Load Balancing with AWS ELB

Nyob zoo sawv daws! Hoob no pib hnub no "AWS for Developers", nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog rau qhov uas peb tau tuav ib tug sib tham thematic webinar mob siab rau lub ELB tshuaj xyuas. Peb tau saib cov hom kev sib npaug thiab tsim ob peb EC2 piv txwv nrog tus ntsuas. Peb kuj tau kawm lwm yam piv txwv ntawm kev siv.

Tom qab mloog lub webinar, Koj yuav:

• to taub dab tsi AWS Load Balancing yog;
• paub hom Elastic Load Balancer thiab nws cov khoom;
• siv AWS ELB hauv koj qhov kev xyaum.

Vim li cas koj yuav tsum paub qhov no tag nrho?

• muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias koj tab tom npaj yuav xeem ntawv pov thawj AWS;
• qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los faib cov load ntawm servers;
• Nov yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim ntxiv Lambda rau koj qhov kev pabcuam (ALB).

Ua ib zaj lus qhia qhib Rishat Teregulov, systems engineer ntawm lub tuam txhab lag luam rau kev txhim kho lub vev xaib thiab kev txhawb nqa.

Taw qhia

Yuav ua li cas Elastic Load Balancer tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no, uas qhia tau hais tias piv txwv yooj yim:

Load Balancer lees txais cov lus thov thiab faib lawv thoob plaws qhov xwm txheej. Peb muaj ib qho piv txwv, muaj Lambda ua haujlwm thiab muaj pab pawg AutoScaling (ib pab pawg ntawm servers).

AWS ELB Types

1. Cia peb saib cov hom tseem ceeb:

Classic Load Balancer. Thawj thawj load balancer los ntawm AWS, ua haujlwm ntawm OSI Txheej 4 thiab Txheej 7, txhawb HTTP, HTTPS, TCP thiab SSL. Nws muab kev sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm ntau yam Amazon EC2 thiab ua haujlwm ntawm ob qhov kev thov thiab kev sib txuas. Cia peb qhib nws (highlighted hauv grey):

Qhov ntsuas ntsuas no suav tias yog qhov qub, yog li nws raug pom zoo siv rau qee kis. Piv txwv li, rau cov ntawv thov uas tau tsim los ntawm EC2-Classic network. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tsis muaj leej twg txwv tsis pub peb tsim nws:

2. Network Load Balancer. Haum rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav, ua haujlwm ntawm OSI Txheej 4 ( tuaj yeem siv hauv EKS thiab ECS), TCP, UDP thiab TLS tau txais kev txhawb nqa.

Network Load Balancer khiav tsheb mus rau lub hom phiaj hauv Amazon VPC thiab muaj peev xwm ua tiav ntau lab ntawm kev thov ib ob nrog ultra-low latency. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog optimized los tswj cov qauv tsheb nrog ceev ceev thiab hloov loads.

3. Daim ntawv thov Load Balancer. Ua haujlwm ntawm txheej 7, muaj kev txhawb nqa Lambda, txhawb cov thawj coj thiab cov kev cai theem, txhawb HTTP thiab HTTPS.
Muab cov kev thov siab tshaj plaws uas tsom rau kev xa cov ntawv thov ua rau niaj hnub architectures, suav nrog microservices thiab ntim. Qhia tsheb khiav mus rau lub hom phiaj hauv Amazon VPC raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev thov.

Rau ntau tus neeg siv, Application Load Balancer yog thawj qhov kev xaiv los hloov Classic Load Balancer, vim tias TCP tsis zoo li HTTP.

Cia peb tsim nws ib yam nkaus, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov peb yuav twb muaj ob lub load balancers:

Load Balance Cheebtsam

Common Load Balance Cheebtsam (feem ntau rau txhua tus sib npaug):

• Txoj Cai Kev Nkag Mus Nkag

- Koj cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau ELB. Txhawm rau teeb tsa, koj tuaj yeem mus rau Cov Lus Qhia thiab xaiv "Kho kom raug yam ntxwv" khawm:

Tom qab ntawd peb qhia S3Bucket - Amazon khoom cia:

• Tswvyim

- sab hauv lossis sab nraud balancer. Lub ntsiab lus yog seb koj li LoadBalancer yuav tsum tau txais cov chaw nyob sab nraud kom nkag tau los ntawm sab nraud, lossis nws puas tuaj yeem yog koj qhov khoom sib npaug hauv;

• Kev ruaj ntseg pawg

- nkag mus tswj rau lub balancer. Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov no yog qib siab firewall.

