Peb txuas ntxiv tham txog cov cuab yeej rau kev ntsuas CPU kev ua tau zoo ntawm Linux tshuab. Niaj hnub no hauv cov khoom siv: temci, uarch-lub rooj ntev zaum, likwid, perf-tools thiab llvm-mca.
Ntau cov qauv ntsuas:
Yog - β Unsplash
Qhov no yog ib qho cuab yeej rau kwv yees lub sijhawm ua tiav ntawm ob qhov kev pab cuam. Qhov tseem ceeb, nws tso cai rau koj los sib piv lub sijhawm ua tiav ntawm ob daim ntawv thov. Tus kws sau ntawv siv hluav taws xob yog tus tub ntxhais kawm los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, Johannes Bechberger, uas tau tsim nws los ua ib feem ntawm nws txoj kev kawm tiav hauv 2016. Hnub no lub cuab tam muaj ntawv tso cai raws li GNU General Public License.
Johannes xav tsim ib lub cuab yeej uas yuav tso cai rau nws los ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv computer hauv ib puag ncig tswj. Yog li ntawd, ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm temci yog lub peev xwm los teeb tsa qhov chaw sim. Piv txwv li, : hloov CPU zaus tswj chaw, lov tes taw thiab L1 thiab L2 caches, tua turbo hom ntawm Intel processors, thiab lwm yam. Rau benchmarking temci siv cov cuab yeej , ΠΈ .
Nov yog qhov kev siv hluav taws xob zoo li hauv thawj rooj plaub:
# compare the run times of two programs, running them each 20 times
> temci short exec "sleep 0.1" "sleep 0.2" --runs 20
Benchmark 20 times [####################################] 100%
Report for single runs
sleep 0.1 ( 20 single benchmarks)
avg_mem_usage mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
avg_res_set mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
etime mean = 100.00000m, deviation = 0.00000%
max_res_set mean = 2.1800k, deviation = 3.86455%
stime mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
utime mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
sleep 0.2 ( 20 single benchmarks)
avg_mem_usage mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
avg_res_set mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
etime mean = 200.00000m, deviation = 0.00000%
max_res_set mean = 2.1968k, deviation = 3.82530%
stime mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
utime mean = 0.000, deviation = 0.0
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig kev ntsuas ntsuas, qhov system generates nrog cov duab kos, cov ntxhuav thiab cov duab, uas txawv temci los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem zoo sib xws.
Ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm temci, nws "cov hluas" sawv tawm. Vim li no nws hardware thiab software configurations. Piv txwv li, nws nyuaj rau khiav ntawm macOS, thiab qee qhov nta tsis muaj nyob ntawm ARM-based system. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov xwm txheej yuav hloov pauv, raws li tus sau tau nquag txhim kho qhov project, thiab cov hnub qub ntawm GitHub tau maj mam nce ntxiv - tsis ntev dhau los temci txawm tias. ntawm Hacker News.
Ib qho txiaj ntsig rau kev ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov haujlwm qis CPU, tsim los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij Travis Downs (). Tsis ntev los no nws tau ua blogging ntawm GitHub Nplooj ntawv, uas tham txog cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas thiab lwm yam ntsig txog. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, uarch-lub rooj ntev zaum yog nyuam qhuav pib muaj koob meej, tab sis twb heev heev Cov neeg nyob hauv Hacker Xov Xwm hauv cov xov xwm thematic ua ib qho cuab yeej mus rau kev ntsuas.
Uarch-lub rooj ntev zaum tso cai rau koj los ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cim xeeb, cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug ntawm kev thauj khoom ceev thiab kev ua haujlwm tu . Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov ntsuas tau tsim los ntawm qhov program zoo li tuaj yeem pom hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawv.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias uarch-lub rooj ntev zaum, zoo li temci, Intel Turbo Boost muaj nuj nqi (nws cia li ua kom lub processor moos ceev nyob rau hauv load) thiaj li hais tias qhov kev xeem tau zoo ib yam.
