Tsis ntev los no, xws li kev tshaj tawm tau nyab xeeb hauv Internet. Txawm hais tias cov nyiaj hli qab ntxiag, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem pab tab sis txaj muag tias kev ntseeg cuav yog sau rau hauv. Thaum xub thawj nws xav tias "DevOps" thiab "engineer" tuaj yeem ua ke ua ke ua ib lo lus, thiab tom qab ntawd muaj cov npe random ntawm cov cai, qee qhov tau theej kom meej los ntawm sysadmin qhov tsis muaj.
Hauv tsab ntawv no kuv xav tham me ntsis txog qhov peb tau mus txog lub neej no, DevOps tiag tiag yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas nrog nws tam sim no.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo li no tuaj yeem raug rau txim rau txhua txoj hauv kev, tab sis qhov tseeb tseem nyob: muaj ntau ntawm lawv, thiab qhov no yog li cas lub khw ua haujlwm tam sim no. Peb tau tuav lub rooj sib tham devops thiab tshaj tawm tias: " - tsis yog rau DevOps engineers. " Qhov no yuav zoo li coj txawv txawv thiab qus rau ntau tus: yog vim li cas cov neeg ua lag luam tag nrho tawm tsam kev ua lag luam. Tam sim no peb yuav piav qhia txhua yam.
Hais txog kab lis kev cai thiab cov txheej txheem
Cia peb pib nrog qhov tseeb tias DevOps tsis yog kev qhuab qhia engineering. Nws tag nrho pib nrog qhov tseeb tias keeb kwm tsim kev faib cov luag haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm rau cov khoom zoo. Thaum cov programmers tsuas yog qhov kev pab cuam, tab sis tsis xav hnov dab tsi txog kev sim, software yog littered nrog kab. Thaum admins tsis quav ntsej li cas lossis vim li cas cov software sau, kev txhawb nqa tig mus rau hauv ntuj txiag teb tsaus.
Piv txwv li, piav qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm qhov system thiab SRE txoj hauv kev rau kev tswj xyuas kev pabcuam . Cov kev tshawb fawb txaus siab tau ua nyob rau hauv - Nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov neeg tsim khoom zoo tshaj plaws tau tswj hwm kom xa cov kev hloov pauv tshiab rau kev tsim khoom sai dua li ib teev. Lawv sim nrog lawv txhais tes tsis pub ntau tshaj 10% (qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm ). Lawv ua li no li cas? "Excel lossis tuag" hais tias ib qho ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm. Rau kev sib tham ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov txheeb cais no hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sim, koj tuaj yeem xa mus rau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Baruch Sadogursky ntawm peb lwm lub rooj sib tham, Heisenbug.
“Thaum tsis muaj kev pom zoo ntawm cov phooj ywg,
Tej yam yuav tsis zoo rau lawv,
Thiab tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tawm ntawm nws, tsuas yog kev tsim txom.
Ib zaug ib zaug, Swan, Crayfish thiab Pike ..."
Ib feem ntawm lub vev xaib programmers koj xav tias tiag tiag nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej hauv qab uas lawv cov ntawv thov raug siv hauv kev tsim khoom? Muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm lawv yuav mus rau tus thawj tswj hwm thiab sim xyuas seb yuav ua li cas yog tias cov ntaub ntawv poob? Thiab leej twg ntawm lawv yuav mus rau cov neeg xeem thiab hais kom lawv qhia lawv yuav ua li cas sau cov ntawv xeem kom raug? Thiab tseem muaj cov neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg, cov neeg saib xyuas cov khoom, thiab ib pawg ntawm lwm tus neeg.
Lub tswv yim tag nrho ntawm DevOps yog los tsim kev sib koom tes ntawm cov luag haujlwm thiab cov haujlwm. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov no yog tiav tsis yog los ntawm ib co cleverly configured software, tab sis los ntawm kev xyaum ntawm kev sib txuas lus. DevOps yog hais txog kab lis kev cai, kev coj ua, txheej txheem thiab txheej txheem. Tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb engineering uas tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug no.
