Cov neeg rau zaub mov pheej yig ua los ntawm Suav cov khoom seem. Part 1, hlau
Tus miv qhov muag plooj tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev cai server. Hauv keeb kwm yav dhau yog tus nas ntawm lub server
Hlo Habr!
Hauv txhua tus neeg lub neej, qee zaum yuav tsum tau hloov kho lub computer. Qee lub sij hawm nws tab tom yuav lub xov tooj tshiab los hloov qhov tawg lossis nrhiav lub tshiab Android lossis lub koob yees duab. Qee zaum - hloov daim npav video kom qhov kev ua si tuaj yeem khiav ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Qee zaum - txhim kho SSD hauv lub khoos phis tawj uas koj tau nruab Windows 2, tab sis nws tsis nyiam nyob ntawm Core2.5Duo thiab 32 gigabytes ntawm qhov chaw nco, thiab nws tas li dumps cov nplooj ntawv tsis siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv, rhuav tshem cov kev sib pauv tsis zoo. nrog XNUMX-gig disk.
Kuv zaj dab neeg yog kev hloov kho ntawm lub server uas tau sib sau ua ke thaum kuv thawj xyoo ntawm lub koom haum. Kuv cov kev xav tau tau loj hlob dhau rau xyoo dhau los, thiab nws, tau kawg, tau txais kev nce hauv RAM thiab qhov chaw disk. Qhov teeb meem yog tias nrog kev paub tshiab tshiab ambitions tau txais - lub siab xav siv qhov kev paub no hauv kev xyaum - thiab nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv nrog lawv.
Ua ntej yuav muaj qee cov lus qhia tho txawv, thiab tom qab ntawd yuav muaj cov duab.
Tsuas yog kom paub meej tias dab tsi server muaj tam sim no:
CPU: 4 kwj, 3.4 GHz
RAM: DDR3 8 GiB
SSD: 250 GB
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg rau zaub mov no yuav tsis hais txog; cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb no tsuas yog kom muaj qee yam los piv nrog thiab nws yog qhov tseeb tias vim li cas kuv thiaj li txiav txim siab kov yeej kuv txoj kev tub nkeeg thiab siv sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag.
Kuv tseem tsis tau paub meej tias qhov twg yuav ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov tshiab, tab sis qee qhov kev xav paub daws teeb meem coj kuv mus ua haujlwm hauv qab no:
- Hosting ob peb qhov chaw zoo li qub. Tam sim no nginx tab tom ua qhov no, tab sis tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws configs. Lawv kuj yuav tsum tau kho, tab sis ntxiv rau qhov ntawd nyob rau hauv thib ob.
- Hosting tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo li qub. Piv txwv li, cov duab los ntawm kab lus no. Lawv kuj mus dhau nginx, tab sis lawv tau thauj khoom los ntawm WinSCP, uas tsis yooj yim. Peb yuav tsum khawb ib yam dab tsi zoo li myOwnCloud kom peb tau yooj yim thiab ib txwm upload duab rau lub server.
- Tsim server rau tsiaj tej yaam num. Tam sim no nws yog Jenkins.
- Ntau yam sawv cev rau cov haujlwm no: kev txhim kho, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab lwm yam. Nws tseem tsis tau tuaj txog qhov muag tsis tau, tab sis tsuas muaj ib qho sawv ntsug, txawm tias nyob hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj.
- Qee qhov kev ua si servers, yog tias koj cov phooj ywg xav ua ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum muaj lub server: Starbound, Minecraft, Squad (txawm tias lawv xav tau tsawg kawg yog plaub caug tus neeg). Yog, tsawg kawg yog CS 1.6.
- Cov tshuab virtual rau cov phooj ywg, yog tias lawv dheev ceev ceev yuav tsum tau tuav qee qhov chaw. Los yog rau koj tus kheej, kom muaj hom VDI. Muaj ib yam dab tsi los thauj nws nrog, yog tias tsuas muaj kho vajtse.
