Ntxiv WDS Versatility

Nyob zoo tav su, nyob zoo cov neeg nyob hauv Habra!

Lub hom phiaj ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog los sau cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm qhov ua tau rau kev siv ntau lub tshuab ntawm WDS (Windows Deployment Services)
Kab lus no yuav muab cov lus qhia luv luv rau kev xa Windows 7 x64, Windows XP x86, Ubuntu x64 thiab ntxiv cov cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev khau raj network xws li Memtest thiab Gparted.
Zaj dab neeg yuav hais nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub tswv yim uas los rau kuv lub siab. Thiab txhua yam pib nrog Microsoft ...

Thiab tam sim no zaj dab neeg nws tus kheej:
Tsis ntev tas los no, kuv tau los nrog lub tswv yim zoo ntawm kev xa cov tshuab ntawm kev ua haujlwm siv WDS. Yog tias ib tug neeg ua haujlwm rau peb, nws zoo. Thiab yog hais tias nyob rau tib lub sij hawm peb kawm ib yam dab tsi tshiab, nws yog ob npaug qab ntxiag. Kuv yuav tsis nyob hauv cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev txhim kho WDS lub luag haujlwm - Microsoft boils txhua yam mus rau Tom ntej-Tom ntej-Tom ntej thiab muaj cov roob ntawm cov lus ntawm cov ncauj lus no. Thiab kuv yuav qhia koj luv luv txog kev ua haujlwm nrog Windows dluab, tsom rau lub sijhawm ntawd uas ua rau kuv nyuaj siab. Tsis yog-Microsoft systems yuav piav qhia ntau ntxiv (rau qhov tsab xov xwm tau pib).
Cia peb pib.
Cov neeg rau zaub mov uas yuav ua raws li cov duab khaws cia thiab tus neeg saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm muaj Windows Server 2008 R2 ntawm lub nkoj. Rau qhov kev pabcuam no ua haujlwm kom raug, yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm xws li DHCP thiab DNS. Zoo, AD yog rau kev nkag mus rau hauv tshuab rau hauv lub npe. (Tag nrho cov luag haujlwm no tsis tas yuav khaws cia rau hauv ib lub tshuab; lawv tuaj yeem kis tau thoob plaws tag nrho cov qauv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias lawv ua haujlwm kom raug)

1. Kev teeb tsa WDS

Peb ntxiv cov luag haujlwm tsim nyog thiab sai sai mus rau hauv WDS console, pib peb lub server thiab saib cov hauv qab no:

• Nruab Cov Duab - cov duab installation. Customized, zoo nkauj tshuab uas peb yuav yob tawm. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ntau pawg los ntawm hom kab ke: Windows 7, XP lossis los ntawm hom haujlwm - IT Dept, Client Dept, Servers
• Cov duab khau raj - loading duab. Dab tsi yog loaded rau lub tshuab ua ntej thiab tso cai rau koj ua txhua yam kev ua nrog nws. Thawj daim duab uas mus muaj yog ib qho uas nyob rau ntawm lub installation disk (rau Windows 7 qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv folders thiab cov ntaub ntawv install.wim lossis boot.wim.
  Tab sis tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua txhua yam nthuav tawm ntawm lawv:
  • Khaws daim duab los yog kaw duab - peb lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb tso cai rau koj ua ib daim qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem teeb tsa, uas tau ua dhau los ntawm sysprep thiab yog peb tus qauv.
  • Duab Discovery - tso cai rau koj upload cov duab ntawm cov txheej txheem teeb tsa rau cov khoos phis tawj uas tsis txhawb nqa lub network.

• Pending Devices - cov khoom siv tos tus thawj coj pom zoo rau kev teeb tsa. Peb xav paub leej twg muab peb cov ntxim nyiam rau lawv lub computer.
• Multicast Transmissions - multicast xa ntawv. Siv rau nruab ib daim duab rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom.
• Cov neeg tsav tsheb - tsav tsheb. Lawv pab ntxiv cov tsav tsheb tsim nyog rau cov duab ntawm lub server thiab zam cov hom kev ua yuam kev no:
  
  Tom qab ntxiv cov tsav tsheb rau WDS server, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov duab khau raj uas xav tau.