Vauv vajvoog
Qhov kev qhuab qhia ntawm "devops engineering" los ntawm qhov twg? Peb muaj ib tug version! Cov tswv yim DevOps tau zoo-zoo heev uas lawv tau los ua cov neeg raug tsim txom ntawm lawv tus kheej txoj kev vam meej. Qee tus neeg nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm zoo nkauj thiab cov neeg ua lag luam, uas muaj lawv tus kheej qhov chaw, pib swirl ncig tag nrho cov ncauj lus no.
Xav txog: nag hmo koj tau ua shawarma hauv Khimki, thiab hnub no koj twb yog ib tug txiv neej loj, ib tug neeg ua haujlwm laus. Muaj tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab xaiv cov neeg sib tw, txhua yam tsis yooj yim, koj yuav tsum nkag siab. Cia peb hais tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam tsev hais tias: nrhiav tus kws tshaj lij hauv X. Peb muab lo lus "engineer" rau X, thiab peb ua tiav. Xav tau Linux? Zoo, qhov no yog qhov tseeb Linux engineer, yog tias koj xav tau DevOps, ces yog DevOps engineer. Qhov chaw seem tsis yog tsuas yog lub npe xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qee cov ntawv yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws yog nkag mus rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Google, nyob ntawm koj qhov kev xav. DevOps muaj ob lo lus - "Dev" thiab "Ops", uas txhais tau hais tias peb yuav tsum tau ua ke ua ke cov ntsiab lus uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov thawj coj, tag nrho rau hauv ib pawg. Qhov no yog li cas cov neeg tsis txaus siab tshwm sim txog kev ua tau zoo hauv 42 hom lus programming thiab 20 xyoo ntawm kev siv Kubernetes thiab Swarm ib txhij. Daim duab ua haujlwm.
Qhov no yog li cas cov duab tsis muaj qab hau thiab tsis muaj kev hlub tshua ntawm qee tus "devops" superhero tau tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub siab, uas yuav teeb tsa txhua tus kom xa mus rau Jenkins, thiab kev zoo siab yuav los. Auj, yog tias tsuas yog txhua yam yooj yim heev. "Thiab qhov no kuj yog qhov koj tuaj yeem tua cov thawj tswj hwm," xav tias HR, "nws yog ib lo lus zam, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog tib yam, lawv yuav tsum tau noj cov khoom noj."
Kev thov tsim cov khoom siv, thiab tag nrho cov thoob khib nyiab no tau ua tiav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg uas pom tau tias: koj tuaj yeem ua txhua yam zoo ib yam li yav dhau los, tab sis tau txais ob peb zaug ntxiv los ntawm kev hu koj tus kheej "devops." Ib yam li koj tau teeb tsa cov servers ntawm SSH manually ib zaug ib zaug, koj yuav txuas ntxiv teeb tsa lawv, tab sis tam sim no qhov no yog qhov kev coj ua devops. Qhov no yog qee yam tshwm sim nyuaj, ib feem cuam tshuam nrog kev kwv yees tsis zoo ntawm cov thawj tswj hwm classic thiab hype nyob ib puag ncig DevOps, tab sis feem ntau, dab tsi tshwm sim, tshwm sim.
Yog li peb muaj cov khoom siv thiab kev thov. Lub voj voog vicious uas pub nws tus kheej. Nov yog qhov peb tawm tsam (xws li los ntawm kev tsim lub rooj sib tham DevOops).
Tau kawg, ntxiv rau cov thawj tswj hwm uas tau hloov npe lawv tus kheej "devops," muaj lwm tus neeg koom - piv txwv li, cov kws tshaj lij SREs lossis Infrastructure-as-Code developers.
Dab tsi tib neeg ua hauv DevOps (tiag tiag)
Yog li koj xav ua ntej hauv kev kawm thiab siv DevOps kev coj ua. Tab sis yuav ua li cas ua qhov no, nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia saib? Obviously, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob blindly cia siab rau cov ntsiab lus nrov.