Cov phiaj xwm nyob deb ntawm nom tswv:
- Torrent downloader: txhawb nqa tsis tshua muaj kev faib tawm ntawm lub hauv paus tracker. Muaj tseeb, peb yuav tsum paub seb yuav ua li cas thiaj li rub tau lawv, khaws cia rau qhov twg, seb tus neeg muab khoom puas yuav tawm tsam qhov kev faib tawm tsis tu ncua thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, txawm tias cov txiv neej hauv cov khaub ncaws yuav nyiam terabytes ntawm lub hom phiaj xa tawm suab paj nruag nrog cov phau ntawv.
- Tawm taw tes los ntawm qee qhov TOR: zoo, tab sis tsis yog. Vim tib yam.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj peev xwm faib ib feem ntawm lub peev xwm mus rau ib qho analogue ntawm tam sim no kaw SETI@Home. Tej zaum ib tug neeg paub txog qhov no tuaj yeem qhia kuv qhov twg los tso cua sov?
Kev xaiv lub platform
Yog lawm. Peb tau txheeb xyuas qhov kev txhawb siab: Kuv xav tau kho vajtse, tab sis nws tsis meej vim li cas. Koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb hom kho vajtse koj xav tau dab tsi.
Cov cuab yeej siv pheej yig tau hais tsis tu ncua ntawm Habre: yog nws qhov kev faib tawm ntawm servers los ntawm txiv neej txiv kab ntxwv lossis hais txog siv pob ntseg flash accelerators. Cov cuab yeej tshaj lij yog kim. Rau ib tug tsim tawm nyob rau hauv Moscow nws yog tolerable, tab sis kim.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov cuab yeej tshaj lij yog kim vim tias cov tuam txhab lag luam muaj nyiaj ntau, kev txhawb nqa thiab kev lees paub zoo dua li cov khoom siv. Tsis yog ib txwm, tab sis qhov kev cia siab yog kom meej meej hloov mus rau qhov zoo dua.
Yog li, lub hom phiaj yog sib sau ua ke cov neeg rau zaub mov los ntawm kev siv (nyeem: pheej yig) cov khoom seem thiab tawm hauv chav rau kev hloov kho me me hauv tsib xyoos tom ntej. Cov khoom seem no pheej yig dua li cov tshiab, thiab lawv tseem yuav muaj peev xwm txaus rau kev siv hauv tsev. (Kuv tsim lub hom phiaj no tom qab kuv sib sau ua ke server. Txhua yam yog nyob rau hauv cov kev cai zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sau ntawv thesis)
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov cuab yeej yuav tsum muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws "parrot / ruble" piv, qhov twg lub peev xwm me ntsis ntawm parrot nyob ntawm hom khoom siv: RAM - ntim (tsis ceev, tsis muaj), disk - ntim ( thiab ceev), processor - qhov no yog qhov nyuaj. Cia cov no yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws parrots.
Nws yog advisable hais tias tus neeg rau zaub mov siv zog rau noiselessness. Kuv tsis cog lus tias txawv txawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev cai kav cua sov thiab kiv cua txias, tab sis cov neeg rau zaub mov yog destined mus sawv nyob rau hauv lub chav pw aka ib tug tej thaj chaw deb chaw ua hauj lwm aka kuv chav, yog li kuv xav kom nws tsis txhob qw nyob rau hauv idle hom zoo li lub dav hlau dav hlau. ntawm takeoff.
Lub ntsiab lus pib yog pheej yig Suav xeons, uas kuv tau kawm txog thaum ub, tej zaum kuj yog los ntawm Habr. Hauv ib qho ntawm cov xov xwm dhau los, lub ember ntawm "Intel vs. AMD" holivar poob. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob sib piv, tej zaum tus tshiab Ryzens yeej zoo dua li Intel processors - Kuv tsis tau ua raws li lawv tau tsib xyoos, lossis ntau dua.