• Subnets

- subnets hauv koj VPC (thiab, raws li, thaj chaw muaj). Subnets tau teev tseg thaum tsim. Yog tias VPCs raug txwv los ntawm cheeb tsam, ces Subnets raug txwv los ntawm thaj chaw muaj. Thaum tsim lub Load Balancer, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tsim nws hauv tsawg kawg ob lub subnets (pab yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim nrog ib qho Availability Zone);

• Cov neeg mloog

- koj cov kev cai sib npaug. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, rau Classic Load Balancer nws tuaj yeem yog HTTP, HTTPS, TCP thiab SSL, rau Network Load Balancer - TCP, UDP thiab TLS, rau Daim Ntawv Thov Load Balancer - HTTP thiab HTTPS.

Piv txwv rau Classic Load Balancer:

Tab sis hauv Daim Ntawv Thov Load Balancer peb pom qhov sib txawv me ntsis thiab feem ntau sib txawv logic:

Load Balancer v2 Cheebtsam (ALB thiab NLB)

Tam sim no cia peb saib ze dua ntawm version 2 balancers Application Load Balancer thiab Network Load Balancer. Cov balancers no muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv. Piv txwv li, xws li lub tswv yim xws li Lub Hom Phiaj Pawg tau tshwm sim - piv txwv (thiab ua haujlwm). Ua tsaug rau qhov kev tivthaiv no, peb muaj lub sijhawm los qhia qhov twg ntawm Pawg Lub Hom Phiaj uas peb xav tau coj mus los.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, hauv Cov Hom Phiaj peb qhia qhov xwm txheej uas cov tsheb yuav tuaj. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv tib lub Classic Load Balancer koj tsuas yog tam sim ntawd txuas qhov siv rau lub balancer, ces nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov Load Balancer koj ua ntej:

• tsim lub Load Balancer;
• tsim ib pab pawg Target;
• ncaj qha los ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj xav tau lossis Load Balancer cov cai mus rau Pawg Cov Hom Phiaj uas xav tau;
• Hauv Cov Pab Pawg Cov Hom Phiaj koj muab cov piv txwv.

Qhov kev khiav hauj lwm logic no yuav zoo li nyuaj, tab sis qhov tseeb nws yooj yim dua.

Cov khoom txuas ntxiv yog Mloog txoj cai (txoj cai rau routing). Qhov no tsuas yog siv rau Daim Ntawv Thov Load Balancer. Yog tias nyob rau hauv Network Load Balancer koj tsuas yog tsim ib Tus Neeg Mloog, thiab nws xa cov tsheb mus rau ib pawg Target tshwj xeeb, tom qab ntawd hauv Daim Ntawv Thov Load Balancer txhua yam lom zem thiab yooj yim dua.

Tam sim no cia peb hais ob peb lo lus hais txog lub ntsiab lus tom ntej - Elastic IP (qhov chaw nyob zoo li qub rau NLB). Yog tias Tus Neeg Mloog cov cai tswj hwm txoj cai cuam tshuam tsuas yog Daim Ntawv Thov Load Balancer, ces Elastic IP tsuas cuam tshuam rau Network Load Balancer.

