Π Peb twb tau xav txog cov lus nug ntawm "Peb puas tuaj yeem siv RAID ntawm SSDs" siv cov piv txwv ntawm Kingston drives, tab sis peb tau ua qhov no tsuas yog nyob rau theem xoom. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav txheeb xyuas cov kev xaiv rau kev siv cov kev tshaj lij thiab cov kev daws teeb meem hauv tsev NVMe hauv cov hom nrov tshaj plaws ntawm RAID arrays thiab tham txog kev tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo nrog Kingston tsav.
Vim li cas koj thiaj xav tau RAID ntawm SSD?
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm SSD-raws li kev khaws cia arrays tshaj HDD cia arrays suav nrog txo lub sijhawm nkag mus rau tsav thiab kev nyeem ntawv / sau tau zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo tshaj plaws SSD-raws li RAID kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm processor, cache, software, thiab kho vajtse. Thaum tag nrho cov xwm txheej no ua haujlwm ua ke zoo kawg nkaus, SSD RAID array tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua qhov kev sib piv uas siv cov HDDs ib txwm muaj.
Ib qho SSD raug siv tsawg dua HDDs, yog li thaum koj muab ntau tus SSDs rau hauv RAID array, kev txuag hluav taws xob piv rau HDD RAID kuj tseem yuav ua rau cov nqi qis dua ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv tuam txhab.
Txawm li cas los xij, SSD RAID muaj cov kev txwv thiab qhov tsis zoo, suav nrog tus nqi siab dua ib gigabyte ntawm qhov chaw piv rau hard drives ntawm qhov sib piv. Thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm flash nco yog txwv rau qee tus lej ntawm kev sau rov qab. Ntawd yog, SSD drives muaj qee qhov kev pabcuam lub neej, uas nyob ntawm kev siv: qhov ntau dua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws tau sau dua tshiab, qhov nrawm dua yuav poob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev lag luam SSDs muaj lub neej zoo, piv rau cov neeg kho tshuab nyuaj.
Yuav ua li cas Kingston SSDs nyob hauv RAID hom nrog Broadcom controllers
Thaum kaj ntug ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm SSD drives, RAID tsim tau fraught nrog ntau nuances. Xws li vim yog siv cov HDD uas tsis muaj kev ua txhaum tsawg dua. Cov khoom siv hauv lub xeev muaj kev ntseeg siab ntau dua li lawv cov sib nqus disk-raws li cov khoom sib nqus. Raws li peb paub, SSD cov kev daws teeb meem tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus txav, yog li kev puas tsuaj rau cov tshuab raug txo kom xoom. Kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim yog lub zog hluav taws xob kuj tsis zoo li, vim tias nyob rau theem ntawm lub PC hauv tsev thiab txhua tus neeg rau zaub mov koj raug tiv thaiv los ntawm UPSs, surge protectors thiab txawm tias lub hwj chim mov.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, solid-state drives muaj lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb: txawm tias lub cim xeeb ntawm lub hlwb tau hnav los ntawm kev sau ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv tseem tuaj yeem nyeem los ntawm lawv, tab sis yog tias cov hlau nplaum disk puas lawm, alas.
Niaj hnub no, siv SSD cov kev daws teeb meem hauv RAID arrays ntawm qib sib txawv yog qhov kev coj ua zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xaiv qhov zoo SSDs uas nws latency tsawg heev. Nws kuj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv SSDs los ntawm tib lub chaw tsim khoom thiab tib cov qauv, kom koj tsis txhob xaus nrog lub hodgepodge ntawm cov tsav uas txhawb nqa ntau hom kev thauj khoom thiab tsim los ntawm ntau hom kev nco, tswj, thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis. Ntawd yog, yog tias peb txiav txim siab yuav plaub lossis 16 NVMe SSDs los ntawm Kingston los tsim RAID array, nws yuav zoo dua yog tias lawv tag nrho los ntawm tib lub koob thiab qauv ntau yam.
Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv Nws tsis yog vim li cas peb tau hais txog Broadcom controllers ua piv txwv thaum peb tham txog NVMe SSDs los ntawm Kingston. Qhov tseeb yog tias phau ntawv qhia rau cov khoom siv tam sim ntawd qhia cov tsav sib xws (suav nrog cov kev daws teeb meem los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom Asmeskas SSD tau hais dhau los), uas tus maub los yuav ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Koj yuav tsum tau tso siab rau cov ntaub ntawv no thaum xaiv tus maub los-SSD ua ke rau RAID.
