He mea ʻokoʻa loa ka ʻīlio. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hoʻopilikia iā ʻoe me nā nīnau e pili ana i ke ʻano o kou ʻano; ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia inā he waiwai ʻoe a ʻilihune paha, he naʻaupō a akamai paha, he lawehala a he haipule paha. ʻO ʻoe kāna hoaaloha. Ua lawa kēlā iā ia.
ʻO kēia mau hua'ōlelo no ka mea kākauʻo Jerome K. Jerome, ka mea a mākou iʻike ai mai ka hana "Three in a Boat, Not Counting a Dog" a me ka hoʻololi kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka inoa like me Mironov, Shirvindt a me Derzhavin.
He mau kaukani mau makahiki ka ilio no ke kanaka. ʻO lākou ko mākou mau hoaaloha, nā mea kōkua a i kekahi manawa kākoʻo, me ka ʻole he paʻakikī ke ola (he aha nā ʻīlio alakaʻi, nā ʻīlio hoʻopakele, etc. waiwai). ʻAʻole pili kēia ʻano lōʻihi iā mākou a me ko mākou ʻano i nā ʻīlio, akā ʻo nā ʻīlio pū kekahi, ʻaʻole wale ma ke ʻano hana, akā ma ke ʻano anatomical. I kēia lā, e kamaʻāina mākou i kahi aʻo ʻana o ka physiognomy o nā ʻīlio, kahi i ʻike ai nā ʻepekema i nā hōʻike i ulu ai ko mākou mau kaikaina liʻiliʻi, e hoʻololi iā mākou. He aha nā loli anatomical i ʻike ʻia, no ke aha lākou, a pehea ka ʻokoʻa o nā manaʻo o kahi ʻīlio mai nā manaʻo o ka ʻīlio hae mai ka manaʻo o ka physiognomy? Ke kali nei nā pane iā mākou ma ka hōʻike a ka poʻe ʻepekema. Hele.
Kumu noiʻi
He mau kaukani makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i ka naʻauao, nā mea ʻāhiu a me ka ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka honua - nā kānaka. Nui nā ʻano holoholona a me nā mea kanu i noho ma kahi kokoke i nā kānaka. ʻO kekahi mau ʻelele o nā mea ulu a me nā holoholona i mālama ʻia e nā kānaka no kā lākou hana ponoʻī, no laila ua loaʻa iā mākou nā holoholona a me nā māla palaoa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu kumu o ka hana home, ʻoi aku ka pili o ke kanaka a me ka ʻīlio hae (ma hope o ka ʻīlio). Manaʻo kekahi ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe e hoʻomāʻewaʻewa i nā ʻīlio hae, manaʻo kekahi ua hoʻomaka nā ʻīlio hae e hoʻokokoke i nā kānaka ma muli o ko lākou pili kokoke.
Hōʻike pōhaku o kahi ʻimi hui ma waena o ke kāne a me ka ʻīlio (Tassilin-Adjer plateau, Algeria)
ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo pololei i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pilina ma waena o ke kanaka a me ka ʻīlio, akā ʻike maopopo mākou i ka pōmaikaʻi o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua mai kēia symbiosis. ʻO ka poʻe o ia mau manawa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kākau i kahi dissertation e pili ana i ka quantum physics, hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi loa lākou mai kā lākou ʻike ponoʻī ʻana he nui nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o nā ʻīlio / ʻīlio: lohe maikaʻi, ʻono ʻono, hiki ke holo wikiwiki a nahu. me ka eha. No laila, ʻo ka mea mua, hoʻohana nā kānaka i nā ʻīlio hānai no ka hahai holoholona, mākaʻi ʻana i ko lākou mau home a me nā pā holoholona o nā holoholona hānai. Aia kekahi mau ʻīlio "mākaukau" pono - ʻai lākou a mahana lākou. He mea ʻē ia, ʻike wau, akā, ʻo nā ʻīlio ma nā wahi noho kanaka, ua hana lākou ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoponopono (e like me nā ʻanuʻu i loko o nā ululāʻau), ʻai i ke koena o ka ʻai kanaka. A i nā pō anuanu, lawelawe nā ʻīlio i nā kānaka ma ke ʻano he radiators ola.