Txog tam sim no, qhov project yog nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev txhim kho, yog li uarch-lub rooj ntev zaum tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws, thiab nws txoj haujlwm yuav muaj cov kab - piv txwv li, nrog tso tawm ntawm Ryzen. Tsis tas li, tsuas yog cov qauv ntsuas rau x86 architectures tau txais kev txhawb nqa. Tus sau tau cog lus tias yuav ntxiv kev ua haujlwm ntxiv rau yav tom ntej thiab caw koj los koom nrog kev txhim kho.
Qhov no yog ib txheej ntawm cov cuab yeej rau kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm Linux tshuab nrog Intel, AMD thiab ARMv8 processors. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa los ntawm German Federal Ministry of Education thiab Research hauv 2017 thiab tso tawm rau hauv qhov qhib.
Ntawm cov cuab yeej likwid, peb tuaj yeem hais txog likwid-powermeter, uas qhia cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm RAPL sau npe txog lub zog siv los ntawm lub kaw lus, nrog rau likwid-setFrequencies, uas tso cai rau koj los tswj cov processor zaus. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov npe tiav .
Cov cuab yeej siv los ntawm engineers koom nrog hauv kev tshawb fawb HPC. Piv txwv li, nrog likwid ib pawg ntawm cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Hauv Cheeb Tsam ntawm University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (RRZE) hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Nws kuj tseem koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej no.
Yog - β Unsplash
Cov cuab yeej no rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Linux servers Brendan Gregg. Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov developers - lub dynamic tracing moj khaum rau debugging daim ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm.
perf-tools yog raws li perf_events thiab ftrace kernel subsystems. Lawv cov khoom siv tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas I / O latency (iosnoop), taug qab qhov kev hu xov tooj sib cav (unccount, funcslower, funcgraph thiab functrace) thiab sau cov txheeb cais ntawm "hits" hauv cov ntaub ntawv cache (cachestat). Hauv qhov xwm txheej kawg, cov lus txib zoo li no:
# ./cachestat -t
Counting cache functions... Output every 1 seconds.
TIME HITS MISSES DIRTIES RATIO BUFFERS_MB CACHE_MB
08:28:57 415 0 0 100.0% 1 191
08:28:58 411 0 0 100.0% 1 191
08:28:59 362 97 0 78.9% 0 8
08:29:00 411 0 0 100.0% 0 9
Ib lub zej zog loj loj tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cuab yeej (). Thiab muaj cov tuam txhab uas nquag siv perf-cov cuab yeej, piv txwv li . Tab sis cov cuab yeej tau tsim thiab hloov kho ntxiv (txawm tias cov kev hloov tshiab tau raug tso tawm tsis ntev los no). Yog li ntawd, kev ua yuam kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv nws txoj haujlwm - tus kws sau ntawv sau tias qee zaum perf-cov cuab yeej ua rau ntsiav ceeb ntshai.
Ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob uas kwv yees seb muaj pes tsawg lub khoos phis tawj siv tshuab code yuav xav tau ntawm CPUs sib txawv. Nws Cov lus qhia rau ib lub voj voog () thiab kev thauj khoom ntawm cov khoom siv uas ib qho kev thov tsim tawm.
llvm-mca tau nthuav tawm hauv 2018 ua ib feem ntawm qhov project , uas yog tsim ib tug universal system rau kev tsom xam, transformation thiab optimization ntawm cov kev pab cuam. Nws paub tias cov kws sau ntawv ntawm llvm-mca tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev daws teeb meem rau kev txheeb xyuas software ua haujlwm thiab nrhiav los tsim ib qho kev xaiv. Thiab raws li cov neeg siv, cov cuab yeej tso zis (lawv cov qauv thiab qhov ntau) zoo ib yam li IACA - piv txwv . Txawm li cas los xij, llvm-mca tsuas lees txais , yog li koj feem ntau yuav tau siv cov converters ua haujlwm nrog nws.
Dab tsi peb sau txog ntawm peb cov blogs thiab social networks:
Peb ntawm 1cloud.ru muab kev pabcuam dawb "" Koj tuaj yeem tswj hwm DNS cov ntaub ntawv hauv ib tus account tus kheej.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com