Peb txheeb xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm Kingston SSDs hauv hom RAID nrov tshaj plaws - "1", "5", "10", "50"
Yog li, qib "zero" RAID tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv rov ua dua, tab sis tsuas yog nce kev ua haujlwm. RAID 0 tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv txhua, yog li peb yuav tsis xav txog nws nyob rau hauv cov tuam txhab ntu. RAID 1, ntawm qhov tod tes, muab tag nrho redundancy tab sis tsuas yog me ntsis kev ua tau zoo, thiab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab yog tias kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum tsim RAID array los ntawm SSD.
RAID 1 raws li Kingston SSD thiab Broadcom controllers
Yog li, thawj theem RAID array raws li Broadcom MegaRAID 9460-16i maub los ua ke los ntawm ob mus rau 32 Kingston drives, uas yog cov ntawv luam ntawm ib leeg, thiab muab tag nrho rov ua dua. Yog tias, thaum siv HDDs ib txwm muaj, qhov kev ceev ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab nyeem cov ntaub ntawv tseem nyob ntawm tib theem li HDD nws tus kheej, tom qab ntawd nrog kev siv NVMe SSD cov kev daws teeb meem peb tau txais kev ua tau zoo dua kaum npaug. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau lub sij hawm. Piv txwv li, nrog ob Kingston DC1000M U.2 NVMe SSDs hauv server RAID 1, peb tau txais 350 IOPS thaum nyeem cov ntaub ntawv random thiab 000 IOPS thaum sau ntawv.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm sequential nyeem ceev, cov txiaj ntsig yuav sib haum rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus tsav - 3200 MB / s. Tab sis txij li ob qho tib si NVMe SSDs nyob rau hauv lub xeev ua haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem nyeem los ntawm lawv ib txhij, ua rau kev nyeem ntawv ceev heev. Tab sis qhov kev sau ntawv ceev (yuav tsum yog 2000 MB / s) yuav qeeb dua vim tias txhua qhov kev sau ntawv tau ua ob zaug.
RAID 1 yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov ntaub ntawv me me lossis lwm qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau ua txhaum cai tab sis muaj peev xwm me me. Drive mirroring yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau nyob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj rov qab scenarios (nrog ib tug me ntsis kev ua tau zoo nplua) vim hais tias nws muab instant "reanimation" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog hais tias ib tug ntawm cov drives nyob rau hauv lub array ua tsis tau tejyam. Tab sis vim tias qib kev tiv thaiv no yuav tsum muaj ob npaug ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm khaws cia ntawm daim iav tsom iav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (100 TB ntawm qhov chaw cia yuav xav tau 200 TB ntawm qhov chaw), ntau lub tuam txhab lag luam siv cov kev xaiv khaws nyiaj ntau dua: RAID 5 thiab RAID 6.
RAID 5 raws li Kingston SSD thiab Broadcom controllers
Txhawm rau npaj qib 32 RAID array, peb xav tau yam tsawg kawg peb lub drives, cov ntaub ntawv uas yog interleaved (cyclically sau rau tag nrho cov drives nyob rau hauv lub array), tab sis tsis duplicated. Thaum npaj lawv, ib tug yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lawv cov qauv complex, txij li no lub tswvyim ntawm "checksum" (los yog "parity") tshwm. Lub tswv yim no txhais tau hais tias muaj nuj nqi ntawm algebraic XOR (tseem tsuas yog "OR"), uas txiav txim siab siv yam tsawg kawg peb tsav hauv cov array (ntau tshaj XNUMX). Hauv qhov no, cov ntaub ntawv sib luag tau sau rau txhua qhov "disks" hauv array.
Rau ib qho array ntawm plaub Kingston DC500R SATA SSD tsav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 3,84 TB txhua, peb tau txais 11,52 TB ntawm qhov chaw thiab 3,84 rau checksums. Thiab yog tias peb muab 16 Kingston DC1000M U.2 NVMe tsav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 7,68 TB rau hauv RAID qib 115,2, peb yuav tau txais 7,68 TB nrog qhov poob ntawm 5 TB. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov ntau tsav, qhov zoo dua thaum kawg. Nws kuj tseem zoo dua vim tias qhov ntau tsav hauv RAID 0, qhov siab dua qhov kev ua tau zoo tag nrho rau kev sau ntawv. Thiab linear nyeem yuav ncav cuag RAID XNUMX qib.
Ib pawg RAID 5 disk muab kev nkag siab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntaub ntawv loj) thiab rov ua dua nrog tsawg zog poob. Hom array lub koom haum no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tes hauj lwm uas ua ntau yam me me input/output (I/O) ua hauj lwm ib txhij. Tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nws rau cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau sau ntau cov haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv me lossis me me.
