Dab tsi tshiab hauv Ubuntu 20.04

23 APR coj qhov chaw Kev tso tawm ntawm Ubuntu version 20.04, codenamed Focal Fossa, yog kev txhawb nqa mus sij hawm ntev (LTS) tso tawm ntawm Ubuntu thiab yog txuas ntxiv ntawm Ubuntu 18.04 LTS tso tawm xyoo 2018.

Ib me ntsis txog lub npe code. Lo lus "Focal" txhais tau tias "central point" los yog "qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws", uas yog, nws yog txuam nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsom xam, qhov chaw ntawm tej yam khoom, tshwm sim, txheej xwm, thiab "Fossa" muaj lub hauv paus "FOSS" (Dawb thiab Open-Source Software - dawb thiab qhib qhov software) thiab cov kev lig kev cai ntawm naming versions ntawm Ubuntu tom qab tsiaj txhais tau tias Fossa - tus tsiaj loj tshaj plaws los ntawm tsev neeg civet los ntawm cov kob ntawm Madagascar.

Cov neeg tsim tawm tau tso Ubuntu 20.04 ua qhov hloov tshiab loj thiab ua tiav nrog kev txhawb nqa rau 5 xyoo tom ntej rau desktops thiab servers.

Ubuntu 20.04 yog qhov laj thawj txuas ntxiv ntawm Ubuntu 19.04 "Disco Dingo" thiab Ubuntu 19.10 "Eoan Ermine". Nyob rau hauv lub desktop versions, ua raws li qhov tseeb tiam sis, lub ntsiab tsaus nti tau tshwm sim. Yog li, hauv Ubuntu 20.04 muaj peb txoj kev xaiv rau tus qauv Yaru ntsiab lus:

• Lub teeb,
• Tsaus,
• Txuj Ci.

Amazon app kuj raug tshem tawm. Ubuntu 20.04 siv qhov tseeb version raws li lub neej ntawd graphical plhaub GNOME 3.36.

Cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb

Ubuntu 20.04 yog raws li 5.4 kernel, uas tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 24, 2019. Qhov no version tau qhia ntau yam kev hloov tshiab tseem ceeb, uas peb yuav tham hauv qab no.

lz4

Canonical engineers tau sim sib txawv compression algorithms rau cov ntsiav thiab initramfs khau raj duab, sim nrhiav kev lag luam tawm ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws compression (cov ntaub ntawv me me) thiab lub sij hawm decompression. Qhov kev poob qis compression algorithm lz4 tau pom cov txiaj ntsig pom zoo tshaj plaws thiab tau ntxiv rau Ubuntu 19.10, tso cai rau nws txo qis lub sijhawm khau raj piv rau yav dhau los tso tawm (Ubuntu 18.04 thiab 19.04). Tib algorithm yuav nyob twj ywm hauv Ubuntu 20.04.

Linux Lockdown Kernel

Lub Lockdown feature txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Linux ntsiav los ntawm kev txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau cov haujlwm uas tuaj yeem tso cai rau kev ua txhaum cai los ntawm cov cai tawm los ntawm cov neeg siv cov txheej txheem. Tsuas yog muab tso, txawm tias tus account superuser hauv paus tsis tuaj yeem hloov lub kernel code. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los txo qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tawm tsam, txawm tias thaum lub hauv paus account raug cuam tshuam. Yog li, tag nrho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub operating system yog nce.

exFAT

Microsoft FAT cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus tsis tso cai hloov cov ntaub ntawv loj dua 4 GB. Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov kev txwv no, Microsoft tsim cov ntaub ntawv exFAT (los ntawm Lus Askiv Extended FAT - "extended FAT"). Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem format, piv txwv li, USB tsav rau exFAT siv built-in kev them nyiaj yug exFAT cov ntaub ntawv system.

WireGuard

Thaum Ubuntu 20.04 yuav tsis siv 5.6 kernel, tsawg kawg tsis tau tam sim ntawd, nws twb siv WireGuard backport hauv 5.4 kernel. WireGuard yog ib lo lus tshiab hauv kev lag luam VPN, yog li suav nrog WireGuard rau hauv cov ntsiav twb muab Ubuntu 20.04 kom zoo dua hauv huab kev taw qhia.

Kho kab mob nrog CFS quotas thiab tam sim no ntau cov ntawv thov tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sai dua. Ib tus neeg tsav tsheb tau ntxiv uas tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm nrog kub thiab voltage sensors ntawm Ryzen processors.

Cov no tsis yog txhua qhov kev tsim kho tshiab uas tau tshwm sim hauv kernel 5.4. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws tuaj yeem nrhiav pom ntawm cov peev txheej kernewbies.org (ua lus Askiv) thiab ntawm lub rooj sab laj opennet (hauv Russian).

Siv Kubernetes

Canonical tau siv tag nrho kev txhawb nqa hauv Ubuntu 20.04 Kubernetes 1.18 nrog kev txhawb nqa Kubernetes ntxim nyiam, MicroK8s и kub em.