Yog, thiab ib qho ntxiv - koj yuav tsum ua koj tus kheej bootloaders thiab installers rau txhua qhov system me ntsis qhov tob. Ntau yam ntawm lub vaj tsiaj tuaj ntawm tus nqi.
Qhov tseeb, peb WDS twb tau npaj lawm. Peb tuaj yeem khau raj dhau lub network los ntawm lub tshuab thiab pom lub qhov rais xaiv nrog peb cov duab khau raj.
Kuv yuav tsis piav qhia txog txhua theem ntawm kev npaj cov duab zoo tagnrho, tab sis kuv tsuas yog cia li tso qhov txuas rau kab lus kuv siv kuv tus kheej: Tyts rau Windows 7 (Rau qee qhov laj thawj kuv muaj ib qho qub version ntawm WAIK ntsia - 6.1.7100.0, nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov lus teb rau Windows 7 SP1 hauv nws. Kuv xav tau qhov tseeb tam sim no - 6.1.7600.16385)
Thiab yog li ntawd tseem cov lus qhia rau kev npaj Windows XP rau WDS. Peb yuav tsis sau kom meej ib qho - qhov nthuav tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv thib ob!

2. Universal bootloader

Nws yog qhov zoo uas peb tam sim no muaj qhov system zoo li no. Kev siv nws yog qhov txaus siab. Tab sis puas muaj txoj hauv kev los ua kom koj lub neej yooj yim dua?
Kuv xav nruab Linux los ntawm nws!
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, raws li ntau tus ntawm koj nco qab, txhim kho Windows thiab Ubuntu nyob rau hauv tib lub sijhawm tsis zoo rau Windows bootloader. Nws tau hloov los ntawm GRUB universal.
Nws zoo ib yam ntawm no. Peb xav tau universal bootloader, ua tau raws li qhov no PXELINUX
1) Download tau qhov tseeb version (thaum lub sij hawm sau ntawv no yog 5.01
Peb txaus siab rau cov ntaub ntawv no:
corepxelinux.0
com32menuvesamenu.c32 (koj tuaj yeem nqa menu.c32 rau cov ntawv nyeem thaum thauj khoom)
com32chainchain.c32
Tag nrho cov phau ntawv qhia siv lub bootloader no hais tias txhua yam ua haujlwm nrog peb. Kuv yuav tsum tau ntxiv ldlinux.c32, libcom.c32 thiab libutil_com.c32. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no - luam cov lus pom zoo thiab khiav nws. Cov ntaub ntawv twg yuav raug yws txog - luam nws mus rau hauv daim ntawv tais ceev tseg.
Peb kuj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv memdisk los rub tawm iso. Peb kuj muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv no
2) Muab tso rau hauv daim nplaub tshev uas koj khaws tag nrho WDS cov duab. Namely ntawm no - RemoteInstallBootx64 (peb tsuas yog nruab 64, rau 86 tso tib cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim nplaub tshev ntawd ib yam nkaus.)
3) Rename pxelinux.0 rau pxelinux.com
4) Wb tsim nplaub tshev pxelinux.cfg rau cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa, cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej (twb nyob hauv daim nplaub tshev no, tau kawg) yog lub neej ntawd (tsis muaj kev txuas ntxiv!) nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

DEFAULT vesamenu.c32
TSEEM CEEB 0
NOESCAPE 0
TXOJ CAI 0
# Sijhawm nyob rau hauv units ntawm 1/10 s
LUB SIJ HAWM 300
MENU MARGIN 10
MENU ROWS 16
MENU TABMSGROW 21
MENU TIMEOUTROW 26
MENU Xim Ciam Teb 30; 44 #20ffffff #00000000 tsis muaj
MENU COLOR SCROLLBAR 30;44 #20ffffff #00000000 tsis muaj
MENU COLOR TITLE 0 #ffffffff #00000000 tsis muaj
MENU COLOR SEL 30;47 #40000000 #20ffffff
MENU BACKGROUND pxelinux.cfg/picture.jpg #daim duab 640 × 480 rau keeb kwm yav dhau
MENU TITLE Xaiv koj txoj hmoo!

