Aloha %username%.
E like me ka mea i hoʻohiki ʻia, eia kahi moʻolelo-moʻolelo e pili ana i ka phosphorus melemele a me ke ʻano o ka puhi nani ʻana ma kahi kokoke i Lvov i Ukraine.
ʻAe, ʻike wau - hāʻawi ʻo Google i nā ʻike he nui e pili ana i kēia ulia. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo ka hapa nui o kāna mau mea i hāʻawi ai, a i ʻole, e like me ka ʻōlelo a nā mea ʻike maka, he lapuwale.
E ʻike kākou!
ʻAe, i ka hoʻomaka - ʻaʻohe mea punahele punahele, akā ma ke ala he mea nui loa ia!
Wahi a Wikipedia, ʻo ka phosphorus kekahi o nā mea maʻamau o ka ʻāʻī o ka honua: ʻo kona ʻike he 0,08-0,09% o kona nuipa. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ma ka mokuʻāina manuahi ma muli o kāna hana kemika kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokumu ia ma kahi o 190 mau minerala, ʻo ka mea nui loa he apatite Ca5(PO4)3 (F,Cl,OH), phosphorite Ca3(PO4)2 a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka Phosphorus kahi ʻāpana o nā pūhui koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi - phospholipids. Loaʻa i loko o nā ʻiʻo holoholona, he ʻāpana o nā protein a me nā mea hoʻohui mea koʻikoʻi (ATP, DNA), he mea ia o ke ola. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia, %username%, a e neʻe mākou.
ʻO ka Phosphorus i kona ʻano maʻemaʻe he keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele a me ke kila. Kapa ʻia kēia i nā hoʻololi allotropic - ʻike maikaʻi ka wahine nāwaliwali iā lākou, no ka mea ma ka hoʻopā ʻana hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi daimana mai ka graphite - a he mau hoʻololi allotropic hoʻi kēia, no ka carbon wale nō. Ma keʻano laulā, ua like ka phosphorus.
ʻO ka meʻe o kā mākou moʻolelo - ʻo ka phosphorus melemele - he keʻokeʻo maoli ʻole. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻo "unrefined" ʻo ia ka mea hoʻohui o ka phosphorus ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe weliweli.
ʻO ka phosphorus melemele (eia naʻe, e like me ke keʻokeʻo) he pō maoli: ʻona loa (ʻo ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa o ka ea lewa he 0,0005 mg / m³), kahi mea ʻānai ʻia mai ka melemele māmā a hiki i ke kala ʻeleʻele. Kaumaha kiko 1,83 g/cm³, hehee ma +43,1 °C, paila ma +280 °C. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai, maʻalahi i ka oxidize i ka ea a e ʻā wale. Puhi ia me kahi lapalapa ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka uahi keʻokeʻo mānoanoa - nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka tetraphosphorus decaoxide P4O10. ʻO Wikipedia hou kēia, akā e ʻoluʻolu, %username% - e hoʻomanaʻo pū i kēia ʻike.
I kēia manawa e hoʻomaopopo mākou.
ʻAe, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻona o ka phosphorus, paʻakikī loa ke ʻona iā lākou no ke kumu maʻalahi loa: ʻā wale ia i ka lewa. wikiwiki loa. A puhi ia, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo mua ʻia, me kahi lapalapa ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ua like ia me kēia: kau ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana ma ka pākaukau - a hoʻomaka mālie ia e puhi e like me ia. A laila ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki. A laila ʻoi aku. A laila e ʻā ana a ʻā. ʻO ka manawa uila e pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki. ʻO ia ke kumu paʻakikī iaʻu e noʻonoʻo i ka lepo maikaʻi o ka phosphorus melemele i ka lewa - e puhi wale ia i ke ahi.