“The Boar Hunt” (1640, na Frans Snyders)
Ma waho aʻe o nā pono kūpono o nā ʻīlio, ua loaʻa pū kekahi i nā pono socio-cultural. Manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema mahalo i nā ʻīlio i hoʻololi ʻia kekahi mau ʻano o ka ʻano o ka poʻe kahiko: ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻāina a me ka hahai holoholona.
Hiki iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo i ko mākou mau kūpuna ʻaʻole ka poʻe akamai loa, a no laila ʻaʻole nā mea i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, akā he ʻōlelo kuhihewa kēia, i hōʻole ʻia i ka pilina o ke kanaka me ka ʻīlio, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ke ʻimi nei nā kānaka kālaihonua a puni ka honua i nā kanu kanu o ke kanaka a me kāna ʻīlio. ʻAʻole i pepehi ʻia nā holoholona ma hope o ka make ʻana o ko lākou mau mea nona, mai hopohopo. Ua make ka ʻīlio i kona make ponoʻī a kanu ʻia i ka lua kupapaʻu o kona haku.
Ka ʻeli ʻana o ke kanu ʻana o ke kanaka a me kāna ʻīlio (mai 5000 a 8000 mau makahiki).
He wehewehe pōkole wale nō kēia o ka pilina ma waena o ko kākou mau kūpuna a me nā ʻīlio, akā ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻo ka ʻīlio no ke kanaka he mea ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka holoholona me nā niho, nā wāwae a me ka huelo. Ua lilo ka ʻīlio i mea pili i ka nohona kanaka e like me kēlā me kēia kanaka.
He aha kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka launa pū ʻana? ʻOiaʻiʻo, ka manawa kūpono a me ka hiki ke kamaʻilio, ʻo ia hoʻi, e kamaʻilio me kekahi. He mea maʻalahi iā mākou nā kānaka - ʻike mākou i ka ʻōlelo. ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā ʻīlio kēia manawa, no laila hoʻohana lākou i nā mea a pau i loko o kā lākou mea kaua i hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo iā lākou: ka wili ʻana i ko lākou huelo, ʻuwē a ʻuwē paha, a me nā hiʻohiʻona helehelena, a i ʻole ko lākou mau waha. A ma laila e hoʻomaka ai ka leʻaleʻa. He 43 mau ʻiʻo maka o ke kanaka (e hoʻoponopono iaʻu inā hewa kēia helu). Mahalo i kēia nui, hiki iā mākou ke hōʻike i kahi ākea ākea o nā manaʻo, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi gradient kala, aia nā leo kumu a me nā aka. ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i kekahi mea, ʻaʻole neʻe, nānā i kahi manawa, a ʻo kahi kuʻemaka liʻiliʻi wale nō e lilo i hōʻailona o kekahi manaʻo. Pehea e pili ana i nā manaʻo i loko o nā ʻīlio? Loaʻa iā lākou, e nānā mua kākou. Pehea lākou e hōʻike ai? Lele lākou, wili i ko lākou huelo, ʻili, ʻuwē, ʻōhumu a hoʻokiʻekiʻe ke kuʻemaka. ʻO ka helu hope loa ka pono o ke kanaka, ma kekahi ʻano. ʻO nā ʻīlio prehistoric, e like me nā ʻīlio hae hou, nele i nā ʻiʻo kikoʻī e hiki ai i nā ʻīlio home ke hana i kahi hiʻohiʻona i kapa ʻia "nā maka ʻīlio ʻīlio."
ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka haʻawina a mākou e noʻonoʻo nei i kēia lā. I kēia manawa e nānā pono kākou i kāna mau kikoʻī.
Nā hopena noiʻi
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema aia kekahi mau makemake subconscious i ka wā e pili ana i nā maka (ʻaʻole wau makemake e hoʻohana i ka huaʻōlelo "maka") o nā holoholona holoholona, ʻo ia hoʻi ka paedomorphism - ka hele ʻana o nā hiʻohiʻona keiki i kahi kanaka makua. holoholona paha. I kā mākou hihia, loaʻa i nā holoholona nā hiʻohiʻona - ka lae kiʻekiʻe, nā maka nui, etc. ʻO ke kumu kēia, e like me ka manaʻo o kekahi poʻe noiʻi, ʻo ke keiki me he mea lā he mea ʻino ʻole ia i ke kanaka, akā ʻo ka pipi (ʻoiai ʻo ia he pipi) he holoholona ʻaʻole hiki ke wānana mau ʻia.