Yog tias muaj haujlwm, ib tus neeg yuav tsum ua. Peb twb pom tias cov no tsis yog "devops engineers", ces yog leej twg? Nws zoo nkaus li muaj tseeb rau kev tsim qhov no tsis yog ntawm txoj haujlwm, tab sis hais txog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
Ua ntej, koj tuaj yeem hais txog lub plawv ntawm DevOps - cov txheej txheem thiab kab lis kev cai. Kab lis kev cai yog kev lag luam qeeb thiab nyuaj, thiab txawm hais tias nws yog ib txwm ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov thawj coj, txhua tus neeg koom nrog ib txoj hauv kev los yog lwm qhov, los ntawm cov programmer mus rau cov thawj coj. Ob peb lub hlis dhau los Tim Lister :
“Kev coj noj coj ua yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub koom haum. Feem ntau tib neeg tsis pom qhov no, tab sis tau ua haujlwm hauv kev sab laj tau ntau xyoo, peb tau siv los pom nws. Koj nkag mus rau ib lub tuam txhab thiab cia li nyob rau hauv ob peb feeb koj pib xav tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Peb hu qhov no "flavor". Qee lub sij hawm tus ntxhiab no zoo heev. Qee zaum nws ua rau xeev siab. (...) Koj tsis tuaj yeem hloov kab lis kev cai kom txog rau thaum cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev ntseeg tom qab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tau nkag siab. Kev coj cwj pwm yog qhov yooj yim rau kev soj ntsuam, tab sis kev tshawb nrhiav kev ntseeg yog qhov nyuaj. DevOps tsuas yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm yuav ua li cas txhua yam tau dhau los ua ntau thiab nyuaj. "
Tseem muaj ib feem ntawm qhov teeb meem, tau kawg. Yog tias koj tus lej tshiab tau sim hauv ib hlis, tab sis tsuas yog tso tawm ib xyoos tom qab, thiab nws lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua kom nws tag nrho, koj yuav tsis ua raws li cov kev coj ua zoo. Cov kev coj ua zoo tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo. Piv txwv li, nrog lub tswv yim ntawm Infrastructure-as-Code hauv siab, koj tuaj yeem siv txhua yam los ntawm AWS CloudFormation thiab Terraform mus rau Chef-Ansible-Puppet. Koj yuav tsum paub thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau tag nrho cov no, thiab qhov no yog ib qho kev qhuab qhia zoo heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig: ua ntej koj ua haujlwm raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm SRE thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd siv cov ntsiab lus no hauv daim ntawv ntawm qee qhov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, SRE yog ib qho kev qhia dav dav uas tsis qhia koj yuav ua li cas teeb tsa Jenkins, tab sis txog tsib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus:
- Txhim kho kev sib txuas lus ntawm lub luag hauj lwm thiab departments
- Txais qhov yuam kev ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm
- Kev hloov maj mam
- Siv cov cuab yeej thiab lwm yam automation
- Ntsuas txhua yam uas ntsuas tau
Qhov no tsis yog qee cov lus qhia, tab sis ib qho tshwj xeeb . Piv txwv li, ntawm txoj kev lees txais qhov yuam kev, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog qhov txaus ntshai, ntsuas qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj kev pabcuam siv qee yam xws li SLI () thiab SLO (), kawm sau ntawv postmortems thiab ua kom lawv tsis ntshai.
Hauv SRE kev qhuab qhia, kev siv cov cuab yeej tsuas yog ib feem ntawm kev ua tiav, txawm tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Peb yuav tsum tau txhim kho technically tas li, saib seb muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb thiab nws tuaj yeem siv tau li cas hauv peb txoj haujlwm.
Nyob rau hauv lem, Cloud Native daws tau tam sim no nrov heev. Raws li tau hais los ntawm Cloud Native Computing Foundation niaj hnub no, Cloud Native technologies pab cov koom haum los tsim thiab khiav cov ntawv siv tau yooj yim hauv cov chaw muaj zog niaj hnub no, xws li pej xeem, ntiag tug, thiab huab cua hybrid. Piv txwv suav nrog cov thawv ntim khoom, cov kev pabcuam meshes, microservices, cov khoom siv tsis hloov pauv tau, thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm APIs. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau cov txheej txheem xoob xoob kom nyob twj ywm elastic, tswj tau, thiab pom tau zoo heev. Zoo automation tso cai rau cov engineers ua qhov kev hloov pauv loj heev thiab nrog cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo yam tsis tau ua nws txoj haujlwm. Tag nrho cov no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm pawg ntawm cov cuab yeej paub zoo xws li Docker thiab Kubernetes.