Yog li, qhov kev sib piv muaj ob tog nrog kwv yees li qhov taw qhia ntawm parrots raws li : , , , , thiab tam sim no . Tau kawg, kuv muab piv rau lwm cov processors, piv txwv li, tus tshiab Core i7, tshiab Ryzen 7 thiab Ryzen 7 2600, tab sis qhov kev txaus siab tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb ntawm ntu no: lawv yog kwv yees li tib yam ntawm kev ua lub zog. Thaum kawg, qhov no tsis yog kev sim daws qhov holivar, tab sis xaiv cov processor uas haum rau kuv. E5-2696v2 thiab i3-2130 tsuas yog nthuav tawm rau kev sib piv nrog lwm cov processors siv thiab cov neeg rau zaub mov tam sim no.
AM4
LGA2011
7x ib
7 2700
e5-2689 ib
2 x e5-2689
e5-2690 ib
2 x e5-2690
2 x e5-2696v2
i3-2100
Qib, parrots
17898
16021
10036
17945
10207
18967
23518
1839
Nqe, rubles
15200
12500
5000
10000
5500
11000
18000
1000
Thermal zog, W
105
65
115
230
135
270
260
65
Cores, pcs.
16
16
16
32
16
32
24
4
Zaus, GHz
3,7
3,2
2,6
2,6
2,9
2,9
2,5
3,1
Parrots / rubles
1,18
1,28
2,01
1,79
1,86
1,72
1,31
1,84
Parrots/W
170,46
246,48
87,27
78,02
75,61
70,25
90,45
28,29
β
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau saib ntawm lub rooj, cia peb saib cov duab ntawm cov parrots kiag li:
Kuv xav txog kev tshem tawm daim duab no, tab sis tom qab ntawd kuv yuav tsum tau saib lub rooj nrog kuv ob lub qhov muag, thiab tsis yog txhua tus nyiam ua qhov no. Yog li no yog daim ntawv qhia. Nyob rau sab laug yog ib tug scale ntawm txawm nws yog, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no abstract synthetic parrots. Cov npe hauv qab no yog cov processors. Sab laug yog ib khub Ryzens, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog ib khub ntawm ib leeg thiab ob Xeons. Tsis meej pem, yog, tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb. Ntawm sab xis yog ob tiam Xeons thiab cov processor ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov tam sim no.
Tau paub koj tus kheej nrog qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej txheem, nws tsim nyog saib daim duab ntawm tus nqi ntawm ib tug parrot:
Nws qhia tau hais tias qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws yog coj ib qho Xeon ntawm thawj tiam. Ob chav xeons yog me ntsis phem dua ib leeg: tus nqi tau nce ob npaug, thiab qhov ua tau zoo tau nce los ntawm 1.7 npaug, uas yog, qhov sib piv tau txo. Tab sis tiam thib ob Xeon tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntxiv lawm: tus nqi ntawm ib tus parrot twb nce mus txog Ryzen.
Thiab Ryzens yog damn zog npaum ib parrot:
Kuv yuav tsum lees paub, lub sijhawm ntawd kuv tau zoo siab rau kev vam meej ntawm tib neeg thiab AMD. Qhov no tsis yog txoj hauv kev loj hlob ntxiv lawm, nws yog kev sim nyem qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ib daim ntawm silicon. E5-2690 tau tawm hauv 2012, thiab Ryzen 7 2700 hauv 2018. Ib qho kev nce peb zaug hauv kev siv hluav taws xob hauv rau xyoo tsis yog hnub nyoog rau kev siv tshuab. Huag, thiab Core i3-2100 yog qhov chaw pom tsis pom nyob hauv lub ces kaum. Cia peb tsis txhob tham txog nws.
Cov zis nruab nrab: Ryzens tab tom rhuav tshem qhov kev ua tau zoo / kev siv hluav taws xob sib piv. Los yog nws yog ib txoj kev sib txawv ntawm kev ntsuas TDP ntawm AMD thiab Intel. Thiab thawj tiam siv pob ntseg xeon yog qhov zoo siab ntawm kev ua tau zoo / tus nqi piv.
Yog li ntawd, kuv yuav coj xeons. Koj tseem tsis tau hnov ββββqab lub hom phiaj kuv tau teeb tsa thaum pib ntawm ntu no, koj puas tau?
