I ka waena o 1980s, ʻaʻole i pāʻani wale ka USSR i ka perestroika a hoʻohuli iā Simca 1307 i Moskvich-2141, akā ua hoʻāʻo hoʻi e wānana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka mea kūʻai maʻamau. He mea paʻakikī loa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nele. Eia naʻe, ua hiki i nā ʻepekema Soviet ke wānana i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā kamepiula, nā kelepona, nā aniani akamai a me nā headphone uila.
He mea ʻakaʻaka ʻoiai ʻo ia hoʻi, 30 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua noʻonoʻo maikaʻi ʻia nā mea o nā mea uila uila:
"ʻO nā hopena i manaʻo ʻole ʻia hiki ke hiki ma ʻaneʻi: no ka laʻana, nā makaaniani, ma ke kauoha a ka mea hoʻohana, e lilo i mea hōʻike e hōʻike ana i ka manawa a i ʻole nā ʻike e pono ai (ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu, ka wela o ke kino a i ʻole ka ea ambient)."
Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi papahana i hānau ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics (VNIITE). Me kekahi mau hoʻopaʻa ʻana, hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia papahana he ʻōnaehana "home smart". Ua noʻonoʻo ke kula i ka hemahema nui o nā mea hale a pau - ka nele o kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokahi e hiki ke hoʻohui i kahi TV, tape recorder, VCR, kamepiula, paʻi, a me nā mea ʻōlelo. A ua hāʻawi lākou i kahi hoʻonā i kēia pilikia ma ka puke ""no Sepatemaba 1987.
No laila, e kamaʻāina. Eia ka Superfunctional Integrated Communication System - SPHINX, i hana ʻia e Igor Lysenko, Alexey a me Maria Kolotushkin, Marina Mikheeva, Elena Ruzova ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Dmitry Azrikan. Ua wehewehe ka poʻe hoʻomohala i ka papahana ʻo ia kekahi o nā hoʻonā hoʻolālā kūpono no kahi kīwī home a me ka paʻakikī lekiō ma 2000. ʻAʻole ia he papahana o kekahi mea ma ke ʻano he papahana o ke kumumanaʻo o ka pilina ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā kumu o ka ʻike.
ʻaneʻane maʻalahi nā mea hana a pau e ʻike, ʻeā?
He mea maʻalahi ka manaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo SPHINX e hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻokomo a me nā mea hoʻopuka me kahi kaʻina hana maʻamau, i lawelawe pū ʻia ma ke ʻano he hale mālama ʻikepili a me kahi ala e loaʻa ai a hoʻouna i waho. Ua māhele ʻia ka ʻike i loaʻa e ka mea hana ma nā pale, kolamu a me nā poloka ʻē aʻe. No laila hiki ke hoʻonoho ʻia kēia mau poloka ma loko o ke keʻena (e laʻa, hōʻike ʻia kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni me kahi mele leo ma ka pale i loko o kahi lumi, kahi pāʻani wikiō ma kahi ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ʻia kahi kamepiula me nā haʻawina hana ma ke keʻena, a me kahi puke leo. ke heluhelu ʻia nei ma ka lumi kuke), ua manaʻo ʻia e waiho i loko o ke keʻena (hiki paha i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka hale) i kapa ʻia ʻo "busbars". ʻO ia hoʻi, kekahi mau uwea āpau e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka uila a hoʻomalu iā lākou ma o ka mea hana.
Manaʻo mai ka ʻatikala:
"ʻO SPHINX ka lako radio-electronic no ka home o ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO nā hana āpau i ka loaʻa ʻana, hoʻopaʻa ʻana, mālama ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻike like ʻole e hana ʻia e kahi kaʻina hana hale kikowaena me kahi mea mālama mālama honua. Hāʻawi ka noiʻi hou i ke kumu e manaʻolana ai no ka puka ʻana mai o ia mea lawe honua i ka wā e hiki mai ana. E hoʻololi ia (hoʻopiha mua) i nā moʻolelo gramophone, nā leo leo a me nā cassette wikiō, nā CD o kēia manawa, nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi paheʻe (nā kiʻi paʻi), nā kikokikona i paʻi ʻia, etc.