ʻOiai, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hōʻole, kākau lākou ma aneʻi: ʻo ka nui o ka make o ka phosphorus melemele no ke kanaka he 0,05-0,15 grams, hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ia i nā wai o ke kino a komo koke i ka wā e ʻai ʻia ai (ma ke ala, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka phosphorus ʻulaʻula a no laila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. -ʻawaʻawa). Hoʻomaka ʻia ka ʻawaʻawa i ka wā e hoʻomoʻa ʻia ai nā mahu phosphorus melemele a / a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻona e ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka ʻulaʻula nani i loko o ka luaʻi ʻeleʻele e hoʻopuka ana i ka ʻala o ke kāleka, a me ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO kekahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka make ʻana o ka phosphorus melemele ʻoi aku ka naʻau.
Ma hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i kēia, no kekahi kumu ua hoʻomanaʻo wau e pili ana i ka make ʻana o ka phosphine (ua like loa nā hōʻailona) a noʻonoʻo ikaika - akā ʻaʻole e pili ana i ke ola ʻana o ka mahu phosphorus melemele, akā e pili ana i ka lawa ʻana o kahi kanaka i ʻike i kahi ʻāpana o kahi mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻālohilohi i ka pōʻeleʻele - a ʻai koke. ʻAe, ʻo ia nō.
Ma ke ala, e kiʻi i kahi hopena o ka phosphorus i ka wai o 3 mg / l - a he hopena saturated kēia, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoheheʻe hou - pono ʻoe e lulu i kahi ʻāpana phosphorus i ka wai no hoʻokahi pule. ʻAe, ʻaʻole wau i hiki mai me kēia, ʻōlelo ʻo GOST 32459-2013 - a ʻaʻole kēia nā ʻano pūnaewele āpau no ʻoe!
Ma ka laulā, i koʻu manaʻo, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka toxicity o ka phosphorus. Akā he mau nuances ʻē aʻe kāna. E pili ana iā lākou - ma lalo.
Phosphorus kuni, e like me ka poe akamai e hana me ia e like me ka olelo, e like me ka gimlet rula: 'o ia hoʻi, ka mea kuni 'ai i loko o ka ili ma luna o ka mea e kuni. I ka papaʻaina. I ka metala. I loko o kahi kāmaʻa. Ma ka lima. He mea maʻalahi ke kumu: ʻo ka huahana o ka puhi ʻana - phosphorus oxide - ʻo ia ka mea maoli he acidic oxide, e huki koke i ka wai, e hana ana i ka waikawa phosphoric. ʻO ka waikawa Phosphoric, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻono e like me ka sulfuric a i ʻole hydrofluoric acid, makemake ʻole e ʻai i ka liʻiliʻi - a no laila hoʻopau i nā mea āpau. Ma ke ala, hoʻohui ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka wai no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā halepaku. ʻO kahi hui maikaʻi o ka wela wela (a hiki i 1300 °C) a me ka waika wela a hāʻawi i nā lua hou i kāu papaʻaina, a inā ʻaʻole ʻoe laki, kou kino. A ʻae, ʻeha loa ʻo %username%.
Ua haʻi mua wau i nā manawa he nui a e hoʻomau wau e ʻōlelo ʻaʻohe ʻenemi ʻoi aku o ke kanaka ma mua o ia iho: ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā waiwai o ka phosphorus melemele - a ua hele mai ka poʻe maikaʻi me ka manaʻo e hoʻohui i ka incendiary. nā pū, no ka mea, he mea maʻalahi loa ke puhi koke ʻia kekahi mea i ke ahi ma ka lewa!
He nani loa ia - hiki iā ʻoe ke mahalo
Akā ʻaʻole nani ka nani o ka poʻe ma hope o ia mau hoʻouka ʻana - no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e nānā
No ka mea he nani loa kēia mau mea āpau, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka lawe ʻana, ke kālepa, ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā munitions phosphorus e hana ʻia me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kekahi mau ʻaelike honua a me nā kuʻikahi, e like me:
- ʻO St. Petersburg Hōʻike "No ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pōkā pahū a me nā mea puhi ahi" o 1868.
- Nā Kūlana Hou o 1977 i ka Geneva Convention for the Protection of Victims of War, 1949, e pāpā ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kaua phosphorus keʻokeʻo inā pilikia nā kānaka kīwila. ʻAʻole ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻIseraʻela i kau inoa iā lākou, ma ke ala.