Lwm yam hlau
Qhov tseeb, kev xaiv ntawm AMD vs Intel yog txwv tsis yog los ntawm processor siv xwb. Zen + processors siv DDR4 nco (), thiab Sandy Choj yog DDR3 (). DDR4-2933 yog theoretically 1.87 lub sij hawm sai dua DDR3-1600, yog tias kuv to taub dab tsi txog nws. Tsis yog, Kuv nco qab los ntawm lub koom haum chav kawm li cas DDR ua haujlwm, nrog rau tag nrho cov Β¬CS, RAS, CAS thiab lwm yam. Thiab Burst Mode. Kuv tsuas yog tsis xav mus tob rau hauv qhov no, vim tias kuv nco qab nws tsis meej pem, thiab DDR3 twb tau xaiv los ntawm tus txheej txheem, tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus txhawj xeeb txog nws.
Dhau li tus nqi tib yam li ...
*Nws tsis yog 1866, tab sis 1778. Kuv tsis muaj lub tswv yim tias vim li cas cov neeg suav tsis txaus ntseeg tsis tuaj yeem ua tus tswv 1866, tab sis tsis mus rau tus qauv 1600 MHz ...
Kev txwv ntawm lub qhov (socket) thiab hom nco kuj cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv ntawm motherboard: rau tib 7k rubles koj tuaj yeem tau txais nrog lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm 256 gigabytes ntawm RAM, thiab muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 4 qhov rau RAM, uas yog, txwv rau 64 gigabytes.
Xaiv ib tug ob-socket motherboard entails tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau rau lub hwj chim mov: nws yuav tsum muaj ob yim-pin hu rau lub hwj chim processor. Tej zaum daim npav video yuav ua haujlwm, tab sis cov pins txawv me ntsis hauv cov duab, kuv txiav txim siab tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab tsis nyeem cov ntaub ntawv, vim tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj qhov tsim nyog. .
Lub qhov (sockets) ntawm lub motherboard no kuj tsis zoo: qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yog me ntsis tsawg dua 10 centimeters, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau nruab ob lub coolers nyob rau hauv parallel. Thaum xub thawj, kuv xav nruab cov cua txias kom cov cua nkag los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv, tab sis ntxiv rau qhov hauv qab no.
Rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, kuv thawj zaug xav coj SSD uas twb muaj nyob hauv cov neeg rau zaub mov qub rau lub kaw lus, tab sis kuv txiav txim siab coj 2TB Crucial P1 nrog M1 txuas. Lub motherboard muaj rau SATA connectors, thiab kuv npaj yuav txuas rau rau WD Red 2TB hard drives rau lawv, tab sis thaum kuv xav tsis thoob tias nws puas tsim nyog siv lwm 12k rubles rau lawv, lawv twb tau yuav lawm. Yog li teeb tsa ZFS raid tsis suav nrog hauv ntu thib ob ntawm tsab xov xwm. Tab sis tom qab ntawd, zaj dab neeg rov qab mus rau SSD. Koj tuaj yeem nyeem qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntau dua ntawm nws . Nws ua kom yuam kev yog tias nws pheej yig. Ua tib zoo saib daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv no rau koj tus kheej:
Koj tuaj yeem sau 75 gigabytes rau nws ib zaug, thiab tom qab ntawd nws ua phem dua li lub hard drive. Ua tsaug rau qhov tsawg kawg tsis pib kiv. Auj, thiab nws tseem tuaj yeem sau dua 200 zaug xwb. Nws txawm ua los ntawm dab tsi?!
Qhov tseeb, qhov no tsis txaus ntshai rau hom uas kuv npaj yuav siv nws: feem ntau nyeem cov ntaub ntawv thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tseem ceeb rau kev sau ntawv ceev. Zoo, kuv xav cia siab li ntawd.
Qhov 200x rov sau cov peev txheej sib raug rau kwv yees li 109 gigabytes ib hnub rau tsib xyoos. 109 gigabytes ib hnub tsis zoo ib yam li 75 gigabytes ib zaug. Thiab txhua yam zoo nrog kev nyeem ntawv. Tsis yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm M2 drives, tab sis ua raws li qib sau nws qhia hauv cache.
