Feem ntau supercomputers khiav Linux - cia peb tham txog qhov xwm txheej

Raws li xyoo 2018, tsib puas ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws khiav ntawm Linux. Peb tham txog cov laj thawj ntawm qhov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab muab cov tswv yim kws tshaj lij.

Yog - rawpixel — PD

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Txog tam sim no, Linux tau poob rau lwm qhov kev khiav hauj lwm hauv kev sib ntaus rau PC lag luam. Los ntawm muab Statista, Linux tau nruab rau ntawm 1,65% ntawm cov khoos phis tawj nkaus xwb, thaum 77% ntawm cov neeg siv ua haujlwm nrog Microsoft lub OS.

Tej yam zoo dua hauv huab thiab IaaS ib puag ncig, txawm hais tias Windows tseem yog tus thawj coj ntawm no thiab. Piv txwv li, qhov no OS siv 45% ntawm 1cloud.ru cov neeg siv khoom, thaum 44% nyiam Linux faib.

Tab sis yog tias peb tham txog kev ua haujlwm siab, ces Linux yog tus thawj coj meej. Raws li ib tug tsis ntev los no qhia portal Top500 yog ib qhov project uas ranks lub haib tshaj computer installation nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no - supercomputers los ntawm 500 daim ntawv teev npe saum toj kawg nkaus yog tsim los ntawm Linux.

Nyob rau ntawm lub tshuab Summit (tus naj npawb ib ntawm cov npe thaum lub sijhawm sau ntawv), uas tau tsim los ntawm IBM, Red Hat Enterprise ntsia. Tib qhov system tswj lub thib ob haib tshaj supercomputer yog Sierra, thiab Suav installation TaihuLight ua haujlwm ntawm Sunway Raise OS raws li Linux.

Yog vim li cas rau qhov nthuav dav ntawm Linux

Tsim tau. Lub Linux ntsiav yog monolithic thiab khaws cia Nws muaj tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog - tsav tsheb, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kev pabcuam kernel raug tua hauv qhov chaw nyob hauv kernel, uas txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tag nrho. Linux kuj tseem muaj cov kev cai kho vajtse thoob ntiaj teb. Qee qhov kev faib tawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv nrog 128 MB nco. Qhov tseeb tias Linux cov tshuab muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li Windows ob peb xyoos dhau los pom tau txawm yog ib tug ntawm Microsoft developers. Ntawm cov laj thawj, nws tau hais txog qhov kev hloov kho tshiab ntxiv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov cai hauv paus.

Kev qhib siab. Supercomputers nyob rau xyoo 70 thiab 80s feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev lag luam UNIX-raws li kev faib khoom, xws li UNICOS los ntawm Cray. Cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb tau raug yuam kom them cov nuj nqis loj rau OS cov kws sau ntawv, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov nqi kawg ntawm cov khoos phis tawj ua haujlwm siab - nws muaj ntau lab daus las. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov qhib kev khiav hauj lwm tau txo cov nqi software. Xyoo 1998 tau nthuav tawm thawj supercomputer raws li Linux - Avalon Cluster. Nws tau sib sau ua ke ntawm Los Alamos National Laboratory hauv Tebchaws Meskas rau tsuas yog 152 txhiab daus las.

Lub tshuab muaj kev ua tau zoo ntawm 19,3 gigaflops thiab coj 314 qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb sab saum toj. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, qhov no yog ib tug me me kev ua tau zoo, tab sis tus nqi / kev ua tau zoo piv tau nyiam supercomputer developers. Hauv ob xyoos xwb, Linux tau tswj hwm 10% ntawm kev ua lag luam.

Kev kho kom haum. Txhua lub supercomputer muaj qhov tshwj xeeb IT infrastructure. Qhov qhib ntawm Linux muab cov engineers qhov hloov pauv uas lawv xav tau los hloov pauv thiab ua kom zoo dua. Administrator Eddie Epstein, uas tau pab tsim Watson supercomputer, hu ua affordability thiab txheeb ze yooj yim ntawm kev tswj yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau xaiv SUSE Linux.

Supercomputers ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej

IBM's 148-petaflop Summit suav tshuab tau nyob ib puag ncig rau ntau xyoo tam sim no. tuav thawj qhov chaw hauv Top500. Tab sis xyoo 2021, qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem hloov pauv - ntau lub khoos phis tawj exascale yuav nkag mus rau hauv khw ib zaug.

Yog - OLCF ntawm ORNL — CC IB

Ib tug ntawm lawv yog tsim los ntawm US Department of Energy (DOE) ua ke nrog cov kws tshwj xeeb los ntawm Cray. Nws lub hwj chim yuav xa txhawm rau tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua kom sov, nrhiav tshuaj los kho mob qog noj ntshav thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab rau solar panels. Nws twb paub tias lub supercomputer yuav tswj Cray Linux Ib puag ncig OS - Nws yog raws li SUSE Linux Enterprise.

Tuam Tshoj tseem yuav nthuav tawm nws lub tshuab ua haujlwm siab exascale. Nws yuav raug hu ua Tianhe-3 thiab yuav siv rau hauv kev tsim kho caj ces thiab kev tsim tshuaj. Lub supercomputer yuav tsum nruab Kylin Linux, uas twb tau siv rau nws cov thawj coj - Tianhe-2.

Yog li, peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias qhov xwm txheej quo yuav txuas ntxiv nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, thiab Linux yuav txuas ntxiv ntxiv dag zog rau nws cov thawj coj hauv lub niche ntawm cov khoos phis tawj muaj zog tshaj plaws.

Peb ntawm 1cloud muab kev pabcuam "Private huab". Nrog nws cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem siv sai sai rau IT infrastructure rau cov haujlwm ntawm txhua qhov nyuaj.
Peb huab ua rau hlau Cisco, Dell, NetApp. Cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub chaw cov ntaub ntawv: Moscow DataSpace, St. Petersburg SDN/Xelent thiab Almaty Ahost.

Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com