Hema — hui me ka mea hoʻohana kikowaena SPHINX. ʻO kēia mau "petals" ʻē aʻe i ka huelo he waihona mālama, nā analogues o SSDs hou, HDD, flash drive, a i ʻole, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, nā CD. I ka USSR ua maopopo lākou ʻo ka mea mua ka mea lawe ʻikepili honua he disk, a laila crystalline, me ka ʻole o ka neʻe ʻana i nā mīkini i ka heluhelu ʻana.
ma ka waena - ʻelua mau koho no kahi papa mana nui. Paʻa ka polū a loaʻa iā ia kahi mana mamao liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka hoʻomaha. Keʻokeʻo - pseudo-sensory, i ka hoʻomaha - kahi kelepona kelepona. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i kahi pale ʻano papa papa e hana i kahi mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai i kahi kamepiula hou. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka papa keyboard he mau kī "ʻoi aku - emi" no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻāpana.
Ma ka ʻākau - kahi mana mamao paʻa lima liʻiliʻi me kahi hōʻike paʻa. ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho diagonal o nā pihi, e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, ua maʻalahi loa no ka hana ʻana me ka mana mamao. Pono e hoʻomālamalama ʻia kēlā me kēia kī, a inā pono, hiki ke hoʻāla ʻia kahi pane lohe i ke kaomi ʻana.
E hoʻomaopopo ua māhele ʻia nā polokalamu SPHINX i ʻekolu pūʻulu:
- Hiki ke komo
- Pili hale
- Pili ka halihali
He mea maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i "nā kūpeʻe lima akamai" a me nā wati, "home akamai" a me nā kamepiula kaʻa ma luna o ka papa.
He aha kāu e hana ai me ke kōkua o ka SPHINX? ʻAe, ʻo ka mea like a mākou e hana nei i kēia lā: nānā i ka TV a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni mai ka waihona media, hoʻolohe i ke mele, loaʻa ka ʻikepili o ka wā, kelepona wikiō.
"Maʻaneʻi hiki ke nānā i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā papahana wikiō, nā hōʻike TV, nā hana noʻeau, nā kiʻi ʻē aʻe a me nā mele kani, e pāʻani i nā pāʻani kamepiula hui, a hiki ke hōʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana o kahi album ʻohana ma ʻaneʻi. Hiki i ka ʻohana ke hoʻonohonoho i nā kelepona ʻoluʻolu a i ʻole nā hālāwai ʻoihana. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia nā ʻike hou aku (manawa, ka wā, ka ʻike, nā ala ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) ma kahi kiʻi hoʻokomo.
- ua moe lākou i ka USSR.
Ua hoʻolako ʻia nā pilina uea a me nā uea ʻole o nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. Ua hilinaʻi nā mea hoʻomohala e hiki i ka mea hana ke loaʻa ka ʻike a hāʻawi i nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka hale ma o ka lekiō (kahi prototype o Wi-Fi). Pono e loa'a i ka mea ho'ohehe'e kikowaena kekahi 'āpana e ho'ololi i nā 'ano hō'ailona like 'ole i ke 'ano kikoho'e.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana ponoʻī i hana wale i mea e puʻunaue ai i nā hana i nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻaʻole pono e mālama ʻia ma kahi i ʻike ʻia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā ʻoe e pana i ka hāmeʻa ma kahi mamao, a laila paʻakikī ke hoʻokomo i nā "petals" i loko - nā mea mālama ʻike. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēlā me kēia disk ke kuleana no ka leʻaleʻa a i ʻole ka hana hana no hoʻokahi lālā ʻohana. ʻO ia hoʻi, no ka laʻana, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā pāʻani ma kahi ʻano, nā mele a me nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao ma kekahi, ʻoihana a me nā noi hoʻomohala ma ke kolu, etc.
Pono ke kikowaena kikowaena e hoʻouna i nā mea e pono ai i ka hōʻike.
