Lub vev xaib niaj hnub no yuav luag tsis xav txog yam tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus tshaj tawm: yuav luag txhua tus pog muaj lub xov tooj smartphone, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo, thiab kev poob qis hauv kev saib xyuas yog kim rau cov tuam txhab. Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev npe ntawm lub tuam txhab zaj dab neeg hais txog yuav ua li cas nws tau teeb tsa kev xa cov duab siv cov kev daws teeb meem kho vajtse, cov teeb meem kev ua tau zoo uas nws tau ntsib hauv cov txheej txheem, dab tsi ua rau lawv, thiab cov teeb meem no tau daws li cas los ntawm kev siv software daws teeb meem raws li Nginx, thaum ua kom muaj kev zam txim rau txhua qib (). Peb ua tsaug rau cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm Oleg zaj dab neeg Efimova thiab Alexandra Dymova, uas qhia lawv cov kev paub ntawm lub rooj sib tham .
- Cia peb pib nrog me ntsis kev taw qhia txog yuav ua li cas peb khaws thiab cache duab. Peb muaj ib txheej uas peb khaws cia, thiab ib txheej uas peb cache cov duab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, yog tias peb xav ua kom tiav qhov kev ua kom yuam kev siab thiab txo qhov kev thauj khoom ntawm qhov chaw cia, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau peb tias txhua daim duab ntawm ib tus neeg siv yog nyob ntawm ib lub caching server. Txwv tsis pub, peb yuav tau nruab ntau zaus ntau disks vim peb muaj ntau servers. Peb qhov kev ua kom yuam kev yog nyob ib puag ncig 99%, uas yog, peb txo cov khoom thauj ntawm peb qhov chaw cia los ntawm 100 zaug, thiab txhawm rau ua qhov no, 10 xyoo dhau los, thaum tag nrho cov no tau tsim, peb muaj 50 servers. Raws li, txhawm rau ua haujlwm rau cov duab no, peb xav tau 50 qhov chaw sab nraud uas cov servers ua haujlwm.
Lawm, cov lus nug tam sim ntawd tshwm sim: yog tias ib qho ntawm peb cov servers poob qis thiab ua tsis tau, peb yuav poob li cas ntawm cov tsheb khiav? Peb tau saib dab tsi nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam thiab txiav txim siab mus yuav ib daim ntawm kho vajtse kom nws yuav daws tau tag nrho peb cov teeb meem. Qhov kev xaiv poob rau kev daws teeb meem ntawm F5-network tuam txhab (uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tsis ntev los no yuav NGINX, Inc): BIG-IP Local Traffic Manager.
Qhov khoom siv kho vajtse no (LTM) ua li cas: nws yog lub router hlau uas ua rau hlau rov ua dua ntawm nws cov chaw nres nkoj sab nraud thiab tso cai rau koj taug kev raws li lub network topology, ntawm qee qhov chaw, thiab kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau peb tias cov khoom siv kho vajtse no tuaj yeem tsim tau. Raws li, peb tuaj yeem piav qhia txog qhov laj thawj ntawm yuav ua li cas cov duab ntawm ib tus neeg siv tshwj xeeb tau txais kev pabcuam los ntawm ib lub cache tshwj xeeb. Nws zoo li cas? Muaj ib qho khoom kho vajtse uas saib hauv Is Taws Nem ntawm ib lub npe, ib tus IP, puas ssl offload, txheeb xyuas http thov, xaiv tus lej cache los ntawm IRule, mus qhov twg, thiab cia cov tsheb mus rau ntawd. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm qee lub tshuab tsis muaj, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd peb tau ua nws kom cov tsheb khiav mus rau ib lub server thaub qab. Los ntawm kev teeb tsa kev pom, tau kawg, muaj qee qhov nuances, tab sis feem ntau txhua yam yog qhov yooj yim heev: peb sau npe rau daim npav, sau ntawv ntawm qee tus lej rau peb tus IP ntawm lub network, peb hais tias peb yuav mloog ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj 80. thiab 443, peb hais tias yog hais tias tus neeg rau zaub mov tsis muaj, ces koj yuav tsum tau xa tsheb khiav mus rau lub backup ib tug, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no lub 35th, thiab peb piav qhia txog ib pawg ntawm logic ntawm yuav ua li cas no architecture yuav tsum tau disassembled. Qhov teeb meem nkaus xwb yog cov lus uas kho vajtse tau programmed yog Tcl. Yog leej twg nco txog qhov no tag nrho... hom lus no tsuas yog sau ntau tshaj li ib hom lus yooj yim rau kev sau ntawv:
Peb tau txais dab tsi? Peb tau txais ib qho khoom siv kho vajtse uas ua kom muaj kev txaus siab ntawm peb cov kev tsim kho vaj tse, ua txhua yam peb txoj kev tsheb, muab cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua haujlwm xwb. Ntxiv mus, nws ua haujlwm ntev heev: dhau 10 xyoo dhau los tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab txog nws. Thaum pib ntawm 2018, peb twb xa txog 80k duab ib ob. Qhov no yog qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm 80 gigabits ntawm kev khiav tsheb los ntawm ob peb lub chaw cov ntaub ntawv.