- E like me ka Third Protocol to the 1980 UN Convention on Some Weapons, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kaua ahi e kūʻē i nā makaʻāinana, a ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia e kūʻē i nā pahuhopu koa i loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana o ka poʻe kīwila.
Ma keʻano laulā, he nui nā pepa, akā he kūlana ko lākou kokoke i ka halepaku, no ka mea, hoʻohanaʻia kēia mau mea kaua i nā manawa a pau -ʻo Palestine a me Donbass e hōʻoia.
Ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka phosphorus me ka wai wale nō ma nā mahana ma luna o 500 degere Celsius, hoʻohana ʻia ka nui o ka wai e kinai i ka phosphorus (e hoʻemi i ka mahana o ke ahi a hoʻoneʻe i ka phosphorus i kahi kūlana paʻa) a i ʻole ka hopena o ke keleawe sulfate (copper sulfate), ma hope. hoʻopiʻi, ninini ʻia ka phosphorus i ke one pulu. No ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana, mālama ʻia ka phosphorus melemele a lawe ʻia ma lalo o kahi papa wai (ʻo ka calcium chloride solution, e pololei, akā e puka pū ka wai). He mea nui hoʻi kēia!
ʻO wai ka mea hana i ka phosphorus? A ma ʻaneʻi, %username%, e hoʻopiha ʻia kekahi me ka haʻaheo: ʻo ka mea hoʻolako nui o ka phosphorus, ka meaʻai phosphoric acid, ka sodium hexaphosphate a me ka tripolyphosphate e haʻaheo ʻo Kazakhstan!
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, mai ka wā o ka USSR, ma ke kūlanakauhale nani o Dzhambul (ʻae, ka inoa o ka Dzhambul Dzhabaev hoʻokahi), ua kūkuluʻia kaʻoihana Kazphosphate. A laila ua kapa hou ʻia ʻo Dzhambul ʻo Taraz - maikaʻi, ʻaʻole kākou e kūkākūkā i ka pono, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe Kazakhs - akā ua mau ka ʻoihana. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kumu kumu waiwai a me ka hiki, a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa o ka hana (a ʻoiai, ʻaʻohe wahi ʻē aʻe e hana ai ma Taraz / Dzhambul) i hoʻoholo e hana ʻia ka phosphorus melemele ma aneʻi.
I koʻu wā i kēia ʻoihana - maikaʻi ma laila! South Kazakhstan, 300 km i Uzbekistan - mahana! Ke mele nei nā manu! He uliuli nā mea a pau! Nā mauna ma ka lewa! Nani!
Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole hoʻopilikia ka lāʻau Kazphosphate i kēia idyll ma kekahi ʻano: nā mea āpau i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā pua, ma ka pali o kahi mauna liʻiliʻi.
Maikaʻi loa ma laila
He mea maʻalahi ke kumu o ka nani - ʻo nā mea maka, nā huahana a me nā huahana ʻōpala he mau mea i loko o ka phosphorus, he mau mea kanu maoli. ʻO kēia kahi e ulu ai a mohala.
Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole makemake nui nā luna kiʻekiʻe o ka mea kanu i nā dandelion. ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike i ke kumu. A no laila, ma mua o ka kipa ʻana o nā luna kiʻekiʻe, hoʻonohonoho nā limahana i kahi subbotnik no ka weeding out dandelions. ʻAe, pehea ia - e hakakā me nā dandelions - ʻike nā mea a pau mai nā māla dacha / mea kanu, i loko o ke ʻano o ka phosphoric lawlessness, he mea ʻole kēia: lawa no ka lā, ʻoi loa - ʻelua. Akā ʻo ke alakaʻi ka mea ia.
Ua hauʻoli loa wau i ka hana a ka hale hana o ka ʻoihana. Aia kekahi mau nerds nui loa ma laila. A no kou hoʻomaopopo ʻana, %username%, kekahi mau ʻike.
