Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻano DNA āpau o nā ʻano ola i aʻo ʻia e nā ʻepekema i loko o kahi waihona ʻikepili nona ka National Center for Biotechnology Information ma USA. A ma ka lā 1 ʻApelila, ua puka mai kahi mea hou i loko o ka waihona: "Caulobacter ethensis-2.0." ʻO kēia ka mua o ka honua i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka lolouila a laila synthesized synthetic genome o kahi mea ola, i hoʻomohala ʻia e nā ʻepekema mai ETH Zurich (ETH Zurich). Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻoikaika ʻia ʻoiai ua loaʻa maikaʻi ka genome o C. ethensis-2.0 ma ke ʻano o kahi mole DNA nui, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi mea ola e pili ana.
Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hana noiʻi e Beat Christen, he polopeka o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokolohua biology, a me kona kaikaina ʻo Matthias Christen, he loea. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka genome hou, i kapa ʻia ʻo Caulobacter ethensis-2.0, ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke code kūlohelohe o ka huakini Caulobacter crescentus, he huaʻai kino ʻole e noho ana i ka wai hou a puni ka honua.
ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokumu kahi hui i alakaʻi ʻia e ka geneticist Craig Venter i ka huakini "synthetic" mua. I ka wā o kā lākou hana, ua hoʻopili nā ʻepekema i kahi kope o ka Mycoplasma mycoides genome, a laila ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi kelepona lawe, a laila ua lilo i mea ola a paʻa i ka hiki ke hana hou iā ia iho.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka haʻawina hou i ka hana a Kreiger. Inā hana nā kānaka ʻepekema ma mua i kahi hiʻohiʻona kikohoʻe o ka DNA o kahi mea ola maoli a synthesized i kahi mole e pili ana iā ia, ʻoi aku ka ʻoihana hou, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke code DNA kumu. Ua hana hou ka poʻe ʻepekema ma mua o ka synthesize a hoʻāʻo i kāna hana.
Ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe noiʻi me ka genome C. crescentus mua, nona nā genes 4000. E like me nā mea ola, ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau genes ʻaʻole i lawe i kekahi ʻike a he "DNA junk". Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ua hoʻoholo nā ʻepekema ʻo 680 wale nō o lākou e pono ai e mālama i ke ola o ka bacteria i loko o ka hale hana.
Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka DNA junk a loaʻa i kahi genome liʻiliʻi o C. crescentus, ua hoʻomau ka hui i kā lākou hana. Hōʻike ʻia ka DNA o nā mea ola e ka loaʻa ʻana o ka redundancy i kūkulu ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia ka synthesis o ka protein like ʻole e nā ʻano genes i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ke kaulahao. Ua hoʻololi ka poʻe noiʻi ma mua o 1/6 o nā leka DNA 800 i kahi optimization e wehe i ke code pālua.
"Mahalo i kā mākou algorithm, ua kākau hou mākou i ka genome i kahi kaʻina hou o nā leka DNA ʻaʻole like me ka mea mua," wahi a Beat Christen, ka mea kākau alakaʻi o ka noiʻi. "I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i loli ka hana biological i ka pae o ka synthesis protein."
No ka hoʻāʻo ʻana inā e hana pono ke kaulahao hopena i loko o kahi cell ola, ua ulu nā mea noiʻi i kahi maʻi bacteria i loaʻa ka genome Caulobacter kūlohelohe a me nā ʻāpana o ka genome artificial i kāna DNA. Hoʻopau ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā ʻano genes kūlohelohe a hoʻāʻo i ka hiki o kā lākou mau hoa hana hoʻokō e hana i ka hana ola like. He mea kupanaha ka hopena: ma kahi o 580 o 680 mau genes artificial i lilo i hana.
"Me ka ʻike i loaʻa, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kā mākou algorithm a hoʻomohala i kahi mana hou o ka genome 3.0," wahi a Kristen. "Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou i ka wā e hiki mai ana e hana mākou i nā cell bacteria ola me kahi genome synthetic piha."
I ka pae mua, e kōkua ia mau haʻawina i nā geneticists e nānā i ka pololei o ko lākou ʻike ma ke kahua o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka DNA a me ke kuleana o kēlā me kēia genes i loko o ia mea, no ka mea, ʻo kekahi hewa i ka synthesis o ke kaulahao e alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kino me ka e make a hemahema paha ka genome hou. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e alakaʻi lākou i ka puka ʻana o nā microorganism synthetic e hana ʻia no nā hana i koho mua ʻia. Hiki i nā maʻi maʻi artificial ke hakakā i ko lākou mau ʻohana maoli, a ʻo ka bacteria kūikawā e hana i nā huaora a i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Ua paʻi ʻia ke aʻo ʻana ma ka puke pai PNAS.
Source: 3dnews.ru