Txawm li cas los xijβ¦
Thaum pib ntawm 2018, peb pom ib daim duab tsis zoo ntawm cov kab kos: lub sijhawm nws coj mus xa cov duab tau nce ntxiv. Thiab nws tsis haum peb. Qhov teeb meem yog tias tus cwj pwm no tau pom tsuas yog thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws - rau peb lub tuam txhab qhov no yog hmo ntuj txij hnub Sunday txog hnub Monday. Tab sis lub sijhawm so ntawm lub system tau coj zoo li qub, tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm kev ua tsis tiav.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem yuav tsum tau daws. Peb tau txheeb xyuas qhov ua tsis taus pa thiab pib tshem tawm lawv. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ntawm chav kawm, peb nthuav tawm sab nraud uplinks, ua tiav kev soj ntsuam ntawm sab hauv uplinks, thiab pom tag nrho cov tsis muaj peev xwm. Tab sis tag nrho cov no tsis tau muab qhov pom tseeb tshwm sim, qhov teeb meem tsis ploj mus.
Lwm qhov ua tau tsis zoo yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov duab caches lawv tus kheej. Thiab peb tau txiav txim siab tias tej zaum qhov teeb meem nyob nrog lawv. Zoo, peb nthuav dav qhov kev ua tau zoo - feem ntau cov chaw nres nkoj network ntawm cov duab caches. Tab sis dua tsis pom kev txhim kho pom tseeb. Thaum kawg, peb tau mob siab rau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm LTM nws tus kheej, thiab ntawm no peb pom ib daim duab tu siab ntawm cov duab: lub load ntawm tag nrho CPUs pib mus smoothly, tab sis mam li nco dheev los txog rau lub toj siab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, LTM tsis teb cov kev kuaj mob kom txaus thiab kev sib txuas thiab pib randomly kaw, uas ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Ntawd yog, peb tau txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm qhov teeb meem, txheeb xyuas lub fwj. Nws tseem yuav txiav txim siab seb peb yuav ua li cas.
Thawj, qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws uas peb tuaj yeem ua tau yog los hloov kho LTM nws tus kheej. Tab sis muaj qee qhov nuances ntawm no, vim tias cov khoom siv no tshwj xeeb heev, koj yuav tsis mus rau lub khw muag khoom ze tshaj plaws thiab yuav nws. Qhov no yog daim ntawv cog lus cais, daim ntawv cog lus sib cais, thiab nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau heev. Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog pib xav rau koj tus kheej, tuaj nrog koj tus kheej cov kev daws teeb meem uas siv koj tus kheej cov khoom, nyiam dua siv qhov kev pab cuam qhib. Txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog txiav txim siab seb peb yuav xaiv dab tsi rau qhov no thiab lub sijhawm peb yuav siv sijhawm npaum li cas los daws qhov teeb meem no, vim tias cov neeg siv tsis tau txais cov duab txaus. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum ua txhua yam no, sai heev, ib tug yuav hais nag hmo.