He ʻokoʻa loa kēia manaʻo, akā ua hōʻoia ʻia i loko o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka animation.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, nui nā maka o Toothless, a no ke kumu. Ma muli o kēia, ʻike maopopo mākou iā ia me kahi kala kala maikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i mua o mākou he deragona. A ʻaʻole ʻo ka deragona i kihe e like me ka hipa (e nīnau wale i nā kamaʻāina o King's Landing).
ʻO kēlā me kēia hihia, ke noi ʻia nā kumuhana e koho mai nā kiʻi o nā holoholona a lākou i makemake nui ai, koho ka hapa nui i kēlā mau holoholona i loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona paedomorphic.
Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ia mau ʻano ma o ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau ʻiʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻonui ʻia lākou i "artificially". No laila, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi loina i nā kuʻemaka i hāpai ʻia o nā ʻīlio, e wehewehe ana i ke kumu ʻaʻole hiki i ke kanaka maʻamau ke pale aku i kēlā ʻano helehelena.
Aia nā ʻiʻo e hoʻokiʻekiʻe aʻe i loko o ka kuʻemaka, kahi e ʻike nui ai nā maka o ka ʻīlio me ke kaumaha. Akā, he mau ʻiʻo like ko nā ʻīlio hae? Malia paha ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohana iā lākou, no ka mea he palena loa kā lākou kamaʻilio ʻana me nā kānaka. ʻAʻole, ʻaʻohe ʻiʻo o nā ʻīlio, no ka mea, ua ulu lākou ma kahi ala ʻē aʻe.
No ka hōʻoia ʻana i kēia, ua hana nā ʻepekema i kahi noiʻi o ke ʻano o nā ʻiʻo maka o nā ʻīlio hae (canis lupus, 4 laʻana) a me nā ʻīlio hale (Canis familiaris, 6 mau laana). Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hāʻawi ʻia nā laʻana āpau no ka ʻoki ʻana e ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka Lapaʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua make nā holoholona i nā kumu kūlohelohe a ʻaʻole i pepehi ʻia no ka noiʻi. Ua nānā pū ʻia ke ʻano o nā ʻīlio hae (9 mau kānaka) a me nā ʻīlio (27 mau kānaka) i ka wā e kamaʻilio ai me nā kānaka, i hiki ai ke nānā i ka hana ʻiʻo ma ka maka ma ka lima mua, no laila.
Kiʻi #1
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ke kiʻi hoʻohālikelike schematic o nā ʻiʻo maka o kahi ʻīlio (hema) a me ka ʻīlio hae (ʻākau), ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua he mau hiʻohiʻona like nā ʻiʻo, koe wale nō kahi kikoʻī - nā ʻiʻo a puni nā maka.
I nā ʻīlio, he ʻiʻo i kapa ʻia levator anguli oculi medialis (LAOM) ua piha a hoʻomohala ʻia, ʻoiai he mau ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi a hoʻomohala ʻole nā ʻīlio hae, uhi nui ʻia me nā ʻiʻo pili. ʻO ka pinepine i nā ʻīlio hae, ʻike ʻia ka hele ʻana o kahi tendon i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻāpana medial o nā ʻiʻo o ka ʻiʻo orbicularis oculi ma kahi i loaʻa ai ʻo LAOM i nā ʻīlio.
Kiʻi #2 (ʻaʻole no ka nāwaliwali o ka naʻau): ka wehe ʻana i ke poʻo o ka ʻīlio (hema) a me ka ʻīlio hae (ʻākau), e hōʻike ana i ka ʻokoʻa (ka outline ʻōmaʻomaʻo).
ʻO kēia ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa o ka hoʻolālā ʻiʻo e hōʻike ana he ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā ʻīlio hae e hāpai i loko o ko lākou mau kuʻemaka.
Eia kekahi, uaʻikeʻia nāʻokoʻa ma kaʻiʻo retractor anguli oculi lateralis muscle (RAOL). Aia kēia ʻiʻo i nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio hae. Akā i ka hope ua hōʻike nāwaliwali ʻia a hōʻike wale i kahi hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻiʻo.