I ka phosphorus melemele, he mea nui ia e hoʻomalu i nā haumia - ʻoi aku ka arsenic, antimony, selenium, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, iron. I mea e hoʻomalu ai i kēia mau mea a pau, pono e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka phosphorus, a i ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pono e lele nā mea a pau i mālama ʻia.
ʻO ka pilikia helu ʻekahi: pehea ke kaupaona ʻana i kahi mea e puhi ai i ke ahi i ka lewa? Hana lākou i kēia: hāmama lākou i kahi ingot o ka phosphorus ma lalo o kahi papa wai, e lawe i nā ʻāpana nui - e ʻā koke nā mea liʻiliʻi - a hoʻololi iā lākou i kahi aniani wai. A laila kaupaona lākou i kekahi kīʻaha wai, lawe i ka phosphorus mai ka mua, holoi me ka waiʻona, kali a maloʻo - a hoʻolei i loko o ke aniani wai. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka phosphorus e ka ʻokoʻa o ke kaumaha.
No ka mea hiki iā ia ke puhi i ke ahi - aia kahi hopena o ke keleawe sulfate kokoke - inā loaʻa ke ahi, a laila hoʻolei lākou i loko.
A laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka phosphorus. Hoʻoheheʻe ia i loko o ka waikawa nitric i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka bromine vapor - he mea ʻono loa a ʻala. Paipai au i ka hoʻokele waiwai. Pono e hoʻolei i ka phosphorus i loko o kēia hui ʻana, a laila wela iki, a i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka hopena, e hoʻoneʻe iā ia i kahi pā me ka wai anuanu, no ka mea he nui ka hoʻomehana. A hoʻoulu, hoʻoulu, hoʻoulu - ināʻaʻoleʻoe e keʻakeʻa, a laila e lele wale nā'āpana mai loko mai o ka hupa huʻihuʻi -ʻaʻole pololei nā hopena! Hoʻopilikia lākou i ka lima, aia ʻelua mau mittens ma luna o ia mea: ka lāʻau mai ka waika - a manaʻo ʻia mai ka wela (ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka lāʻau, akā ʻike wale ʻia - ʻaʻole mālama i nā kulu o ka waikawa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā komo ka phosphorus, ʻaʻole e mālama ʻelua. .
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o ka hemo ʻana o ka phosphorus melemele
I ka manawa like, lele nā nitrogen oxides a me bromine - he leka kēia. Makaʻu nā kaikamahine i kēia mau huelo ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻāpana phosphorus, hiki ke loaʻa i nā lole a i ʻole ka mitten. ʻAʻole hoʻomanaʻo ka poisoning "pairs" a i ʻole "solutions" o ka phosphorus.
Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka uku o nā kaikamahine e hana nei ma mua o $ 200 (a he maʻalahi ka pane: ʻaʻohe wahi ʻē aʻe e hana ai ma Taraz, ua ʻōlelo mua wau i kēia). No laila, i ka manawa aʻe, %username%, ke ʻōhumu ʻoe no ka uku haʻahaʻa a me ka pōʻino o ka hana, e hoʻomanaʻo iā Kazphosphate!
ʻAe, i kēia manawa ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka ʻike kumu, e neʻe kākou i ka ulia maoli ma Lviv.
No ka mea koi ʻia ka phosphorus ma ʻEulopa, hoʻopuka ikaika ʻo Kazphosphate i nā huahana ma o nā hoa Czech. Holo ʻo ia i loko o nā pahu i piha i ka wai, a maopopo ma ke kaʻaahi.
Ma ka Pōʻakahi, Iulai 16, 2007, ma 16:55 ma ka moku Busk o ka Lviv māhele o Ukraine ma ke kahua Krasne-Ozhidiv, 15 pahu me ka phosphorus melemele o ka ukana ukana No. 2005 derailed a huli. He 58 kaa kaa nui. Ua ukali nā kaʻa mai ke kahua Kazakh Asa (Taraz, Kazakhstan) a i ke kahua ʻo Oklesa (Repubalika o Polani). ʻO ka leaka ʻana o ka phosphorus mai hoʻokahi pahu i hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā pahu ʻeono ʻē aʻe.
