ʻO ka "Underbed" ka hoʻokipa ʻana he inoa slang no kahi kikowaena aia ma kahi hale noho maʻamau a pili ʻia i ka pūnaewele pūnaewele home. Hoʻokipa maʻamau ia mau kikowaena i kahi kikowaena FTP lehulehu, ka ʻaoʻao home o ka mea nona, a i kekahi manawa hoʻokipa holoʻokoʻa no nā papahana ʻē aʻe. He mea maʻamau kēia ʻano i nā lā mua o ka puka ʻana o ka Internet home affordable ma o kahi kaila i hoʻolaʻa ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i kahi kikowaena i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i kahi kikowaena data he nui ke kumukūʻai, a ʻaʻole i laha a maʻalahi nā kikowaena virtual.
ʻO ka pinepine, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi kamepiula kahiko no ka server "underbed", kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai nā paʻakikī paʻakikī a pau. Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe ma ke ʻano he router home a me ka pā ahi. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia limahana kelepona pili pono iā ia iho kahi kikowaena ma ka home.
Me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā lawelawe kapuaʻi kūpono, ua liʻiliʻi ka kaulana o nā kikowaena home, a i kēia lā ʻo ka mea nui loa e ʻike ʻia ma nā hale noho he NAS no ka mālama ʻana i nā album kiʻi, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā backup.
Kūkākūkā ka ʻatikala i nā hihia koʻikoʻi e pili ana i nā kikowaena home a me nā pilikia i kū i kā lākou mau luna. E ʻike kākou i ke ʻano o kēia hanana i kēia mau lā a koho i nā mea hoihoi āu e hoʻokipa ai ma kāu kikowaena pilikino i kēia lā.
Nā kikowaena pūnaewele home ma Novaya Kakhovka. Kiʻi mai ka pūnaewele nag.ru
Helu IP pololei
ʻO ke koi nui no kahi kikowaena home ʻo ka hele ʻana o kahi IP IP maoli, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka Pūnaewele. ʻAʻole i hāʻawi ka nui o nā mea hoʻolako i kēlā lawelawe no kēlā me kēia kanaka, a pono e loaʻa ma o kahi ʻaelike kūikawā. ʻO ka manawa pinepine e koi ʻia ka mea hāʻawi e hoʻopau i kahi ʻaelike kaʻawale no ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka IP i hoʻolaʻa ʻia. I kekahi manawa ua pili kēia kaʻina hana i ka hana ʻana i kahi NIC Handle no ka mea nona ka mea nona ka inoa piha a me kona helu home i loaʻa pololei me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kauoha Whois. Eia mākou e makaʻala i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ma ka Pūnaewele, ʻoiai ua pau ka ʻakaʻaka e pili ana i ka "helu ʻana ma IP" i mea hoʻohenehene. Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole i lōʻihi loa i hala aku nei he scandal , ka mea i hoʻoholo e waiho i ka ʻikepili pilikino o kāna mau mea kūʻai aku ma whois.
Helu IP mau me DynDNS
Maikaʻi inā hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi leka uila IP paʻa - a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi maʻalahi i nā inoa inoa āpau iā ia a poina iā ia, akā ʻaʻole hiki i kēia manawa. Nui nā mea hoʻolako ADSL nui federal i hāʻawi i nā mea kūʻai aku i kahi IP IP maoli wale nō no ka lōʻihi o ke kau, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻololi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā, a i ʻole i hoʻomaka hou ʻia ka modem a i ʻole nalo ka pilina. I kēia hihia, hele mai nā lawelawe DNS Dyn (dynamic) i ka hoʻopakele. ʻO ka lawelawe kaulana loa , ka mea i manuahi no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki ke loaʻa i kahi subdomain ma ka ʻāpana *.dyndns.org, hiki ke hoʻololi koke ʻia ke hoʻololi ʻia ka helu IP. Kikeke mau kekahi palapala kūikawā ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea kūʻai aku ma ka server DynDNS, a inā i hoʻololi ʻia kona helu i waho, ua hoʻokomo koke ʻia ka helu hou i ka A-record o ka subdomain.
Ua pani ʻia nā awa a me nā protocol kapu
Nui nā mea hoʻolako, ʻoi aku ka nui ADSL, kūʻē i nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻolaha ana i nā lawelawe lehulehu ma kā lākou mau helu wahi, no laila ua pāpā lākou i nā pilina e komo mai i nā awa kaulana e like me HTTP. Aia nā hihia i ʻike ʻia kahi i pāpā ai nā mea hoʻolako i nā awa o nā kikowaena pāʻani, e like me Counter-Strike a me Half-Life. Ke kaulana nei kēia hana i kēia mau lā, kahi i pilikia ai i kekahi manawa. No ka laʻana, kokoke nā mea hoʻolako āpau e hoʻopaʻa i nā awa RPC a me NetBios Windows (135-139 a me 445) i mea e pale ai i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi virus, a me nā awa komo pinepine no ka leka uila SMTP, POP3, IMAP protocol.