Papa hoʻohālikelike i ke ʻano o ka ʻiʻo maka o nā ʻīlio hae (C. lupus) a me nā ʻīlio (C. familiaris). Nā inoa inoa: P - aia ka ʻiʻo i nā laʻana a pau; V - aia ka ʻiʻo, akā ʻaʻole i loko o nā hōʻailona a pau; A - aia ka ʻiʻo i ka hapa nui o nā laʻana; * - ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka ʻiʻo i kekahi o nā ʻīlio hae; † -ʻaʻole i hōʻikeʻia kaʻiʻo i loko o nā'īlio hae ma keʻano he piha piha, akā, ma keʻano he hōʻiliʻili o nā fiber; ‡ - ua loaʻa ka ʻiʻo i loko o nā laʻana canine a pau koe ka Siberian Husky (ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka wehe ʻana).
Huki ka ʻiʻo RAOL i ke kihi ʻaoʻao o nā lihilihi maka i nā pepeiao. Loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā ʻīlio hale kēia ʻiʻo, koe wale nō ka Siberian Husky, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka kahiko o kēia ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka pili o nā ʻīlio hae ma mua o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia mau ʻike mai ke aʻo ʻana i ke anatomy o nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Ua lawe ʻia mai nā ʻīlio he 27 mai nā kennels like ʻole, a hoʻokokoke pakahi kahi malihini iā lākou a kiʻi i kā lākou pane iā ia no 2 mau minuke. Ua lawe ʻia nā ʻīlio hae mai ʻelua mau hale ʻokoʻa kahi i noho ai lākou me kā lākou ʻeke. Hoʻokokoke kekahi malihini i kēlā me kēia ʻīlio (9 kanaka) a kiʻi i kā lākou pane no 2 mau minuke.
ʻO nā maka ʻīlio ʻīlio, i hāʻawi ʻia e nā ʻepekema i ka inoa code code ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi AU101, ua loiloi ʻia a helu ʻia e like me ka ikaika, mai ka haʻahaʻa (A) a i ke kiʻekiʻe (E).
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka alapine AU101 ma waena o nā ʻano i hōʻike ʻia e hoʻohana pinepine nā ʻīlio i kēia hiʻohiʻona maka ma mua o nā ʻīlio hae (Mdn = 2, Mann-Whitney: U = 36, z = -3.13, P = 0.001).
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika AU101 ma waena o nā ʻano mea i hōʻike ʻia i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (A) me ke alapine like i nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio hae. Loaʻa pinepine ka piʻi ʻana o ka ikaika (C) i nā ʻīlio, akā i nā ʻīlio wale nō ka nui o ka ikaika (D a me E).
ʻO ka hopena o nā ʻīlio hae i ka wā o ka nānā ʻana e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika o ka ʻōlelo AU101:
Ka ikaika A
Ka ikaika B
Ka ikaika C
ʻO ka pane ʻana o nā ʻīlio i ka wā o ka nānā ʻana e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika o ka ʻōlelo AU101:
Ka ikaika A
Ka ikaika B
Ka ikaika C
Ka ikaika D
Ka ikaika E
Nā ʻike a ka poʻe noiʻi
ʻO nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ʻiʻo o nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio hae, i hui pū ʻia me ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano, hāʻawi i nā hōʻike hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻiʻo maka i nā ʻīlio i ka wā o ka home. ʻIke ka poʻe ʻepekema i kēia kahaha no ka mea ua hoʻomaka kēia kaʻina hana ʻaʻole i lōʻihi ma mua, 33 mau makahiki aku nei. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana i ia mau haʻawina ʻo ia ka ʻiʻo palupalu (ma kēia ʻano ʻiʻo) ʻaʻole i loaʻa mau i ka ʻano fossil. No laila, pono e hoʻohana i nā ʻano noiʻi ʻē aʻe. Ma kēia hana, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻīlio hae hou, ʻaʻole mamao loa i ka anatomical mai ko lākou mau kūpuna, ʻaʻole like me nā ʻīlio home.
ʻO ka hopena hope aʻe, ʻo ke ʻano o nā ʻiʻo maka e pili pono ana i ka pilina pili ma waena o nā ʻīlio a me nā kānaka. Ma ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao o loko o nā kuʻemaka, hoʻonui ka ʻīlio i kona mau maka, a laila e hoʻoulu ai i kahi hui subconscious i loko o ke kanaka me kahi mea palekana, maikaʻi a koi ʻia i kahi pane maikaʻi. ʻAʻole kēia he mea ʻē, e noʻonoʻo ana i ke koʻikoʻi o nā kuʻemaka i ke kamaʻilio kanaka-kanaka. He mea koʻikoʻi ka neʻe ʻana a me ke kūlana o nā kuʻemaka i ke kau ʻana i ka manaʻo i ka wā e kamaʻilio ai, e like me kekahi mau hōʻailona manaʻo. Nānā ka poʻe subconsciously i nā kuʻemaka o kā lākou interlocutor me ka nānā kūikawā.