He epic ka nana
A laila - kahi hui o ka panic, inflated e ka media, nele i ka ʻike me ka phosphorus melemele a me ka naʻaupō loa o ka kemika.
I ka wā e pio ai ke ahi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ao o nā huahana ahi me kahi wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia ma kahi o 90 mau kilomita square. Aia i loko o kēia wahi he 14 mau wahi noho o ka moku Bussky, kahi e noho ai 11 poʻe, a me nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa o nā moku ʻo Radekhiv a me Brodiv o ka ʻāina. Ua hāʻawi aku ka Ministry of Emergency Situations o Ukraine i nā kamaʻāina o nā kauhale kokoke e haʻalele a hoʻouna iā lākou ma kahi o ʻumi mau kaʻa, akā nui ka poʻe i hōʻole e haʻalele i ko lākou mau home. Ua hōʻoia ka mana o Lviv ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi, ʻoiai ua ʻōlelo lākou i ka hiki ʻole o ka hopena o ka pōʻino. ʻO ka huina, ma kahi o 6 mau kamaʻāina i hoʻihoʻi ʻia no ka manawa pōkole mai 800 mau noho ma ka ʻāina Bus i ka pō.
Ma ka Poalua, ua hōʻeha ʻia he 20 poʻe (6 loea o ka Ministry of Emergency Situations, 2 ʻelele o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs, 2 limahana hana kaʻaahi a me 10 poʻe mai ka heluna kūloko), kahi o 13 i mālama ʻia i ka haukapila ma kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi. ma ka pūʻali lapaʻau lapaʻau kikowaena o ka Western Operational Command ma Lviv. ʻEhiku mau halemai he mau limahana o ka Ministry of Emergency Situations, ʻelua mau limahana o ka mokuʻāina mākaʻikaʻi mokuʻāina, ʻehā mau kamaʻāina.
I ka manawa like, ua piʻi ka uwē ʻino loa a me ka ʻāhiu i ka media. ʻO kekahi o nā momi:
- ...
ʻO ka heluhelu ʻana i kēia mau mea kaumaha iaʻu. No ka mea e hōʻike ana i ka naʻaupō loa o ka kemika i ka nuipa. A ʻo ia hoʻi - pehea ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana i ka lehulehu ʻole (ma ke ala,% username%, a ua ʻike ʻoe ua manaʻoʻiʻo ka poʻe mea kauā ma USA he pono ʻole nā kauā - i hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hana i nā palapala hoʻomaha, nā pepa ʻē aʻe, pili me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, hoʻonohonoho i nā kipi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe - ua loli iki).
Hōʻike ʻia nā hanana ʻoi aʻe a liʻiliʻi paha ma ka chronology ma aneʻi (e akahele - Ukrainian, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe ʻike i ka hilahila - Unuhi Google):
He aha ka mea hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia mai kēia chronology?
- ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike i kekahi mea.
- Ua makemake nā kānaka a pau e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia.
- Ua makaʻu ʻia ka poʻe Kinai ahi/Ke Kuhina o nā Kūlana Kūikawā.
- ʻO ka pūʻali koa.
- Aia ma waena o nā kama'āina he haunaele piha.
- A hiki i ka hōʻea ʻana o nā ʻelele o Kazphosphate i Iulai 18, ʻaʻohe mea i maopopo i ka mea e hana ai.
- ʻAʻohe mea i makemake e uku no kekahi mea.
Ma hope o ke kamaʻilioʻana me kekahi poʻe limahana o Kazphosphate, ka poʻe i pili pono i ka hoʻopauʻana i nā hopena o ka pōʻino, hiki iaʻu ke'ōlelo i kēia mau mea.