Sib dhos
Yog hais tias ua ntej no muaj feem ntau pseudo-txheej txheem ntawv interspersed nrog graphs, tam sim no yuav muaj cov duab, diluted nrog artistic narration.
Mam li nco dheev hnub Tuesday thaum sawv ntxov lub Lavxias teb sab Post courier hu thiab hais tias nws yuav tuaj txog hnub no nrog ib lub pob. Kuv feem ntau khaws cov khoom ntawm kuv tus kheej, tab sis thaum lub sijhawm cais tawm lawv tau txiav txim siab kom nruj rau lub chaw xa khoom, pom meej.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm parcel
Cov neeg txawj ntse suav tau ntim txhua yam hauv ib pob, txawm hais tias kuv tau xaj plaub qhov kev txiav txim sib txawv ntawm Aliexpress, kom tsis txhob raug rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm ob puas euros.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub thawv
Lub motherboard los nrog ib daim ntawv qhia tag nrho! Koj yuav tsum twv txog tus neeg hais lus cov cim koj tus kheej. Lub vev xaib hais tias cov txiv kab ntxwv RAM slots yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lawv. Cov lus qhia me ntsis tsawg dua li tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Kuv txuas lub hwj chim khawm rau nws. Los ntawm txoj kev, tib daim ntawv sau rau ntawm lub thawv yog MOTHERBOARD. Nws tsis tsim nyog nws tus kheej daim duab, tab sis nws yeej tsim nyog tau txais ib qho lus hais.
Peb tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab nqus nws. Qhov tseeb, nws tsis tsim nyog tau txais nws, nws tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis raug tsim txom. Tab sis nws zoo li aesthetically pleasing. Saib...
Hull, upside down saib
Nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj fairy slides. (Thiab kuv tab tom npaj 3.5" tsav. Kuv yuav tsum tau tshem tawm lub rooj tsavxwm)
Qhov chaw rau disks
Kuj tseem muaj cov kiv cua hloov tau nrawm ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej. Tej zaum lawv tsis nrov.
Lawv raug tswj los ntawm ib yam dab tsi ntau dua li cov motherboard ncaj qha
Tshem lub hau npog sab saum toj thiab saib dab tsi nyob hauv. Yog tias koj unscrew ob peb screws, koj tuaj yeem txav qhov chaw disk thiab ua chaw rau kev tswj hwm. Thiab lub motherboard yog E-ATX hom, nws siv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv server.
Native zog mov
Kuv tsis tuaj yeem rub tawm lub zog hluav taws xob nkaus xwb; Kuv yuav tsum tau tshem tag nrho cov ntsia hlau tom qab thiab yuav luag txhua qhov teeb meem. Nws muab tawm tias nws tau tuav ntawm ob lub hau thiab ib daim kab xev. Nws txhais tau tias, tab sis tam sim no kuv tuaj yeem siv cov tswv yim zoo li no rau kuv tus kheej.
Ntawm no nws yog nyob rau sab laug, lub ill-fated dub kab txaij!
Kuv twb nkees ntawm kev xaiv cov duab zoo tshaj plaws, tshem tawm cov uas tsis xav tau rau zaj dab neeg, cropping cov duab thiab upload lawv mus rau qhov chaw. Lub caij no, hnub tom qab los, thiab ntawm kuv lub rooj tsuas muaj cov khoom suav suav xwb. Koj yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj tso koj daim ntawv xaj thiab maj mus rau lub khw ntawm lwm sab ntawm Moscow.
Ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub khw
Qhov chaw muag khoom raug kaw, tsuas yog kev xaj tuaj tos qhib. Nws yog qhov zoo tias huab cua tshav ntuj, kuv tsis paub tias nws yuav zoo li cas hauv nag. Kev txiav txim yuav tsum raug hu los ntawm kev sib tham video, nws yog qhov kev khuv xim tias qhov no tsis tau piav qhia ntau. Nws yuav zoo rau luam tsawg kawg qee cov lus qhia uas tsis yog "kho kom deb ntawm 2 meters." Kev tos tsis ntev tshaj kaum feeb, zoo heev. Wb rov qab mus.