LABEL wd
MENU LABEL Windows Deployment Services (7, XP, Boot images)
KERNEL pxeboot.0

LABEL hauv zos
MENU DEFAULT
MENU LABEL Boot los ntawm Harddisk
LOCALBOOT 0
npe 0x80

5) Ua ib daim qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pxeboot.n12 thiab hu rau nws pxeboot.0
6) Tom qab no, peb yuav tsum qhia peb WDS kom khau raj los ntawm universal bootloader. Hauv 2008 qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm GUI, hauv 2008 R2 - los ntawm kab hais kom ua. Qhib thiab nkag mus:

• wdsutil /set-server /bootprogram:bootx64pxelinux.com /architecture:x64
• wdsutil /set-server /N12bootprogram:bootx64pxelinux.com /architecture:x64

Hais kom ua kab tso zis:

Qhov ntawd yog nws, peb khau raj thiab pom qhov screen xav tau:

Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim config, koj tuaj yeem kho nws raws li koj xav tau (lub tuam txhab logo, khau raj xaj, thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no, nws tsuas tuaj yeem hloov kev tswj rau WDS thiab khau raj ntawm lub hard drive dua. Cia peb qhia nws rau khau raj Ubuntu!

3. Qhia ib tug eaglet ya

Peb xav tau dab tsi nyob ntawd? Ubuntu, Gparted? Wb ntxiv memtest rau kev txiav txim.
Cia peb pib nrog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws:
memtest
Cia peb tsim ib lub nplaub tshev cais rau Linux cov ntaub ntawv hauv Boot / x64 WDS folder, piv txwv li Distr. Thiab subfolders hauv nws rau peb cov kab ke:

Daus yog mtmtest thiab ntxiv cov kab hauv qab no rau peb download config (default file):

npe MemTest
daim ntawv qhia zaub mov MemTest86+
Kernel memdisk iso raw
initrd Linux/mt420.iso

Nrog rau qhov no peb yuav thauj peb cov duab me me rau hauv lub cim xeeb thiab tso tawm los ntawm qhov ntawd. Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov no tsis ua haujlwm rau kuv nrog cov duab loj.

Gapted
Daus qhov tseeb version, unpack cov duab iso thiab nqa peb cov ntaub ntawv - /live/vmlinuz, /live/initrd.img thiab /live/filesystem.squashfs
Cov ntaub ntawv no yog dab tsi? (Tej zaum kuv yuav yuam kev hauv cov lus, Kuv ua siab zoo thov cov neeg nyeem kom kho kuv yog tias kuv tsis raug)

• vmlinuz (feem ntau pom vmlinux) - compressed kernel ntaub ntawv
• initrd.img - duab ntawm lub hauv paus ntaub ntawv system (yam tsawg kawg yuav tsum tau rau booting)
• filesystem.squashfs - cov ntaub ntawv lawv tus kheej siv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm

Peb tso thawj ob cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim nplaub tshev rub tawm (hauv kuv rooj plaub nws yog Bootx64DistrGparted) thiab qhov thib peb ntawm IIS server (zoo hmoo nws twb tau teeb tsa rau WUSa).
Ib qho lyrical digression - Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov ua kom yuam kev ntawm kev thauj cov duab iso rau hauv memdisk nrog cov kev faib loj loj tsis ua haujlwm rau kuv. Yog tias koj dheev paub qhov zais cia ntawm kev ua tiav, qhov no yuav yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo uas yuav tso cai rau koj kom khau raj txhua qhov system los ntawm iso duab.
Ntxiv filesystem.squashfs rau IIS kom nws tuaj yeem nyeem tau hauv lub network (tsis txhob hnov ​​​​qab ntxiv MIME tag rau qhov txuas ntxiv no