Muaj ib qho nuance ntxiv: yog tias tsawg kawg ib qho ntawm NVMe tsav tsis ua haujlwm, RAID 5 mus rau hauv hom degradation thiab qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lwm lub cuab yeej cia tuaj yeem ua qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua cov ntaub ntawv. Yog hais tias ib tug tsav nyob rau hauv lub array ua tsis tau tejyam, RAID maub los siv parity ntaub ntawv los recreate tag nrho cov uas ploj lawm cov ntaub ntawv.
RAID 10 raws li Kingston SSD thiab Broadcom controllers
Yog li, RAID 0 muab peb lub sijhawm nce ob zaug hauv kev nrawm thiab nkag mus, thiab RAID 1 muab kev ntseeg tau. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lawv yuav ua ke, thiab qhov no yog qhov twg RAID 10 (lossis 1+0) tuaj rau kev cawm. "Kaum" yog sib sau ua ke los ntawm plaub SATA SSD los yog NVMe drives (ntau tshaj 32) thiab hais txog ib qho array ntawm "daim iav", tus naj npawb ntawm drives uas yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau ntawm plaub. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov array no yog sau los ntawm kev muab faib rau hauv cov blocks ruaj khov (raws li cov ntaub ntawv nrog RAID 0) thiab striping ntawm drives, faib cov ntawv luam ntawm cov "drives" hauv RAID 1 array. , RAID 10 qhia tau hais tias kev ua haujlwm siab.
Vim tias RAID 10 muaj peev xwm faib cov ntaub ntawv hla ntau lub iav tsom iav, qhov no txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho kev tsav tsheb hauv khub. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias ob daim iav khub (uas yog, tag nrho plaub lub drives) ua tsis tiav, cov ntaub ntawv poob yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, peb kuj tau txais kev ua txhaum cai thiab kev ntseeg tau zoo. Tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias, zoo li RAID 1, qib kaum array siv tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov peev txheej, thiab yog li ntawd yog qhov kev daws teeb meem kim. Thiab kuj nyuaj rau kev teeb tsa.
RAID 10 yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv nrog cov khw muag khoom cov ntaub ntawv uas xav tau 100 feem pua ββββ redundancy ntawm mirrored disk pawg, nrog rau kev txhim kho I/O kev ua tau zoo ntawm RAID 0. Nws yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab lossis ib puag ncig uas yuav tsum tau ua txhaum ntau dua. tshaj RAID 5.
RAID 50 raws li Kingston SSD thiab Broadcom controllers
Ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo ib yam li qib kaum RAID, uas yog qib xoom array tsim los ntawm qib tsib arrays. Raws li yav dhau los, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov array no yog ua kom tiav ob npaug ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo thaum tswj cov ntaub ntawv kev ntseeg siab hauv RAID 5 arrays. Txawm li cas los xij, RAID 50 muab kev sau ntawv ntau ntxiv thiab kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua li tus qauv RAID 5 thaum muaj teeb meem disk, thiab tseem muaj peev xwm rov qab tau sai dua thaum tsis ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho ntawm cov tsav tsheb.
Ib pawg RAID 50 disk tawg cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv cov blocks me, thiab tom qab ntawd faib nws mus rau hauv txhua qhov RAID 5 array. Ib pawg RAID 5 disk, dhau los, kuj tawg cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hauv cov blocks me, suav cov parity, ua qhov laj thawj lossis ua haujlwm ntawm cov blocks. , thiab tom qab ntawd Ua cov ntaub ntawv thaiv sau thiab kev ua haujlwm sib luag ntawm txhua qhov disk hauv pawg disk.
Thaum kev ua tau zoo yuav raug kev txom nyem yog tias ib qho ntawm cov tsav tsis ua haujlwm, qhov no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb xws li nrog RAID 5 array, vim tias ib qho tsis ua haujlwm tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau ib qho ntawm cov arrays, tawm hauv lwm qhov kev ua haujlwm tag nrho. Qhov tseeb, RAID 50 tuaj yeem tiv taus txog yim HDD / SSD / NVMe tsav tsis ua haujlwm yog tias txhua qhov ua tsis tiav "tsav" yog nyob rau hauv ib qho RAID 5 array.