Qhov no theej nyuaj thiab dav txhais yog vim lub fact tias lub cheeb tsam kuj complex. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tau sib cav tias cov kev hloov pauv tshiab rau qhov system no yuav tsum tau ntxiv yooj yim heev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas yuav ua li cas los tsim ib hom ntim ib puag ncig uas cov kev pabcuam xoob xoob ua ke nyob ntawm software-txhais kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab xa mus rau qhov ntawd siv CI / CD txuas ntxiv, thiab tsim DevOps cov kev coj ua nyob ib puag ncig txhua qhov no - tag nrho qhov no yuav tsum muaj ntau dua. tshaj ib tug noj dev.
Yuav ua li cas nrog tag nrho cov no
Txhua tus neeg daws cov teeb meem no ntawm lawv tus kheej: piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem tshaj tawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ib txwm ua kom tawg lub voj voog tsis zoo. Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov lus zoo li DevOps thiab Cloud Native txhais tau li cas thiab siv lawv kom raug thiab rau qhov tseeb. Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho hauv DevOps thiab ua kom pom txoj hauv kev zoo los ntawm koj tus qauv.
Peb tab tom ua lub rooj sib tham , uas muab lub sijhawm rau delve tob rau hauv tej yam uas peb nyuam qhuav tham txog. Muaj ntau pawg ntawm cov ntawv ceeb toom rau qhov no:
- Cov txheej txheem thiab kab lis kev cai;
- Site Reliability Engineering;
- Huab Native;
Yuav xaiv qhov twg mus? Muaj ib qho kev hloov maj mam ntawm no. Ntawm ib sab, DevOps yog hais txog kev sib cuam tshuam, thiab peb xav kom koj tuaj koom kev nthuav qhia los ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias koj yog tus thawj tswj hwm kev txhim kho uas tuaj rau hauv lub rooj sab laj kom mloog zoo rau ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb, ces tsis muaj leej twg txwv koj - pom tseeb, qhov no yuav yog qhov thaiv ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab kab lis kev cai. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias koj yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg tom qab lub rooj sib tham (tom qab ua tiav daim foos tawm tswv yim), yog li koj tuaj yeem saib cov kev nthuav qhia tseem ceeb tsawg dua tom qab.
Obviously, ntawm lub rooj sib tham nws tus kheej koj tsis tuaj yeem mus rau peb txoj hauv kev ib zaug, yog li peb npaj cov kev pab cuam hauv txoj kev uas txhua lub sijhawm muaj cov ntsiab lus rau txhua tus saj.
Txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog kom nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas yog tias koj yog DevOps engineer! Ua ntej, sim txiav txim siab seb koj ua dab tsi tiag tiag. Feem ntau lawv nyiam hu lo lus no:
- Developers uas ua hauj lwm rau infrastructure. Cov pab pawg ntawm cov lus ceeb toom txog SRE thiab Huab Native yog qhov tsim nyog rau koj.
- Cov tswj hwm qhov system. Nws yog qhov nyuaj dua ntawm no. DevOops tsis yog hais txog kev tswj hwm qhov system. Hmoov zoo, muaj ntau lub rooj sib tham zoo heev, phau ntawv, kab lus, yeeb yaj kiab hauv Is Taws Nem, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tswj hwm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias koj txaus siab los tsim koj tus kheej los ntawm kev nkag siab txog kab lis kev cai thiab cov txheej txheem, kawm txog huab technologies thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej nrog Huab Native, ces peb xav pom koj! Xav txog qhov no: koj tab tom ua haujlwm, thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav ua li cas? Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob pom koj tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum kawm tam sim no.
Muaj lwm txoj kev xaiv: koj pheej pheej hais ntxiv tias koj yog tshwj xeeb yog DevOps engineer thiab tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv, txawm li cas los xij. Tom qab ntawd peb yuav tsum poob siab rau koj, DevOops tsis yog lub rooj sib tham rau DevOps engineers!
Xaub los ntawm hauv Munich
DevOops 2020 Moscow yuav muaj rau lub Plaub Hlis 29-30 hauv Moscow, daim pib twb muaj lawm .
Xwb, koj tuaj yeem mus txog rau lub Ob Hlis 8. Thov nco ntsoov tias thaum sau daim foos, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov neeg tuaj saib lub hom phiaj uas yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm (muaj ib qho surprise faus rau hauv daim ntawv).
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com