Txhim kho Kubectl ntawm Ubuntu 20.04:

# snap install kubectl --classic

kubectl 1.18.0 from Canonical ✓ installed

Siv SNAP

Canonical tseem txhawb nqa lub pob thoob ntiaj teb - snap. Qhov no tseem pom tseeb dua nrog kev tso tawm ntawm Ubuntu 20.04. Yog hais tias koj sim khiav ib qhov kev pab cuam uas tsis tau ntsia, ces ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov koj yuav tau muab rau nruab nws siv:

# snap install <package>

Txhim kho ZFS kev txhawb nqa

Txawm hais tias Linus Torvalds yuav tsis nyiam ZFS, nws tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv nrov thiab kev sim txhawb nqa tau ntxiv nrog Ubuntu 19.10.
Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab ruaj khov rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv, tib lub tsev archive lossis server cia ntawm kev ua haujlwm ("tawm ntawm lub thawv" nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua li qub LVM). ZFS txhawb kev faib qhov ntau thiab tsawg mus txog 256 quadrillion Zettabytes (li no "Z" hauv lub npe) thiab tuaj yeem tuav cov ntaub ntawv txog li 16 Exabytes loj.

ZFS ua cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas kev ncaj ncees raws li lawv muab tso rau hauv disk li cas. Daim ntawv theej-on-write feature xyuas kom meej tias cov ntaub ntawv siv tsis raug sau. Hloov chaw, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tau sau rau hauv qhov thaiv tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv metadata tau hloov kho los taw tes rau nws. ZFS tso cai rau koj los tsim snapshots (cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus snapshots) uas taug qab cov kev hloov pauv tau ua rau cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus thiab pauv cov ntaub ntawv nrog nws kom txuag tau qhov chaw disk.

ZFS muab ib daim tshev rau txhua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub disk thiab xyuas nws cov xwm txheej tawm tsam nws tas li. Yog tias nws pom tias cov ntaub ntawv puas lawm, nws yuav sim kho nws. Ubuntu installer tam sim no muaj kev xaiv cais uas tso cai rau koj siv ZFS. Koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntxiv txog keeb kwm ntawm ZFS thiab nws cov nta hauv blog Nws yog FOSS.

Nyob zoo Python 2.X

Qhov thib peb version ntawm Python tau qhia rov qab rau xyoo 2008, tab sis txawm tias 12 xyoo tsis txaus rau Python 2 tej yaam num kom hloov mus rau nws.
Rov qab rau hauv Ubuntu 15.10, kev sim ua kom tso tseg Python 2, tab sis nws cov kev txhawb nqa txuas ntxiv mus. Thiab tam sim no Lub Plaub Hlis 20, 2020 tau tawm los Nab hab sej 2.7.18, uas yog qhov tseeb tshaj tawm ntawm Python 2 ceg yuav tsis muaj qhov hloov tshiab ntxiv rau nws.

Ubuntu 20.04 tsis txhawb nqa Python 2 thiab siv Python 3.8 ua lub neej ntawd version ntawm Python. Hmoov tsis zoo, muaj ntau qhov haujlwm Python 2 nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, thiab rau lawv txoj kev hloov mus rau Ubuntu 20.04 tej zaum yuav mob.

Koj tuaj yeem nruab qhov tseeb version ntawm Python 2 nrog ib qho lus txib:

# apt install python2.7

Ntxiv rau Python 3.8, cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem txaus siab rau cov txheej txheem tshiab uas suav nrog:

• MySQL 8
• tsi 2.31,
• OpenJDK 11
• PAB 7.4
• Peb 5.30
• Rub tawm 1.14.

Nyob zoo 32 ntsis

Tau ntau xyoo tam sim no, Ubuntu tsis tau muab cov duab ISO rau 32-ntsis computers. Tam sim no, cov neeg siv uas twb muaj lawm ntawm 32-ntsis versions ntawm Ubuntu tuaj yeem hloov kho rau Ubuntu 18.04, tab sis lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho rau Ubuntu 20.04 ntxiv lawm. Ntawd yog, yog tias koj tam sim no siv 32-ntsis Ubuntu 18.04, koj tuaj yeem nyob nrog nws mus txog lub Plaub Hlis 2023.

Yuav hloov kho li cas

Kev hloov kho tshiab rau Ubuntu 20.04 los ntawm cov qauv dhau los yog qhov yooj yim li shelling pears - tsuas yog khiav cov lus txib hauv qab no:

# sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
# sudo do-release-upgrade

Peb zoo siab tshaj tawm tias Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) twb muaj los ua duab rau cov tshuab virtual hauv peb. Huab platform. Tsim koj tus kheej virtual IT infrastructure siv cov software tshiab!

Hloov tshiab: Cov neeg siv ntawm Ubuntu 19.10 yuav tuaj yeem hloov kho mus rau 20.04 tam sim no, thiab cov neeg siv ntawm Ubuntu 18.04 yuav tuaj yeem hloov kho tom qab tso tawm 20.04.1, uas tau teem sijhawm tso tawm rau Lub Xya Hli 23, 2020.

Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com