka wehewehe kikokikona o kekahi mau mea hana, ʻoiai, e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka mana mua o ke kiʻi, aia i loko o ka hoʻolālā o ka mea kākau mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana, i ka 1919 kikokikona lākou. ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo ʻia a i ʻole i wehewehe ʻia ma kahi kikoʻī liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka kikokikona o ka wehewehe patent i paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 1928, e like me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, nā paila, nā ipu no nā kinoea wai. ʻO kekahi ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe ma waena o ka wehewehe ʻana i ka patent a me ka papahana kumu ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ākea o ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hāmeʻa: ʻaʻole wale (ma ke ʻano o ka ʻeke ʻeke) no ka lele kanaka, akā no ka neʻe ʻana i nā ukana liʻiliʻi, no ka laʻana, kahi projectile me he kinoea asphyxiating a pahū.
ʻAʻohe mea iʻike e pili ana i nā hopena o ka makemake o Andreev e hoʻokō i kāna papahana ma ka hana. []
N. A. Rynin. Nā pōhaku pōhaku. A me nā ʻenekini pane pololei.
Mahalo ka puke i ʻike ai ka honua e pili ana iā Andreev.
Kiʻi patent. Fig. 1 a me 2 - "pack" me nā pahu pahu a me nā paila wahie, Fig. 3 a me 4 - pahu waena, nā mahiʻai a me nā ʻenekini. Kahakiʻi ʻana mai ka puke a N.A. Rynina
Pūnaewele
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Habradvigatel
ʻO JetCat 180 NX ʻenekini turbojet.
He 350 rubles ke kumukūʻai o ia mīkini. Ae 'ae, . Ua kūʻai mākou ma kā mākou uku ponoʻī. Ma ka lua - . He 4 mau ʻenekini e pono ai - no nā mea hoʻokele lahilahi a i ʻole 6 mau ʻenekini e hāpai i kahi kupapaʻu he 80 kg.
Video mai .
Kuhiakau: E hiki anei i ke kaiāulu habra ke kīkī i 500-1000 rubles no ka 3, ʻenehana habra pilikino? (e kākau ma PM a i ʻole leka uila [pale ʻia ka leka uila])
Source: www.habr.com