ʻAʻohe pahū / puhi ʻole / pahū o ka phosphorus - holo mālie ʻo ia ma lalo o ka wai. ʻAe, a ʻaʻole hiki ke pahū ka phosphorus melemele iā ia iho! Akā, ua pōʻino nā ala kaʻaahi, kahi i hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai nā pahu. I ka wā i paʻi ai nā pahu, ua hana ʻia kahi māwae, kahe ka wai ma loko o laila - maikaʻi, ua ʻā ka phosphorus me ka palekana. ʻO ka mahana a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka puhi ʻana i hoʻopau i ka pahu.
- Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka uahi keʻokeʻo - he lua ia o ka waikawa phosphoric, akā ʻaʻole ka phosphorus. Inā ʻoe e hanu iā lākou - ʻae, e hoʻomaka ka ʻū ikaika a ma ka laulā ʻaʻole ia he mea pono loa. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he mea make. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻeha o ka poʻe kamaʻāina ma muli o ka holo ʻana o nā kānaka e hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻāpana pumehana hoihoi i loko o nā hue wai, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho koke ʻia ke kaula - makaʻu nā mea a pau.
- ʻO ka makaʻu o ka poʻe kinai ahi i manaʻo ʻia "ua ahi kēia ʻōpala i ka wai!" ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka wai ikaika i ka phosphorus i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi - maikaʻi, lele lākou a puhi i ke ahi. Pono ia me kahi kahawai nāwaliwali, a i ʻole me ka huʻa, i hana ʻia ma hope.
- Ma ke ala, i ka wā i pio ai nā mea āpau a koe wale nā ʻāpana i loko o ka pahu, ua hoʻopau nā Kazakhs. ʻAe, pehea lākou i hoʻopau ai - hōʻiliʻili lākou a hoʻolei i loko o nā bākeke wai i ka nui. ʻO kekahi o lākou ka mea ʻenehana nui o ka mea kanu, he mea puhi pumehana. No laila - hoʻopau ʻo ia a puhi. Ma kekahi mau wahi, ʻo nā kiʻi hoʻi o kahi "Kazakh pupule e puhi ana i ke ahi kemika weliweli!" Pela i ka mea?
- Aia a ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i kahi pōʻino kaiaola a me ka "Chernobyl lua" - ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa i ke ʻano ka nui o nā mea kanu phosphate.
- ʻO ka mea wale nō i hana kūpono, hoʻolohe i ka poʻe Kazakhs a hana i ka mea kūpono ʻo Vladimir Antonets, Hope Kuhina mua o ka Ministry of Emergency Situations. Ma muli paha o Konela Nui me ka pūʻulu o nā makana.
Ma hope o ka maopopo ʻana ʻaʻole i holo ka manaʻo: ʻaʻohe hoʻouka kaua, ʻaʻohe hoʻoweliweli o kahi pōʻino kaiaola - ʻaʻohe mea i make a ʻaʻohe kālā e hāʻawi ʻia - ua nalowale koke lākou i ka hoihoi i ka pōʻino. ʻO ke kumu kūhelu o ka pōʻino:
- ʻO ke kūlana kūpono ʻole o nā ala ma kēia ʻāpana kaʻaahi.
- ʻO ka uhaki ʻana i nā lula palekana e nā limahana o ka hui locomotive.
- ʻO ka haʻalele ʻole (ka nānā ʻole ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano wela no ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai weliweli).
- Ke kūlana ʻenehana kūpono ʻole o nā pahu.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo loa o kēia mau mea ka mua. Hoʻohui ʻia ke koena i ʻole e uku i nā Kazakhs no ka nalowale o ka ukana. ʻAe, me he mea lā ua uku ʻia ka ʻinikua.
No laila, noho nā kānaka a pau iā lākou iho.
Moral, %username%: aʻo kemika. Aia ʻo ia ma nā wahi a pau. E kōkua iā ʻoe e ola, a ola, a hoʻomaopopo i kekahi mea nou iho.
A hope loa...
ʻAʻole ʻino nā mea kemika a pau. Me ka ʻole o ka hydrogen a me ka oxygen, no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wai, ka mea nui o ka pia.
— ʻO Dave Barry, ʻaʻole loa he chemist
Source: www.habr.com