RAID 50 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ntseeg siab thiab yuav tsum tau ua ntau qhov kev thov thaum tswj cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv siab thiab cov nqi tsav qis dua li RAID 10. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li RAID 50 array yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog rau lub tsav los teeb tsa, tus nqi. yog tsis tag txiav tawm raws li qhov tseem ceeb. Ib qho ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm RAID 50 yog tias, zoo li RAID 5, nws yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas nyuaj: xws li nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm dhau los los ntawm Broadcom.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias RAID 50 muaj qhov chaw siv tau tsawg dua li RAID 5 vim qhov kev faib tawm ntawm lub peev xwm kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv sib luag. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem muaj qhov chaw siv tau ntau dua li lwm qib RAID, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas siv mirroring. Nrog rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yuav tsum muaj rau lub drives, RAID 50 tuaj yeem yog qhov kev xaiv kim, tab sis qhov chaw disk ntxiv yog tsim nyog tus nqi los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv koom nrog. Hom array no raug pom zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev cia siab rau kev cia siab, cov lus nug siab, kev hloov pauv siab, thiab muaj peev xwm khaws cia loj.
RAID 6 thiab RAID 60: peb tseem tsis tau hnov ββqab txog lawv ib yam
Txij li thaum peb twb tau tham txog arrays ntawm qib tsib thiab tsib caug, nws yuav yog ib qho kev txaj muag uas tsis tau hais txog cov koom haum array xws li RAID 6 thiab RAID 60.
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm RAID 6 zoo ib yam li RAID 5, tab sis ntawm no tsawg kawg yog ob lub tsav yuav raug tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo, uas tso cai rau cov array kom muaj sia nyob ntawm ob lub tsav yam tsis tau poob cov ntaub ntawv (hauv RAID 5 qhov xwm txheej no yog qhov tsis xav tau). Qhov no ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab dua. Txwv tsis pub, txhua yam zoo ib yam li hauv qib XNUMX array: yog tias ib lossis ob lub disks ua tsis tiav, RAID maub los siv parity blocks los tsim tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ploj lawm. Yog tias ob lub tsav tsis ua haujlwm, kev rov qab tsis tshwm sim ib txhij: thawj tsav rov qab ua ntej, ces qhov thib ob. Yog li, ob txoj haujlwm rov qab tau ua tiav.
Nws tsis yooj yim los twv tias yog RAID 50 yog qib xoom array ntawm qib tsib arrays, ces RAID 60 yog qib xoom array ntawm qib rau arrays uas peb nyuam qhuav tham txog. Ntawd yog, xws li lub koom haum ntawm RAID cia tso cai rau koj kom muaj sia nyob ntawm kev poob ntawm ob SSDs hauv txhua pab pawg ntawm RAID 6 drives. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li peb tau tham txog hauv nqe lus hais txog RAID 50, tab sis tus naj npawb ntawm kev ua tsis tiav. ib theem rau caum array tuaj yeem tiv taus nce ntawm 8 mus rau 16 tsav. Feem ntau, xws li arrays yog siv rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv online, uas yuav tsum muaj kev zam txim siab.
Cia peb xaus:
Thaum mirroring muab kev ua txhaum ntau dua li RAID 50/60, nws kuj xav tau ntau qhov chaw. Txij li tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ob npaug, koj tsuas yog tau txais 50% ntawm tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm cov tsav tau nruab rau hauv lub server rau kev sau thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm RAID 50/60 thiab RAID 10 yuav zoo li nyob ntawm koj cov peev nyiaj muaj, muaj peev xwm server, thiab koj cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi tuaj rau qhov ua ntej thaum peb tham txog SSD cov kev daws teeb meem (ob leeg koom tes thiab cov neeg siv khoom hauv chav kawm).
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tam sim no peb paub tseeb tias SSD-raws li RAID yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb tag nrho thiab kev coj ua zoo rau kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Rau kev siv hauv tsev, kuj tseem muaj laj thawj hloov mus rau NVMe, yog tias pob nyiaj tso cai. Thiab yog tias koj tseem muaj lus nug txog vim li cas txhua qhov no xav tau, rov qab mus rau qhov pib ntawm tsab xov xwm - peb twb tau teb nws kom meej.
Kab lus no tau npaj nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm peb cov npoj yaig los ntawm Broadcom, uas muab lawv cov tswj hwm rau Kingston engineers rau kev sim nrog kev lag luam-chav SATA / SAS / NVMe drives. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus phooj ywg no, cov neeg siv khoom tsis tas yuav ua xyem xyav txog kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Kingston tsav nrog tsim HBA thiab RAID controllers .
Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog Kingston cov khoom tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntawm tuam txhab.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com