ʻO nā mea hoʻolako e hāʻawi i nā lawelawe kelepona IP ma waho o ka Pūnaewele e like me ka pale ʻana i nā awa protocol SIP i mea e koi ai i nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana wale i kā lākou lawelawe kelepona.
PTR a me ka hoʻouna leka
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kāu kikowaena leka uila he kumuhana nui kaʻawale. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kahi kikowaena leka uila pilikino ma lalo o kou wahi moe i lalo o kou mana he manaʻo hoʻowalewale loa. Akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hana i nā manawa a pau. Hoʻopaʻa mau ʻia ka hapa nui o nā helu IP IP home ma nā papa inoa spam (), no laila hōʻole wale nā kikowaena leka i ka ʻae ʻana i nā pilina SMTP e komo mai ana mai nā helu IP o nā mea hoʻolako home. ʻO ka hopena, aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻouna i kahi leka mai kahi kikowaena.
Eia kekahi, no ka hoʻouna maikaʻi ʻana i ka leka uila, pono ia e hoʻokomo i ka moʻolelo PTR pololei ma ka helu IP, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻohuli ʻana o ka IP address i kahi inoa inoa. Ua ʻae ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻolako i kēia me kahi ʻaelike kūikawā a i ʻole i ka wā e hoʻopau ai i kahi ʻaelike kaʻawale.
Ke ʻimi nei mākou i nā kikowaena ma lalo o kahi moe o nā hoalauna
Ke hoʻohana nei i nā moʻolelo PTR, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka mea o ko mākou mau hoalauna e nā IP address i ʻae e hoʻonohonoho i kahi moʻolelo DNS kūikawā no kā lākou IP. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e lawe i kā mākou home IP address a holo i ke kauoha no ia whois, a loaʻa iā mākou ka laulā o nā ʻōlelo a ka mea hoʻolako e hoʻopuka ai i nā mea kūʻai aku. Nui paha nā pae like ʻole, akā no ka hoʻokolohua, e nānā kāua.
I kā mākou hihia, ʻo kēia ka mea hoʻolako pūnaewele (Rostelecom). E hele kāua i a e kiʻi i kā mākou helu IP:
Ma ke ala, ʻo Online kekahi o nā mea hoʻolako e hoʻopuka mau i kahi IP paʻa i nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻoiai me ka ʻole o kahi lawelawe leka uila IP. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke loli ka helu wahi no nā mahina.
E hoʻoholo i ka pae helu helu holoʻokoʻa 95.84.192.0/18 (ma kahi o 16 tausani mau helu) me ka nmap. Koho -sL ʻAʻole ʻo ia e nānā ikaika i nā pūʻali, akā hoʻouna wale i nā nīnau DNS, no laila ma nā hopena e ʻike wale mākou i nā laina i loaʻa kahi kikowaena pili me kahi IP address.
$ nmap -sL -vvv 95.84.192.0/18
......
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-131.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.131)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-132.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.132)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-133.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.133)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-134.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.134)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-135.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.135)
Nmap scan report for mx2.merpassa.ru (95.84.195.136)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-137.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.137)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-138.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.138)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-139.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.139)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-140.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.140)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-141.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.141)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-142.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.142)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-143.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.143)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-144.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.144)
.....
Loaʻa i nā helu wahi āpau kahi moʻolelo PTR maʻamau e like me broadband-address.ip.moscow.rt.ru koe wale no kekahi mau mea, me mx2.merpassa.ru. Ke hoʻoholo nei e ka mx subdomain, he kikowaena leka kēia (mail exchange). E ho'āʻo kākou e nānā i kēia helu wahi ma ka lawelawe
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia aia ka laulā IP holoʻokoʻa ma kahi papa inoa poloka mau, a ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā leka i hoʻouna ʻia mai kēia kikowaena. E noʻonoʻo i kēia ke koho ʻana i kahi kikowaena no ka leka uila.
He manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole ka mālama ʻana i kahi kikowaena leka uila ma ka laulā IP o kāu mea hoʻolako home. E pilikia ana kēlā kikowaena i ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka leka uila. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia inā manaʻo kāu luna ʻōnaehana e hoʻolele pololei i kahi kikowaena leka uila ma kahi helu IP keʻena.
E hoʻohana i ka hoʻokipa maoli a i ʻole kahi lawelawe leka uila. Ma kēia ʻano e kelepona pinepine ʻoe e nānā inā ua hiki mai kāu mau leka.