"Hāʻawi ʻo SPHINX iā ʻoe e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi keʻena me nā hana hoʻokahi e pono ai. ʻAʻole ulu ka nui o nā mea hana i ka nui o nā mea hoʻohana a me nā hana, akā liʻiliʻi wale nō. "
- ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia ka manaʻo o kahi kelepona. No ka nui o nā noi (hana) āu e kau ai, ʻaʻole loli ka nui o ka hāmeʻa. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻokomo i kahi kāleka hoʻomanaʻo nui.
Nānā ka ʻōnaehana , akā ʻo nā mana āpau o ka SPHINX, e like me ka ʻōnaehana ponoʻī, i kēlā manawa i nānā maikaʻi wale ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā nūpepa. ʻO ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā hana, ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka manaʻo, ʻaʻole ia o ka nīnau. Ke hoʻokokoke koke nei ka Soviet Union i ka pae hope o ka hāʻule ʻana, me nā kupona no ke kō, ke kopa a me ka ʻiʻo, me ka piʻi ʻana o nā hakakā lāhui a me ka ilihune o ka heluna kanaka. ʻO wai ka mea i hoihoi i ka noʻonoʻo o kekahi mau mea hoʻolālā a me nā ʻenekinia?
Pehea la?
No VNIITE, ʻaʻohe mea hoihoi i loaʻa ma laila a hiki i ka waena o 2000s. Ua loli ka moku'āina, a inā ma mua o nā huahana a pau i hana ʻia ma USSR i hala ma VNIITE, ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia. Ua lilo ka institute i mea ʻilihune, nalowale nā lālā ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe a me nā limahana he nui, a pani i ke kikowaena hoʻolālā ma Pushkinskaya Square. Ua hana nui nā limahana i ka hana ʻepekema me ka ʻaneʻane like me ka hana ʻana i nā makahiki 80.
Eia naʻe, ma ka waena o 2013s ua loli ke kūlana. Hele mai nā kānaka hou, puka mai nā manaʻo hou. A ma 461, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻimi noiʻi i ke Kulanui ʻo RTU MIREA ma ke kauoha a ke Kuhina Hoʻonaʻauao a me ʻEpekema o ka Russian Federation i helu ʻia ʻo 2014. ʻAʻole i pau kāna mau hana ma laila. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, mai ka makahiki XNUMX, ua mālama ʻia ka International Day of Industrial Design (me ka ʻāina ʻo Skolkovo). Ua hoʻomaka hou ʻia ke keʻena hana ergonomic, ua hoʻomaka hou ʻia ke keʻena ʻepekema a me ke ʻano hana a me ka ʻoihana hoʻolālā, ʻike ʻia nā hana aupuni a me nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao. Ma waena o nā papahana i manaʻo nui ʻia, hōʻike mākou i ka "Ergonomic Atlas". No ke aha he mea nui? 'Ōleloʻo Sergey Moiseev, ka luna hoʻomohala o ke kula:
"Mai ka makahiki 1971, ʻaʻole i ana ʻia nā hōʻailona anthropometric i ko mākou ʻāina, a hoʻololi ko lākou mau kino kino i ka manawa. Aia ka atlas i nā pae hope o ka hana a e hoʻokuʻu koke ʻia. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia, no ka mea i kēia manawa ma Rūsia nā kūlana no ka lole, nā kūlana palekana o ka hana, nā kūlana hana - pili kēia i nā ana o 1971.
No ke poʻo o ka papahana SPHINX, ʻo Dmitry Azrikan, ua neʻe ʻo ia i USA, kahi i lilo ai ʻo ia i luna hoʻolālā o International Promotion Inc. Ma Chicago, a loaʻa iā ia ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau palapala hōʻoia no nā hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me nā patent ma Rusia a me USA. A ua ʻae ʻia ka papahana hoʻolālā hoʻolālā āna i kūkulu ai ma Western Michigan University (USA) a loaʻa iā ia kahi palapala NASAD (National Association of Schools of Art and Design).
Ma ke ala, ua hoʻopau ʻo Dmitry i kāna manaʻo. I ka makahiki 1990, ua hōʻike ʻia kāna manaʻo ma Sepania.» . A ma kahi hōʻikeʻike ma 1992 ma Iapana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻano o nā manaʻo e ka manaʻo futurological "".
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Source: www.habr.com