Nā mea:
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ke kamaʻilio pū me nā poʻe mai nā ʻāina ʻē, hoʻomaka mākou hoʻohālikelike i nā pae uku. ʻOiai ʻokoʻa ka loaʻa kālā nui, mana kūʻai, ʻoi aku paha, e noho ma kahi o ka pae like, ka mea i maopopo loa i ka makeke waiwai.
He ʻōmaʻomaʻo maoli anei ka mauʻu ma kēlā ʻaoʻao?
Mahalo i ka ʻoihana pūnaewele , - Ua kamaʻilio wau me nā poʻe akamai he nui i kaʻu ʻoihana , a hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i nā uku (ua lawe pū ʻia ka ʻikepili mai ) a helu ʻia uku kaulike (PPP). ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā uku ma koʻu ʻāina hānau - St. Petersburg (ʻikepili PPP i lawe ʻia mai ).
Pehea ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā ʻāina e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai o ke ola i kēia manawa?
Piʻi mau ke kumukūʻai ma nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe ma ka honua, i pili pū me , ʻaʻole ʻae i ke kanaka i kēia lā, ke hele nei neʻe i kahi ʻāina ʻē, e ʻike i ke kumukūʻai o ke ola a me ke kumukūʻai o nā lawelawe ma kahi ʻāina ʻē.
Hōʻike ka pakuhi i nā pākēneka median o ka honua i nā makahiki he 200 i hala iho nei, a puni ka honua a hiki i ka makahiki 1980. pae kaulike a kūpono: ma kahi o 4-6%:
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā uku ukupanee a me ka wehe ʻana i ke kālā mai ke kūlana gula ma 1971 - i lilo hanana o ke kenekulia 21.
Kekahi hanana mai Deutsche Bank.
Ma muli o kēia mau hanana, hoʻokumu nā ʻāina:
1. hoihoi like ole uku panakō waena
2. like ole huki komo
3. ʻokoʻa kumukūʻai waiwai
4. like ole pae kumu kūʻai
5. ʻokoʻa ke kumukuai o ka noho ana
Pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻohālikelike i ka "Cost of Living" ma nā ʻāina like ʻole a puni ka honua?
No ka loiloi i ke ola ma ka ʻāina ʻē, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i ka manaʻo - Kūʻai Mana Parity (PPP, English - Purchasing Power Parity: PPP)
E pili ana i ka parity mana kūʻai (PPP)
Kūʻai mana parity - ka lakio o ʻelua a ʻoi aku mau ʻāpana kālā, nā kālā o nā ʻāina like ʻole, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ko lākou mana kūʻai e pili ana i kekahi pūʻulu o nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe.
E heluhelu hou aku:
He aha ka PPP e hoʻohana ai i ke kumukūʻai o kahi Big Mac ma ke ʻano he laʻana?
Big Mac Price: p1
Berlin-4,70$ / New York-5,70$ / Saint Petersburg-2,10$
Big Mac ППС (Паритет покупательной способности) to Saint Petersburg: p2=p1/2,10
Berlin-2,2 / New York-2,70 / Saint Petersburg-1
Месячная зарплата = после налогов: p3
Berlin-2085$ / New York-3900$ / Saint Petersburg-1150$
ППС по Биг Маку - месячной зарплаты в городе
по отношению к зарплате в Санкт-Петербурге: p4=p3/p2
Berlin-940$ / New York-1470$ / Saint Petersburg-1150$
Hiki ke helu ʻia nā loiloi like ʻole no nā waiwai ʻē aʻe: mai "jeans a me nā hua manu" i ke kumukūʻai o nā kaʻa Toyota a me nā pono.
No ka hanaʻana i kēia, ma Numbeo.com hoʻopiha nā tausani o ka poʻe i ka ʻikepili i ke kumukūʻai o nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe ma ko lākou kūlanakauhale (ʻikepili wale nō no 18 mahina i hala, ma hope o kēia mau "kumukūʻai" i ka makemakika awelika). Hoʻohui ʻia, e nā mea manawaleʻa: hōʻiliʻili lima ʻia ka ʻikepili mai nā kumu wehe i hoʻokumu ʻia a hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau kumukūʻai o nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe e ke kūlanakauhale. ʻElua manawa i ka makahiki.