Ob lub coolers, ib lub hwj chim mov thiab ib tug me me SSD
β
Txij li cov cua txias uas haum rau qhov ntev ntawm rooj plaub yog kim thiab nrov, peb yuav tsum xaiv qhov kev xaiv loj. Qhov no cawm kuv ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntawm kev xaiv lub hwj huam mov: hom ntawv ATX ntsiag to, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm lub hau, lossis ib chav tsev ib leeg, tab sis nrov nrov thiab ob txhiab rubles kim dua. Peb pib sim ntawm kev yuav khoom. Thawj lub tswv yim ntawm ob lub tshuab ua kom txias yog nqa cua los ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis lub peev xwm zawv zawg rau disks tau hloov kho thiab cov kiv cua yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau qhov sib txuas ua ke. Nws yuav nthuav kom pom qhov ntsuas kub ntawm ib qho siv lead ua ob peb degrees siab dua ntawm lwm qhov.
Tseem tsis muaj thermal paste
So lub hauv paus ntawm lub txias thiab lub processor nrog cawv. Haus. Tab sis nws tau ua txuj rau ob peb xyoos tam sim no; nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob siv nws qhov ncauj. Siv thermal muab tshuaj txhuam tusyees nrog ib yam dab tsi tiaj tus. Qhov tseeb, kuv muaj kev nkag siab me ntsis ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev thov thermal muab tshuaj txhuam, tab sis cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kuv txoj haujlwm yeej ib txwm coj cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Thaj, nws nyuaj rau ntsia ntawm no, txawm tias Moment kua nplaum tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo, txiav txim siab los ntawm cov dab neeg. Kuv feem ntau siv ib daim npav yas uas tsis tsim nyog, tab sis kuv tsis muaj ntawm tes. Nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw yog ib tug newfangled legless plaub stump. Tsis txhob txhawj, tom qab cov txheej txheem kuv so nrog cawv thiab muab tso rau hauv lub txee.
Ib yam dab tsi txawv txawv thiab cuam tshuam
Daim ntawv thov tsis zoo tagnrho, thiab kuv tsis tau nias lub txias kom tiav: koj tuaj yeem pom qhov hloov chaw ntawm qhov chaw "hlawv" txheeb ze rau qhov chaw.
Zeroing
β
Peb ntxiv ib txheej ntxiv ntawm thermal interface nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas nws yog kom meej meej tsis muaj thiab nyob rau hauv me ntsis txawv qhov chaw.
Yog, txaus siab
Cia peb pib txhim kho lub motherboard. Muaj tseeb ib yam dab tsi ntawm ib tug txawv hom ntawv nyob rau hauv lub server, thiab cov ... uh ... fittings nyob rau hauv uas cov screws yog screwed nyob rau hauv kom ruaj ntseg lub motherboard tsis nyob rau hauv qhov chaw rau lub E-ATX board. Hmoov tsis zoo, daim hlau uas cov fittings yog screwed tau ploj peb lub qhov opposite cov ntawm lub motherboard. Hmoov zoo, cov fittings lawv tus kheej kuj tau ploj peb daim.
Vim li no, lub motherboard sags nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas 24-pin connector thiab PCI-E connectors txuas. Ntawm ib sab, nws yog textolite. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov no yog Suav textolite, koj yeej tsis paub yuav ua li cas los ntawm nws. Tab sis koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo nias rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, txawm tias nws yog PCB tau lees paub los ntawm cov qauv tub rog. Tsis yog, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no koj yuav tsum tau nias kom zoo zoo dua - nws kuj tau ua nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, tab sis ib daim ntawv pov thawj thiab kev lees paub tau nce tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej ob peb lub kaum os.