Txij li thaum txoj haujlwm tau zoo li "ua ib yam dab tsi sai li sai tau thiab siv cov khoom siv uas peb muaj," thawj qhov uas peb xav tau tsuas yog tshem qee lub tshuab tsis muaj zog los ntawm sab xub ntiag, muab Nginx rau ntawd, uas peb paub yuav ua li cas. ua hauj lwm thiab sim siv tag nrho tib lub logic uas kho vajtse siv los ua. Ntawd yog, qhov tseeb, peb tau tso peb cov khoom siv kho vajtse, teeb tsa 4 lub servers ntxiv uas peb yuav tsum tau teeb tsa, tsim cov npe sab nraud rau lawv, zoo ib yam li nws tau 10 xyoo dhau los ... Peb poob me ntsis hauv qhov muaj yog tias cov tshuab no poob, tab sis tseem tsawg dua, lawv daws qhov teeb meem ntawm peb cov neeg siv hauv zos.
Raws li qhov tseeb, cov logic tseem zoo ib yam: peb nruab Nginx, nws tuaj yeem ua SSL-offload, peb tuaj yeem ua qhov kev pab cuam lub logic, kev kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv cov configs thiab tsuas yog duplicate cov logic uas peb muaj ua ntej.
Wb zaum sau configs. Thaum xub thawj nws zoo li tias txhua yam yooj yim heev, tab sis, hmoov tsis, nws nyuaj heev los nrhiav phau ntawv qhia rau txhua txoj haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, peb tsis pom zoo kom yooj yim googling "yuav ua li cas rau configure Nginx rau cov duab": nws yog qhov zoo dua rau xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, uas yuav qhia tau tias qhov chaw yuav tsum tau kov. Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm koj tus kheej. Zoo, tom qab ntawd txhua yam yog qhov yooj yim: peb piav qhia cov servers uas peb muaj, peb piav qhia cov ntawv pov thawj ... Tab sis qhov nthuav tshaj plaws yog, qhov tseeb, lub logic routing nws tus kheej.
Thaum xub thawj nws zoo li peb hais tias peb tsuas yog piav qhia peb qhov chaw, sib piv tus naj npawb ntawm peb daim duab cache hauv nws, siv peb txhais tes lossis lub tshuab hluav taws xob los piav qhia seb peb xav tau ntau npaum li cas, nyob rau hauv txhua qhov dej ntws peb qhia tus neeg rau zaub mov uas yuav tsum tau ua. mus, thiab tus neeg rau zaub mov thaub qab - yog tias lub server tseem tsis muaj:
Tab sis, tej zaum, yog tias txhua yam yooj yim heev, peb tsuas yog mus tsev thiab tsis hais dab tsi. Hmoov tsis zoo, nrog lub neej ntawd Nginx teeb tsa, uas, feem ntau, tau tsim ntau xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho thiab tsis haum rau cov ntaub ntawv no ... lub config zoo li no: yog tias qee tus neeg siv hluav taws xob muaj kev thov yuam kev lossis ncua sijhawm, Nginx ib txwm hloov tsheb mus rau lwm qhov. Ntxiv mus, tom qab thawj zaug tsis ua hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv 10 vib nas this tus neeg rau zaub mov tseem yuav raug muab tua, ob qho tib si yuam kev thiab los ntawm lub sij hawm - qhov no txawm tsis tau configured nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev. Ntawd yog, yog tias peb tshem tawm lossis rov pib dua qhov kev xaiv ncua sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia saum toj kawg nkaus, tom qab ntawd, txawm tias Nginx yuav tsis ua qhov kev thov no thiab yuav teb nrog qee qhov tsis zoo, lub server yuav raug kaw.
Txhawm rau zam qhov no, peb tau ua ob yam:
a) lawv txwv Nginx los ntawm kev ua qhov no manually - thiab hmoov tsis zoo, tib txoj hauv kev ua qhov no tsuas yog teeb tsa max tsis ua haujlwm.
b) peb nco qab tias hauv lwm txoj haujlwm peb siv lub module uas tso cai rau peb ua cov kev kuaj mob keeb kwm yav dhau - raws li, peb tau kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntau zaus kom lub sijhawm poob thaum muaj xwm txheej yuav tsawg.
Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov no tsis yog txhua yam, vim hais tias thawj ob lub lis piam ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tswv yim no tau pom tias TCP kev kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv kuj yog ib qho tsis txaus ntseeg: ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov sab saud nws yuav tsis yog Nginx, lossis Nginx hauv D-xeev, thiab hauv rooj plaub no lub kernel yuav lees txais kev sib txuas, kev kuaj mob yuav dhau mus, tab sis yuav tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, peb tam sim ntawd hloov qhov no nrog kev kuaj mob http, ua ib qho tshwj xeeb, uas, yog tias nws rov 200, ces txhua yam ua haujlwm hauv tsab ntawv no. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov laj thawj ntxiv - piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm caching servers, xyuas tias cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus raug teeb tsa kom raug:
Thiab qhov no yuav haum rau peb, tshwj tsis yog tias lub sijhawm tam sim no Circuit Court tau rov ua dua li qhov kho vajtse ua. Tab sis peb xav ua kom zoo dua. Yav dhau los, peb muaj ib tus neeg rau zaub mov thaub qab, thiab qhov no yuav tsis zoo heev, vim tias yog tias koj muaj ib puas servers, ces thaum ob peb poob ib zaug, ib tus neeg rau zaub mov thaub qab yuav tsis zoo li tiv thaiv cov load. Yog li ntawd, peb tau txiav txim siab faib cov kev tshwj tseg thoob plaws txhua lub servers: peb tsuas yog ua lwm qhov sib cais, sau tag nrho cov servers nyob ntawd nrog qee qhov tsis ua raws li cov khoom thauj uas lawv tuaj yeem pab tau, ntxiv cov kev kuaj mob tib yam uas peb muaj ua ntej:
Txij li thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem mus rau lwm qhov dej ntws hauv ib qho dej ntws, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias yog lub ntsiab dej ntws, uas peb tsuas sau qhov tseeb, tsim nyog cov duab cache, tsis muaj, peb tsuas yog mus dhau ntawm qhov yuam kev_page rau fallback, los ntawm qhov twg peb tau mus rau lub thaub qab upstream:
Thiab los ntawm kev ntxiv plaub lub servers, qhov no yog qhov peb tau txais: peb hloov ib feem ntawm cov khoom thauj - peb tshem tawm ntawm LTM rau cov servers no, siv tib lub logic nyob ntawd, siv cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab software, thiab tam sim ntawd tau txais cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov servers no. yuav scaled, vim hais tias lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim muab ntau npaum li qhov xav tau. Zoo, tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo yog tias peb tau poob siab rau cov neeg siv sab nraud. Tab sis lub sijhawm ntawd peb yuav tsum tau txi qhov no, vim tias nws yuav tsum daws qhov teeb meem tam sim ntawd. Yog li ntawd, peb tshem tawm ib feem ntawm lub load, nws yog hais txog 40% thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, LTM xav tias zoo, thiab cia ob lub lis piam tom qab qhov teeb meem pib, peb pib xa tsis 45k thov ib ob, tab sis 55k. Qhov tseeb, peb loj hlob los ntawm 20% - qhov no yog kom meej meej cov tsheb uas peb tsis tau muab rau cov neeg siv. Thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tau pib xav txog yuav ua li cas los daws qhov teeb meem uas tseem tshuav - kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau sab nraud.
Peb muaj qee qhov ncua, thaum peb tham txog dab tsi daws peb yuav siv rau qhov no. Muaj cov lus pom zoo kom ntseeg tau tias siv DNS, siv qee cov ntawv sau hauv tsev, dynamic routing raws tu qauv ... muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv, tab sis nws twb tau paub meej tias kom ntseeg tau tiag tiag xa cov duab, koj yuav tsum qhia lwm txheej uas yuav saib xyuas qhov no. . Peb hu cov tshuab yees duab directors. Lub software peb tso siab rau yog Keepalived:
Yuav pib nrog, Keepalived muaj dab tsi? Thawj qhov yog VRRP raws tu qauv, paub dav rau cov neeg siv network, nyob ntawm cov khoom siv network uas muab kev ua txhaum cai rau tus IP chaw nyob sab nraud uas cov neeg siv khoom txuas. Qhov thib ob yog IPVS, IP virtual server, rau kev sib npaug ntawm cov duab routers thiab ua kom muaj kev ua txhaum cai ntawm qib no. Thiab thib peb - ββkuaj mob.