Hoʻokahi mea ʻaʻole maopopo - he mau tausani makahiki i hala aku nei, i ka wā koho, ʻike nā kānaka e pili ana i nā ʻiʻo maka o nā ʻīlio a hoʻāʻo maoli e hoʻohua i nā ʻano hou e loaʻa iā lākou, a i ʻole ʻaʻole i aʻo ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona anatomical e nā kānaka a ua hāʻawi ʻia mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna. hanauna me ke komo ole o ke koho ma kekahi ano. ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka pane i kēia nīnau, akā ʻaʻole hoʻōki ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka ʻimi ʻana.
No ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku me nā nuances o ke aʻo ʻana, manaʻo wau e nānā .
Epilogue
ʻO ka ʻīlio he hoaaloha no ke kanaka. He mau kaukani makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoomaka na kanaka a me na ilio e noho pu me ka malama ana i ka pono o kekahi i kekahi. A hiki i kēia manawa, i ke au o ka holomua ʻenehana, ke hiki ke hana ʻia nā hana a kekahi ʻīlio e kekahi robot super sophisticated, hāʻawi mau mākou i ka makemake i kā mākou mau hoa wāwae ʻehā.
Hana nā ʻīlio i nā hana koʻikoʻi a paʻakikī, mai ka ʻimi ʻana i nā poʻe nalo ma hope o nā ulia a hiki i ke kōkua ʻana i nā mea nona nā makapō. Akā inā ʻaʻole kāu ʻīlio he mea hoʻopakele a he ʻīlio alakaʻi paha, makemake mau ʻoe iā ia a i kekahi manawa hilinaʻi ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kānaka.
ʻO nā ʻīlio, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e ola wale i nā mea pāʻani i loko o ka hale, lilo lākou i lālā o ka ʻohana a pono lākou i ka mahalo kūpono, mālama a aloha. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, e like me kā Jerome K. Jerome i ʻōlelo ai: "... ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia inā he waiwai a ʻilihune paha ʻoe, he naʻaupō a akamai paha, he hewa a he haipule paha. ʻO ʻoe kāna hoaaloha. Ua lawa kēlā iā ia."
Pōʻalima ma waho:
Pehea e hana ai i ʻole ʻoe e hoʻopaʻi ʻia no kekahi hana hoʻopunipuni? He mea maʻalahi, pono ʻoe e ʻono e like me kēia mau ʻīlio mihi. 🙂
ʻO ka Pōʻalima ma waho o ka 2.0 (ka puke cat):
ʻAʻohe nāwaliwali o nā pōpoki ma mua o nā pahu. A ʻaʻole ia he mea nui ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kūpono i nā mea āpau. 🙂
Mahalo no ka heluhelu ʻana, noho ʻimi, aloha holoholona a loaʻa i ka hopena pule maikaʻi!
Mahalo no kou noho pū ʻana me mākou. Makemake ʻoe i kā mākou ʻatikala? Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā mea hoihoi hou aʻe? E kākoʻo iā mākou ma ke kau ʻana i kahi kauoha a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻana i nā hoaaloha, 30% ho'ēmi no nā mea hoʻohana Habr ma kahi kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa o nā kikowaena helu komo, i hana ʻia e mākou no ʻoe: (loaʻa me RAID1 a me RAID10, a hiki i 24 cores a hiki i 40GB DDR4).
ʻO Dell R730xd 2 mau manawa maʻalahi? Eia wale nō ma Netherlands! Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - mai $99! Heluhelu e pili ana
Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ke komo i ka noiʻi. , e 'oluʻolu.
ʻO wai ka hoaaloha maikaʻi o ke kanaka?
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Kaʻi
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Kau
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ʻO kēlā me kēia holoholona
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Nā pīpī
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Luna hale
449 mea hoʻohana i koho. Ua hōʻole nā mea hoʻohana 76.
Source: www.habr.com