Ntau lub qhov thiab txhua yam tsis nyob ntawd
Nco ntsoov lub hwj huam mov ntawm daim kab xev? Keeb kwm yog cyclical, ntawm no yog qhov rov ua dua:
Thiab yog, kuv tsis nyiam nws
Kev sib dhos ua tiav, peb txav lub computer mus rau kuv tus tij laug chav, tshem tawm cov keyboard thiab saib xyuas los ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov nyob thiab sim qhib nws. Thawj zaug kuv tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv BIOS. Txij li thaum xeons feem ntau tsis muaj cov duab sib txuas ua ke, thiab BIOS yuav tsum tau tso tawm ntawm qhov screen, peb nruab qee yam ntawm daim npav video yooj yim. Vaj tswv, nws nrov npaum li cas!
Qhov thib ob kuv tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv BIOS ib yam nkaus. Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov neeg ua txhaum cai, peb los rau kev daws teeb meem: los ntawm kev sib pauv RAM strips thiab tshem tawm SSD, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau BIOS. Peb ntxig SSD rau hauv qhov chaw thiab tig rau lub computer dua - BIOS loads thiab disk raug kuaj pom. Thaj, ib yam dab tsi tau pib dua vim yog lub roj teeb CR2032 ploj lawm.
Los ntawm txoj kev, koj puas pom tias lub hard drive unit protrudes rau pem hauv ntej ntau tshaj qhov yuav tsum tau? Nws rests tiv thaiv lub txias. Qhov no tsis yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov khoos phis tawj ntawm cov qauv classic, koj tuaj yeem ua li cas?
Qhov chaw rau kev teeb tsa thawj zaug
Ib qho kev cuam tshuam me me txog lub suab nrov: nrog daim npav video, lub suab nrov yog nyob rau theem ntawm 27-30 decibels, thiab tom qab txhim kho lub operating system, lub suab nrov ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov poob rau qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm 8-14 decibels. Nws yog qhov nyuaj los ntsuas qhov tseeb dua, txij li lub suab nrov tom qab kuj tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw no: kev tsim kho subway ntawm txoj kev, dov pob los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze saum toj, stomping ntawm miv, thiab lwm yam. Cov neeg rau zaub mov yuav nyob hauv lub txee Ikea yam tsis muaj qhov rooj, yog li no cov suab nrov yuav tsim nyog. β
Nyiaj Tswb
Technically, tshooj no tsis cuam tshuam txog kev xaiv thiab kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse, tab sis kev txhim kho lub operating system tsis suav nrog tshooj cais. Ntau qhov peev txheej tau piav qhia txog kev teeb tsa ntawm txhua yam ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv, thiab qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm no yog qhov tshwm sim zoo ib yam. Kuv tsis xav tsim ib qho kev qhia ntxiv, thiab tej zaum qhov tsis raug ntawm qhov ntawd.
Txawm li cas los xij, kuv yuav piav qhia txog cov rake uas kuv tau nqis los thaum lub sijhawm OS installation txheej txheem.
Kuv tsis tau nruab Windows Server vim tsis muaj daim ntawv tso cai, thiab kuv tau siv ntau dua los cuam tshuam nrog Linux servers. Cov neeg rau zaub mov qub tab tom khiav Ubuntu, tab sis ob peb qhov siv me me VPS tab tom khiav CentOS thiab tom haujlwm RHEL. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav ua tib zoo saib ntawm CentOS 8.
Wb mus , rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv .torrent - thiab hauv ob peb kaum feeb peb rub tawm ib daim duab xya-gigabyte.
Peb ntxig lub flash drive, nrhiav nws thiab luam cov duab rau nws.
frog@server:~$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 1 14,6G 0 disk
ββsdb4 8:20 1 14,6G 0 part /media/localadmin/ANACONDA
sda 8:0 0 223,6G 0 disk
ββsda2 8:2 0 24G 0 part [SWAP]
ββsda3 8:3 0 128G 0 part /
ββsda1 8:1 0 243M 0 part /boot/efi
frog@server:~$ dd if=/home/frog/CentOS-8.1.1911-x86_64-dvd1.iso of=/dev/sdb
dd: failed to open '/dev/sdb': Permission denied
frog@server:~$ sudo !!
sudo dd if=/home/frog/CentOS-8.1.1911-x86_64-dvd1.iso of=/dev/sdbThiab peb tawm mus haus tshuaj yej. Ib teev tom qab ntawd peb ntseeg siab tias txhua yam tau muab luam tawm ntev dhau los - tab sis cov lus qhia tawm tsis tau tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd nws tseem raug theej. Okay, lub davhlau ya nyob twg tshiab, peb nug dd, tshuav pes tsawg.
