Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Codec i ka makahiki 2018 ua kākoʻo ʻia e nā mea pāʻani nui i ka mākeke streaming. Ua hoʻokūpaʻa nā mea hoʻolako lako i ke kākoʻo no ka codec hou, a pono e loaʻa nā hopena me AV1 hardware decoding i ka hopena o ka makahiki. E kūʻē i kēia ʻano, ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā trolls patent me nā koi kālā.
Video codec ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka open source mai ka makahiki 2015 e nā ʻenekinia mai kekahi mau hui, me Amazon, BBC, Netflix, Hulu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia). ʻO ka ʻenehana hou i manaʻo nui ʻia no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke wikiō i nā hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (4K a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe), me kahi palette kala i hoʻonui ʻia a me nā ʻenehana HDR like ʻole. Ma waena o nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka codec, kuhikuhi ʻo AOMedia hoʻohālikelike algorithm me nā ʻano hana i loaʻa, nā pono o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā lako kamepiula, a me ka maʻalahi a me ka scalability.
Pono kēia mau hui me kā lākou lawelawe streaming pono i nā codec kūpono e like me ka ea. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻemi ʻo AV1 i nā koi bandwidth pili pūnaewele ma ka pae kikowaena data (DPC) a ma ka pae o nā mea hoʻolako a me nā mea hoʻohana hope. ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o Amazon Studios i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni 65mm a me IMAX MSM 9802 kiʻi (he paʻakikī loa e hoʻolimalima) a me RED Monstro no ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni Aeronafta () hōʻike i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka hui no ka wā post-4K, kahi e ʻike ʻole ʻia ai nā codec o kēia manawa.
No nā polokalamu decoders, aia lākou i kēia manawa he mau hui like me Cisco, Google, Netflix, Microsoft a me Mozilla. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka decoding polokalamu, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana a me ka hoʻohana palena ʻole. No laila, he mea hoihoi ke ʻike i ke kākoʻo no ka decoding hardware.
ʻO Chips & Media kekahi o nā mea mua i hoʻolauna i ka decoder hardware AV1 i ʻOkakopa i ka makahiki i hala. Mea hana wikiō he waiwai noʻonoʻo laikini (synthesized ma ka pae RTL) hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi system-on-chip (SoC) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahi ARM AMBA 3 APB a me ARM AMBA3 AXI. Kākoʻo kēia decoder i ka AV1 codec level 5.1, ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa o 50 Mbps, ka hohonu o ka waihoʻoluʻu o 8 a i ʻole 10 mau bits, a me 4:2:0 ka waiho ʻana i nā kala. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho hoʻokahi-core 510MHz o ka Wave 450A e hoʻololi i nā kahawai hoʻonā 4K ma 60Hz (4Kp60) ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻelua-core e hoʻololi i nā kahawai 4Kp120 a i ʻole 8Kp60.
Ma kahi o Chips & Media, hāʻawi kekahi mau hui ʻē aʻe i nā kaʻina wikiō laikini me ke kākoʻo AV1. ʻo kahi laʻana, Kākoʻo ʻia ʻo AV1 a me nā palapala kaulana ʻē aʻe me H.264, H.265 (HEVC), VP9 a me JPEG. Kākoʻo pū lākou i ka 4:2:0 a me 4:2:2 chroma subsampling no nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā noi ʻoihana. Ma ka manawa like, ʻōlelo ʻo Allegro ua laikini ʻia kēia mau hopena e nā mea hoʻolako mea hana papa mua a e hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea hope e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma mua o ka hopena o ka makahiki.
Ma waho aʻe o nā polokalamu wikiō i laikiniʻia, ua hoʻolaha kekahi mau mea hoʻomohala i nā pūnaewele i hoʻomākaukauʻia me ke kākoʻo AV1 no nā TV, nā pahu hoʻonohonoho, nā mea pāʻani a me nā mea like'ē aʻe. Kūlana ʻo Amlogic i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe kākoʻo i nā ʻōlelo hoʻoholo a hiki i 8Kp60, Broadcom me ke kākoʻo 4Kp60, Realtek (4Kp60) a (8Kp60). Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kolu o ka hanauna α9 SoCs o LG, ka mea e mana ana i nā TV 8 2020K TV, kākoʻo pū kekahi i ka AV1. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻolaha ʻo MediaTek i ka Dimensity 1000 mobile system-on-chip me AV1 hardware decoder.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kākoʻo no ka decoding hardware o nā kahawai AV1 mai nā mea hoʻomohala o nā kaʻina wikiō laikini a me nā chips. Eia naʻe, hāʻawi ʻia i ke kākoʻo o ka codec hou mai kekahi mau hui ʻenehana (Apple, Amazon, AMD, ARM, Broadcom, Facebook, Google, Hulu, Intel, IBM, Microsoft, Netflix, NVIDIA, Realtek, Sigma a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui). pono e manaʻo i ke kākoʻo ʻenehana no AV1 i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻaʻole koi ka codec wikiō AV1 i ka uku ʻana i nā uku laikini no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau patent i loaʻa e nā lālā o ka Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia). ʻOiai ʻo ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi patent ma AV1 e koi i ka manaʻo o nā loea ʻelua ʻaʻole ia e hōʻeha i nā kuleana o kekahi, aia mau nā trolls patent i ʻāhewa mau ʻia nā kuleana e kēlā me kēia.
No laila, ua hōʻiliʻili ka hui ʻo Luxembourg ʻo Sisvel i kahi wai o 3000 patents mai ka nui o nā hui e wehewehe ana i nā ʻenehana like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia ma AV1 a me VP9. E hoʻomaka ana mai Malaki i kēia makahiki, ʻo Sisvel ka poʻe e makemake ana e laikini i kēia mau patent no €0,32 no kahi mea me kahi hōʻike (TV, smartphone, PC a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a no ka € 0,11 no kahi hāmeʻa me ka hōʻike ʻole (chip, player, motherboard a me nā mea ʻē aʻe). ʻOiai ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻo Sisvel e uku i nā uku laikini no ka ʻike, ʻike ʻia ua manaʻo ʻia ka polokalamu like me ka hardware, ʻo ia hoʻi, pono e uku nā mea hoʻomohala polokalamu i ka ʻoihana.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ʻo Sisvel i nā kaʻina kānāwai me nā mea hana o ka lako a me ka lako polokalamu (a ʻaʻole e hoʻomaka a hiki i ka hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻana o ka ʻenehana), ua maopopo loa aia kēlā mau manaʻo. Eia naʻe, ʻo AOMedia pale i nā mea komo i ka kaiaola AV1, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e wehewehe pehea.
Manaʻo nā mea hana o AV1 e loaʻa ia ma nā wahi āpau ma nā paepae āpau, no laila e manaʻo ʻia e kākoʻo ʻia ʻaʻole wale e nā mea hoʻolālā chip nui, nā mea hana lako polokalamu a me nā mea lawelawe, akā e nā alakaʻi alakaʻi hana uila uila.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā mea āpau no AV1. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kākoʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea pāʻani, TV a me nā pahu hoʻonohonoho i kēia codec, e lohi ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa iā ia. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia no ka wā post-8K, hoʻomākaukau nā mea hoʻomohala i ka codec AV2. ʻO ka lua, ʻo nā koi o nā trolls patent e hōʻemi pono i ka hoihoi i ka ʻenehana i waena o kekahi mau hui.
Source: 3dnews.ru