Ka laʻana o kekahi (mai loko mai o 50) 'ikamu lilo no St. Petersburg ('o ka nui o ka po'e i ho'opiha i ka 'ikepili no St. Petersburg i nā mahina he 18 i hala iho nei he 524):
Lawe ka ʻatikala PPP no 50 mau mea like ole na lilo. ʻO ka ʻikepili ratio pili penei:
Local_Puchasing_Power_Index = (Average_Disposable_Salary(This_City) /
BasketConsumerPlusRent(This_City)) / (Average_Disposable_Salary(New_York) /
BasketConsumerPlusRent(New_York)) BasketConsumerPlusRent(City) =
sum_of (Price_in_the_city * (cost_of_living_factor + rent_factor))
He laʻana hoʻohālikelike o ke kumukūʻai o ka noho ʻana ma Munich (Kelemānia) a me St. Petersburg (Russia)
Hoʻohālikelike i ke kumukūʻai o ka noho ʻana ma Rostov-on-Don a me Kapalakiko (USA)
I koʻu liʻiliʻi kumuhana aʻo - Manaʻo wau ua ʻae ʻia ke kumukūʻai PPP o ka helu ola no nā kumukūʻai maʻamau ma kekahi kūlanakauhale no ka ʻohana ʻehā (wehe ʻikepili mai ). Kūkākūkā ka ʻatikala i ke kūlana i ka wā e hoʻolilo ai ke kanaka e noho ana ma ke kūlanakauhale N a hoʻolilo i ke kālā i loaʻa, ma ke kūlanakauhale like ʻo N.
No ke aha ʻo BIM (nā ʻenehana a me nā mea hoʻonohonoho)
ʻenehana BIM (1-2 mau makahiki ʻike) - ʻo kēia ke kūlana hoʻomaka i loko o kahi hui kūkulu hale (ua kapa ʻia he ʻenekini BIM ma mua ʻo "Designer", i kēia manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo BIM engineer). ʻO ka luna BIM (4-6 mau makahiki o ka ʻike) he kanaka me ka ʻike pono e hiki ke hoʻolālā liʻiliʻi, akā ʻaʻole hou.
Mahele o ka poe e kukulu ana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka BIM, waiwai paa i keia mua aku e hiki mai ana mea waiwai paa. I ka manawa like, kūkulu ʻia nā moʻolelo no ʻO nā ʻenekinia BIM a me nā mea hoʻonohonoho he poʻe ʻenekinia hana kūkulu mua. Hoʻoholo ʻia e (2000 poʻe i kēlā me kēia) - ka helu o nā loea i kēia kūlana ma Rusia i kēia manawa: mai 10 a 20 tausani kānaka. Laki uku ma kēlā me kēia ʻāina - BIM Engineer / BIM Coordinator / BIM Manager: 100% / 125% / 150%. ʻAʻole koke, nā ʻenekinia a pau ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka hoʻolālā e hana i kekahi ala a i ʻole e hana me nā ʻenehana BIM a hiki i nā ʻenekinia āpau ke hoʻopili i ko lākou kūlana Pākuʻi BIM.
Nā hopena:
1. Huina uku makahiki (ʻōlelo maʻamau ʻia ma ke Komohana) ʻokoʻa loa pili i ka ʻāina, ʻoiai uku mahina net, unuhi ʻia i ka mana kūʻai, aneane like.
No kekahi laʻana, huina uku makahiki ʻO Kyiv vs Kapalakiko he ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa Nā manawa 8, ʻoiai maʻemaʻe ʻokoʻa ka uku mahina i loko wale nō Nā manawa 2.
2. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o kāu loaʻa makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka m² hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai no 10 mau makahiki ma kou kūlanakauhale.
Me ke kālā āu e loaʻa ai (me ka manaʻo e mālama ʻoe i ka hapalua o kāu uku ma mua o 10 mau makahiki) no ke kālā (me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i kahi moraki), hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai. 46 m² waiwai paa ma Kyiv a 31 m² ma Kapalakiko.
ʻO nā ʻāina i mālama ʻia i ka helu ʻana - pili like e pili ana i ka palekana, ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me nā lawelawe olakino. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona kona mau hemahema a me nā pono i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau ʻāina.
ʻO kēia mau mea paʻakikī ke kālailai, e kū'ē ana i nā kumukūʻai o nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe.
I kēia manawa, e komo i ka 10% kiʻekiʻe ka poʻe uku kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua - pono ʻoe e loaʻa
.
Ma ka papa hope loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohālikelike i ka uku makahiki makahiki ma St. Petersburg e like me $15,800 no ka makahiki (ka uku uku o ka mahina $1,150 a i ʻole 71,000 rubles). Ma muli o ka parity, inā hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i $47,000 gross i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Boston a i Dublin paha, e manaʻo e pili ana kēia. pili i ka uku o 71,000 rubles. upena no ka mahina ma St. Petersburg.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia Manaʻo kumuhana, Manaʻo wau pili paha ia.
E hauʻoli wau e ʻike i kāu hoʻohewa ʻana.
ʻO kaʻu ʻatikala mua ma LinkedIn (English).
Hoʻohui iā ʻoe iho i LinkedIn, e hauʻoli wau e hana i nā pilina hou:
Nā manaʻo a pau - me ka hewa o ± 10%
Ka loulou i ka pāpalapala (Google Spreadsheet)
No hea mai ka ʻikepili?
Ua mālama ʻia ke kūkākūkā uku (mahalo i ka poʻe i komo) i ka hui "BIM Russian expats" ma LinkedIn -
Uku uku makahiki:
ʻauhau ʻauhau:
Kumukuai no ka m² kuai:
Kūʻai mana parity (PPP) iā St. Petersburg:
Source: www.habr.com