PID TTY TIME CMD
1075 tty5 00:00:00 bash
1105 tty5 00:00:00 sudo
1106 tty5 00:00:00 su
1112 tty5 00:00:00 bash
1825 pts/18 00:00:00 sudo
1826 pts/18 00:01:08 dd
2846 pts/0 1-23:03:42 java
5956 pts/19 00:00:00 bash
6070 pts/19 00:42:15 java
6652 pts/20 00:00:00 ps
7477 tty4 00:00:00 bash
7494 tty4 00:00:00 sudo
7495 tty4 00:00:00 su
7497 tty4 00:00:00 bash
frog@server:~$ kill -USR1 1826
-bash: kill: (1826) - Operation not permitted
frog@server:~$ sudo !!
sudo kill -USR1 1826Teb nyob rau hauv lub qub davhlau ya nyob twg:
9025993+0 records in
9025993+0 records out
4621308416 bytes (4,6 GB, 4,3 GiB) copied, 13428,4 s, 344 kB/sThiab tom qab lwm ob peb kaum feeb:
14755840+0 records in
14755840+0 records out
7554990080 bytes (7,6 GB, 7,0 GiB) copied, 14971,5 s, 505 kB/sNws yog dab tsi? Puas tau luam nws byte byte? Kev pab cuam flash drive tsis zoo. Los yog tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kaw. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov tsim nyog man dd thiab siv cov ntawv luam loj, thiab lwm yam uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib zaug thaum luam 64 GB HDD ntawm 5400 rpm. Tab sis txawm tias nws tau theej ntawm qhov nrawm dua li ib feem peb ntawm USB 1.0.
Thiab tom qab ntawd tus qauv xaiv ntawm flash drive li khau raj ntaus ntawv, Tom ntej, Tom ntej, Tom ntej, Tiav. Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev faib disk lossis Ethernet nqis. Qhov feem ntau OS installation hauv 2020.
xaus
Thawj ntu ntawm zaj dab neeg no yog hais txog kev teeb tsa lub server tshiab. Kuv yuav tso nws tag nrho ib zaug, tab sis kuv muaj ob cov lus tsis tiav hauv kuv cov ntawv sau, uas, nws zoo li kuv, yog qhov nthuav ntau dua li "tseem muaj lwm tus neeg rau zaub mov tsim," thiab ntu thib ob txog kev teeb tsa software hem rau tsis tau tiav sai sai.
Tus nqi tag nrho yog 57973 rubles. Ntawm no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv, txawm li cas los xij, cov kev txuas mus rau Aliexpress qhia cov khoom sib txawv me ntsis.
RAM - 4 pcs
19078 rubles
processor - 2 pcs
10300 rubles
Kev Hais Lus - 1 pcs
9422 phom
Hwj chim unit - 1 pcs
4852 phom
Cia txias - 2 pcs
3722 phom
SSD
10599 rubles
Cas Noname
free
Tus nqi kwv yees ntawm cov tswv cuab yog 3.89 rubles / kWh * 0.8 kW * 24 teev * 31 hnub = 2315 rubles / hli. Tab sis qhov no yog tias nws threshes nyuaj npaum li nws ua tau yam tsis muaj kev tso tseg rau ib hlis, uas kuv tsis ntseeg ntau vim tias tsis muaj cov haujlwm zoo li no thiab kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov hlau. Rau kev sib piv, ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog hais txog 25k rubles / hli.
Kuv xav tias qhov no yog ib tug zoo nkauj server rau cov nyiaj.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com