Helu 53 ʻO 500 mau kamepiula hana kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua. Ma ka pukana hou, ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻumi kiʻekiʻe, koe naʻe ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana i ka wahi ʻelima i ka pae o ka hui hou. , hana ʻia e Dell no ka Texas Computer Center. E holo ana ka puʻupuʻu i CentOS Linux 7 a ʻoi aku ma mua o 448 tausani cores e pili ana i kahi Xeon Platinum 8280 28C 2.7GHz. ʻO ka nui o ka RAM he 1.5 PB, a hiki i ka hana ke 23 petaflops, ʻo ia ka 6 mau manawa ma mua o ke alakaʻi i ka helu.
Puʻupuʻu alakaʻi i ka pae na IBM ma Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA). Holo ka pūʻulu i ka Red Hat Enterprise Linux a loaʻa iā 2.4 miliona mau cores processor (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i 22-core IBM Power9 22C 3.07GHz CPUs a me NVIDIA Tesla V100 accelerators), e hāʻawi ana i ka hana o 148 petaflops.
Loaʻa ka lua o ka hui ʻAmelika , i hoʻokomoʻia ma ka Livermore National Laboratory e IBM ma ke kumu o kahi papahana e like me Summit a hōʻike i ka hana ma 94 petaflops (e pili ana i 1.5 miliona cores). Aia ma kahi ʻekolu o ka pūʻulu Pākē , e hana ana ma ka National Supercomputing Center o Kina, me ka ʻoi aku o 10 miliona mau cores computing a hōʻike i ka hana o 93 petaflops. Me nā hōʻailona hana like, hoʻopau ka hui Sierra i ka hapalua o ka ikehu e like me ka Sunway TaihuLight. Ma ka hā o ka hui ʻo Tianhe-2A Kina, kahi kokoke i 5 miliona mau cores a hōʻike i kahi hana o 61 petaflops.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hoihoi loa:
- ʻO ka puʻupuʻu kūloko ikaika loa, ʻo Lomonosov 2, ua neʻe mai ka 72nd a i ka 93rd wahi i ka pae o ka makahiki. Hui i loko ua hāʻule mai ka 172 a i ka 365 wahi. ʻO nā pūʻulu Lomonosov a me Tornado, kahi i koho ʻia i ka 227th a me 458th i hoʻokahi makahiki i hala, ua kipaku ʻia mai ka papa inoa. Ua emi iho ka heluna o na puulu hale i ka helu makahiki mai 4 a 2 (ma 2017 he 5. , a ma 2012 - 12);
- Ka mahele ʻana ma ka helu o nā supercomputers ma nā ʻāina like ʻole:
- Kina: 219 (206 - hoʻokahi makahiki i hala);
- USA: 116 (124);
- Iapana: 29 (36);
- Palani: 19 (18);
- UK: 18(22);
- Kelemānia: 14 (21);
- ʻIlelani: 13 (7);
- Netherlands: 13 (9);
- Kanaka 8(6);
- Kōlea Hema: 5 (7);
- Italia: 5 (5);
- Australia: 5 (5);
- Singapore 5;
- Kuikilana 4;
- Saudi Arabia, Brazil, India, South Africa: 3;
- ʻO Rusia, Finland, Suedena, Sepania, Taiwan: 2;
- I ka helu o nā ʻōnaehana hana i hoʻohana ʻia i nā supercomputers, ʻo Linux wale nō i koe no ʻelua makahiki;
- Hāʻawi ʻia e nā hoʻohele Linux (hoʻokahi makahiki i hala ma nā brackets):
- 48.8% (50.8%) ʻaʻole kikoʻī i ka hāʻawi ʻana,
- 27.8% (23.2%) hoʻohana i CentOS,
- 7.6% (9.8%) - Cray Linux,
- 3% (3.6%) - SUSE,
- 4.8% (5%) - RHEL,
- 1.6% (1.4%) - Ubuntu;
- 0.4% (0.4%) - Linux ʻepekema
- Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka paepae hana haʻahaʻa no ke komo ʻana i ka Top500 i ka makahiki mai 715.6 a i 1022 teraflops, ʻo ia hoʻi. i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe pūʻulu i waiho ʻia ma ka pae me ka hana o ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka petaflop (i hoʻokahi makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo 272 mau pūʻulu wale nō i hōʻike i kahi hana ʻoi aku ma mua o ka petaflop, ʻelua makahiki i hala - 138, ʻekolu makahiki i hala - 94). No Top100, ua hoʻonui ka paepae komo mai 1703 a i 2395 teraflops;
- Ua hoʻonui ka nui o ka hana o nā ʻōnaehana āpau i ka makahiki mai ka 1.22 a i ka 1.559 exaflops (ʻehā makahiki i hala aku nei he 361 petaflops). ʻO ka ʻōnaehana e pani ana i ka pae o kēia manawa aia ma kahi 404th ma ka helu hope loa, a ʻo 249th i ka makahiki ma mua;
- ʻO ka mahele nui o ka helu o nā supercomputers ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua penei:
Aia ka 267 supercomputer ma Asia (261 makahiki aku nei),
127 ma ʻAmelika (131) a me 98 ma ʻEulopa (101), 5 ma Oceania a me 3 ma ʻApelika; - Ma keʻano he papa hana, aia nā Intel CPU i ke alakaʻi - 95.6% (he makahiki i hala aku nei he 95%), ma ka lua o ka IBM Power - 2.6% (mai 3%), ma ke kolu o ka SPARC64 - 0.8% (1.2%). ), ma ka hā o ka AMD - 0.4% (0.4%);
- ʻO 33.2% (i hoʻokahi makahiki i hala aku nei 13.8%) o nā kaʻina hana i hoʻohana ʻia he 20 cores, 16.8% (21.8%) - 16 cores, 11.2% (8.6%) - 18 cores, 11.2% (21%) - 12 cores, 7% ( 8.2%) - 14 cores;
- 133 mai loko o 500 ʻōnaehana (hoʻokahi makahiki i hala aku nei - 110) hoʻohana hou i nā accelerators a i ʻole coprocessors, aʻo nā ʻōnaehana 125 e hoʻohana i nā pahu NVIDIA (i hoʻokahi makahiki i hala aku nei he 96), 5 - Intel Xeon Phi (aia he 7), 1 - PEZY (4) , 1 hoʻohana i nā hāʻina hybrid (he 2), 1 hoʻohana iā Matrix-2000 (1). Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā AMD GPU mai ka papa inoa;
- Ma waena o nā mea hana cluster, ua lawe ʻo Lenovo i kahi mua me 34.6% (i hoʻokahi makahiki i hala aku nei he 23.4%), ua lawe ʻo Inspur i ka lua o ka wahi me 14.2% (13.6%), ua lawe ʻo Sugon i ke kolu o ka wahi me 12.6% (11%), a neʻe mai ka lua a i ka ʻehā. Hewlett-Packard - 8% (15.8%), noho ʻia ka ʻelima e Cray 7.8% (10.6%), ukali ʻia e Bull 4.2% (4.2%), Dell EMC 3% (2.6%), Fujitsu 2.6% (2.6%). ), IBM 2.4% (3.6%), Penguin Computing - 1.8%, Huawei 1.4% (2.8%). ʻO ka mea mahalo, ʻelima mau makahiki i hala aku nei ka hāʻawi ʻana i waena o nā mea hana penei: Hewlett-Packard 36%, IBM 35%, Cray 10.2% a me SGI 3.8% (3.4%).
I ka manawa like, loaʻa kahi hoʻokuʻu hou o kahi helu ʻokoʻa o nā ʻōnaehana cluster , i ka nānā 'ana i ka hana o nā papahana supercomputer e pili ana me ka ho'ohālike i nā ka'ina hana kino a me nā hana no ka ho'oponopono 'ana i ka nui o ka 'ikepili ma'amau no ia mau pūnaewele. Ka helu kaawale hou aku a hui pū me Top500, e like me ka ikehu i kēia manawa i ka helu Top500 nui (ʻo ka ratio o LINPACK FLOPS i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana i nā watts e mālama ʻia).
Source: opennet.ru