Hoʻokipa ma kahi mea hoʻokele WiFi
Me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā kamepiula papa hoʻokahi e like me ka Raspberry Pi, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha ka ʻike ʻana i kahi pūnaewele e holo ana ma luna o kahi hāmeʻa e like me ka nui o ka ʻeke cigakeke, akā ma mua o ka Raspberry Pi, holo pololei ka poʻe hoihoi i nā ʻaoʻao home ma kahi router WiFi!
ʻO ka mea kaʻao WRT54G router, nāna i hoʻomaka i ka papahana OpenWRT ma 2004
ʻO ka mea alalai Linksys WRT54G, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ka papahana OpenWRT, ʻaʻohe ona port USB, akā ua ʻike nā mea hana i nā pine GPIO i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me SPI. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o kahi mod i hoʻohui i kahi kāleka SD i ka hāmeʻa. Ua wehe kēia i ke kūʻokoʻa nui no ka noʻonoʻo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui pū i kahi PHP holoʻokoʻa! Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au pehea, kokoke me ka ʻike ʻole pehea e solder, ua kūʻai aku au i kahi kāleka SD i kēia router. Ma hope aku, e ʻike ʻia nā awa USB i nā mea hoʻokele a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokomo i kahi pahu uila.
Ma mua, aia kekahi mau papahana ma ka Pūnaewele i hoʻokuʻu piha ʻia ma kahi router WiFi home; aia kahi leka e pili ana i kēia ma lalo. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i loaʻa iaʻu kahi pūnaewele ola. Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kēia mau mea?
Nā keʻena kikowaena mai nā papa IKEA
I kekahi lā, ua ʻike kekahi ua hana maikaʻi kahi papaʻaina kofe kaulana mai IKEA i kapa ʻia ʻo Lack ma ke ʻano he rack no nā kikowaena 19-inihi maʻamau. Ma muli o kona kumukūʻai o $9, ua lilo kēia papaʻaina i mea kaulana loa no ka hana ʻana i nā kikowaena ʻikepili home. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻonohonoho .
He mea kūpono ka papa ʻaina ʻo Ikea Lakk ma kahi o kahi keʻena kikowaena
Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā papa ma luna o kekahi a hana i nā keʻena kikowaena maoli. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ma muli o ka fragile chipboard laminated, na nā kikowaena kaumaha i hāʻule nā papaʻaina. No ka hilinaʻi, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia lākou me nā kihi metala.
Pehea i hoʻonele ai nā keiki kula iaʻu i ka Pūnaewele
E like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, loaʻa iaʻu kaʻu kikowaena ma lalo o kahi moe, kahi e holo ai kahi ʻaha kūkā maʻalahi, i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i kahi kumuhana pili i ka pāʻani. I kekahi lā, he keiki kula koʻikoʻi, ʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka pāpā, hoʻohuli ʻo ia i kona mau hoa, a hoʻomaka lākou e DDoS i kaʻu forum mai kā lākou kamepiula home. No ka mea he 20 Megabits ka pūnaewele puni honua holoʻokoʻa i kēlā manawa, ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau loa i kaʻu pūnaewele home. ʻAʻole kōkua ka pale ahi, no ka mea, ua pau loa ke kahawai.
He ʻakaʻaka ke nānā aku i waho.
- Aloha, no ke aha ʻoe e pane ʻole mai iaʻu ma ICQ?
- E kala mai, ʻaʻohe pūnaewele, ke ʻimi nei lākou e ʻimi iaʻu.
ʻAʻole i kōkua ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka mea hoʻolako, haʻi mai lākou iaʻu ʻaʻole ko lākou kuleana e hana i kēia, a hiki iā lākou ke kāohi wale i kaʻu mau kaʻa komo. No laila, noho au no ʻelua lā me ka ʻole o ka Pūnaewele a luhi ka poʻe hoʻouka.
hopena
Pono e koho ʻia nā lawelawe P2P hou i hiki ke kau ʻia ma kahi kikowaena home, e like me ZeroNet, IPFS, Tahoe-LAFS, BitTorrent, I2P. Akā i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala iho nei, ua loli nui koʻu manaʻo. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au ʻo ka hoʻokipa ʻana i nā lawelawe lehulehu ma kahi helu IP home, a ʻoi aku hoʻi nā mea e pili ana i ka hoʻoiho ʻana i nā ʻike mea hoʻohana, hana i kahi pilikia kūpono ʻole no nā poʻe noho āpau e noho ana i loko o ke keʻena. I kēia manawa ke aʻo aku nei au iā ʻoe e pāpā i nā pilina komo mai ka Pūnaewele me ka hiki, e haʻalele i nā helu IP i hoʻolaʻa ʻia, a mālama i kāu mau papahana āpau ma nā kikowaena mamao ma ka Pūnaewele.
E hahai i kā mākou mea hoʻomohala ma Instagram
Source: www.habr.com