Tam sim no peb ntxiv ib qho kev nkag mus rau peb pxelinux.cfg/default:

LABEL GParted Live
MENU LABEL GParted Live
KERNEL Disstr/Gparted/vmlinuz
APPEND initrd=Distr/Gparted/initrg.img boot=live config union=aufs noswap nopromt vga=788 fetch=http://192.168.10.10/Distr/Gparted/filesystem.squashfs

Cia peb kuaj - nws ua haujlwm!
Ubuntu 12.04
Kuv tau ntxiv ob txoj hauv kev xaiv tau - tsis siv neeg tag nrho (ua tsaug rau tus neeg siv malamutes rau cov tsab xov xwm thiab nyob rau hauv phau ntawv hom)
Rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau lwm qhov kev teeb tsa thiab rhuav tawm ob cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm qhov ntawd (raws li ua ntej) - initrd.gz thiab linux thiab muab tso rau hauv Distr / Ubuntu
Ntxiv cov kab rau peb pxelinux.cfg/default
rau tag nrho phau ntawv installation

LABEL Ubuntu
KERNEL Distr/Ubuntu/linux
APPEND qhov tseem ceeb = qis vga = li qub initrd = Distr/Ubuntu/initrd.gz

Tab sis rau kev teeb tsa tsis siv neeg koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov lus teb (koj tuaj yeem nyeem S, SѓS,) thiab peb yuav muab tso rau hauv peb lub vev xaib server. Kuv cov kab bootloader zoo li no:

LABEL Ubuntu Auto Install
KERNEL Distr/Ubuntu/linux
APPEND initrd=Distr/Ubuntu/initrd.gz ksdevice=eth0 locale=ru_RU.UTF-8 console-setup/layoutcode=ru url=http://192.168.10.10/Distr/Ubuntu/preseed.txt

Pab tau rau yav tom ntej
Thaum saib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub ncauj lus thiab nrhiav cov lus teb rau kuv cov lus nug, kuv nrhiav pom tsab xov xwm zoo los ntawm Alexander_Erofeev nrog cov lus piav qhia ntawm rub tawm Kaspersky Rescue Disk hla lub network. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis tau tawm rau kuv. Tab sis cov cuab yeej siv tau tiag tiag (tsis yog, tsis yog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg siv siab heev yuav lob qee yam zoo li ntawd ... Nws muaj txiaj ntsig kom muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm tes)

xaus

Kab lus no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub peev xwm uas Microsoft WDS lub luag haujlwm muab rau koj. Thaum kuv pib tsab xov xwm no, cov phiaj xwm tau nthuav dav: HOWTO cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog txhua yam ntawm kev thauj khoom cov tshuab tau hais los saum toj no ... Tab sis thaum cov khoom pib nkag mus rau ntawm WDS nws tus kheej, cov xov ntawm cov lus piav qhia tau coj kuv mus rau qee qhov tob uas tsis muaj leej twg. yuav puas tau ntsib, tej zaum... Yog li ntawd peb txiav txim siab los qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ua tau thiab, yog tias ua tau, txuas mus rau cov khoom zoo. Yog tias cov neeg nyeem txaus siab nyeem ntawv, lossis kuv mam li xav tau koob meej thiab nyiaj txiag los txhawb Habrahabr cov nyiaj txiag nrog cov ntawv, kuv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv txhua theem ntawm kev teeb tsa ntau lub hom phiaj WDS server.
Kuv xav ua tsaug rau cov neeg sau ntawv dua Alexander_Erofeev и malamutes rau lawv cov khoom, uas yuav txaus siab rau txhua tus yam tsis muaj kev zam.
Lawm, twb twb muaj cov kab lus ntawm Habré ntawm tib lub ntsiab lus, kuv sim qhia qhov teeb meem los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev pom lossis ntxiv rau nws: Ib zaug и ob, tab sis tsis luam tawm
Ua tsaug koj rau koj mloog.
Lub koob meej rau cov neeg hlau!

Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com