Cia peb tsim Network Load Balancer:

Thiab tsuas yog thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov txheej txheem peb yuav pom tias peb tau txais lub sijhawm los xaiv Elastic IP:

Elastic IP muab ib tus IP chaw nyob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej EC2 sib txawv hauv lub sijhawm. Yog tias qhov piv txwv EC2 muaj Elastic IP chaw nyob thiab qhov piv txwv ntawd raug txiav lossis tso tseg, koj tuaj yeem koom nrog EC2 piv txwv tshiab nrog Elastic IP chaw nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, koj daim ntawv thov tam sim no yuav tsis tso tseg, txij li cov ntawv thov tseem pom tib qhov chaw nyob IP, txawm tias EC2 tiag tiag tau hloov pauv.

no lwm yam siv ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm vim li cas Elastic IP xav tau. Saib, peb pom 3 IP chaw nyob, tab sis lawv yuav tsis nyob ntawm no mus ib txhis:

Amazon hloov lawv lub sijhawm, tej zaum txhua 60 vib nas this (tab sis hauv kev xyaum, tau kawg, tsawg zaus). Qhov no txhais tau tias IP chaw nyob tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Thiab nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm Network Load Balancer, koj tuaj yeem khi tus IP chaw nyob thiab qhia nws hauv koj cov cai, cov cai, thiab lwm yam.

Kos cov lus xaus

ELB muab kev faib tawm tsis siv neeg nkag mus hla ntau lub hom phiaj (cov thawv ntim khoom, Amazon EC2 piv txwv, IP chaw nyob, thiab Lambda ua haujlwm). ELB muaj peev xwm faib cov tsheb thauj mus los nrog cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ob qho tib si hauv ib cheeb tsam Availability thiab hla ntau thaj chaw muaj. Tus neeg siv tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm peb hom kev sib npaug uas muab cov khoom muaj siab, autoscaling, thiab kev tiv thaiv zoo. Tag nrho cov no yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov ua txhaum cai ntawm koj daim ntawv thov.

Lub ntsiab zoo:

• muaj ntau. Daim ntawv cog lus kev pabcuam xav tias 99,99% muaj rau cov khoom sib npaug. Piv txwv li, ntau qhov Availability Zones xyuas kom meej tias kev khiav tsheb tsuas yog ua tiav los ntawm cov khoom noj qab haus huv xwb. Qhov tseeb, koj tuaj yeem sib npaug ntawm cov khoom thauj thoob plaws cheeb tsam, hloov tsheb mus rau cov hom phiaj noj qab haus huv hauv thaj chaw muaj ntau yam;
• kev ruaj ntseg. ELB ua haujlwm nrog Amazon VPC, muab ntau yam kev ruaj ntseg muaj peev xwm - kev tswj hwm daim ntawv pov thawj, kev siv tus neeg siv khoom pov thawj, thiab SSL / TLS decryption. Tag nrho ua ke muab kev tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab thiab hloov pauv ntawm TLS chaw;
• elasticity. ELB tuaj yeem tswj cov kev hloov pauv sai sai hauv kev sib txuas hauv network. Thiab sib sib zog nqus kev koom ua ke nrog Auto Scaling muab daim ntawv thov txaus cov peev txheej yog tias lub load hloov pauv, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm phau ntawv;
• yooj. Koj tuaj yeem siv IP chaw nyob rau kev thov rau koj lub hom phiaj daim ntawv thov. Qhov no muab kev yooj yim thaum virtualizing lub hom phiaj daim ntawv thov, yog li muab lub peev xwm los tuav ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm ib qho piv txwv. Txij li thaum daim ntawv thov siv tau ib qho chaw nres nkoj network thiab muaj cov pab pawg ruaj ntseg, kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov ntawv thov tau yooj yim thaum peb muaj, hais, microservices-based architecture;
• kev soj ntsuam thiab tshawb xyuas. Koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov ntawv thov hauv lub sijhawm siv Amazon CloudWatch nta. Peb tab tom tham txog metrics, cav, thov nrhiav. Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, koj yuav tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem thiab txheeb xyuas qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo heev;
• hybrid load ntsuas. Lub peev xwm thauj khoom sib npaug ntawm cov peev txheej hauv tsev thiab AWS siv tib lub load balancer ua rau nws yooj yim rau kev tsiv teb tsaws lossis nthuav cov ntawv thov hauv tsev rau huab. Kev tuav tsis tau kuj tseem ua kom yooj yim siv huab.

Yog tias koj txaus siab rau cov ntsiab lus, ntawm no yog ob peb qhov tseem ceeb txuas ntxiv los ntawm Amazon lub vev xaib official:

1. Elastic Load Balancing.
2. Elastic Load Balancing peev xwm.

Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com