Cia peb pib nrog thawj ntu: VRRP - nws zoo li cas? Muaj qee yam virtual IP, uas muaj qhov nkag hauv dns badoocdn.com, qhov twg cov neeg siv txuas. Nyob rau qee lub sijhawm, peb muaj qhov chaw nyob IP ntawm ib lub server. Cov pob ntawv Keepalived khiav ntawm cov servers siv VRRP raws tu qauv, thiab yog tias tus tswv ploj ntawm lub radar - tus neeg rau zaub mov tau rov pib dua lossis lwm yam, ces tus neeg rau zaub mov thaub qab cia li khaws qhov chaw nyob IP no - tsis muaj phau ntawv ua yuav tsum tau ua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm tus tswv thiab thaub qab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: qhov siab dua, qhov ntau dua lub caij nyoog uas lub tshuab yuav dhau los ua tus tswv. Qhov txiaj ntsig loj heev yog tias koj tsis tas yuav teeb tsa IP chaw nyob ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov nws tus kheej, nws txaus los piav qhia lawv hauv kev teeb tsa, thiab yog tias tus IP chaw nyob xav tau qee qhov kev cai routing, qhov no tau piav qhia ncaj qha rau hauv config. tib syntax raws li tau piav qhia hauv pob VRRP. Koj yuav tsis ntsib tej yam tsis paub.
Qhov no zoo li cas hauv kev xyaum? Yuav ua li cas yog tias ib qho ntawm cov servers ua tsis tiav? Thaum tus tswv ploj lawm, peb cov thaub qab tsis tau txais kev tshaj tawm thiab cia li dhau los ua tus tswv. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, peb kho tus tswv, rov pib dua, tsa Keepalived - kev tshaj tawm tuaj txog nrog qhov tseem ceeb dua li qhov thaub qab, thiab cov thaub qab yuav rov qab los, tshem tawm IP chaw nyob, tsis muaj phau ntawv yuav tsum tau ua.
Yog li, peb tau lees paub qhov ua txhaum cai ntawm tus IP chaw nyob sab nraud. Ib feem tom ntej yog kom sib npaug ntawm cov tsheb khiav los ntawm qhov chaw nyob IP sab nraud mus rau cov duab routers uas twb tau txiav tawm lawm. Txhua yam yog qhov tseeb heev nrog cov txheej txheem sib npaug. Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim round-robin, los yog me ntsis ntau complex yam, wrr, npe kev twb kev txuas thiab hais txog. Qhov no tau piav qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv, tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb. Tab sis txoj kev xa khoom ... Ntawm no peb yuav ua tib zoo saib vim li cas peb xaiv ib qho ntawm lawv. Cov no yog NAT, Direct Routing thiab TUN. Qhov tseeb yog tias peb tau npaj tam sim ntawd xa 100 gigabits ntawm kev khiav tsheb los ntawm cov chaw. Yog tias koj kwv yees, koj xav tau 10 gigabit phaib, txoj cai? 10 gigabit phaib hauv ib tus neeg rau zaub mov twb dhau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm, tsawg kawg, peb lub tswv yim ntawm "tus qauv khoom siv". Thiab tom qab ntawd peb nco ntsoov tias peb tsis yog muab qee qhov kev khiav tsheb, peb muab cov duab tso tseg.
Dab tsi yog tshwj xeeb? - Qhov sib txawv loj ntawm kev nkag mus thiab tawm mus. Cov tsheb thauj mus los tsawg heev, cov tsheb khiav tawm yog loj heev:
Yog tias koj saib cov duab no, koj tuaj yeem pom tias tam sim no tus thawj coj tau txais txog 200 MB ib ob, qhov no yog hnub qub heev. Peb muab rov qab 4,500 MB ib ob, peb qhov piv yog kwv yees li 1/22. Nws twb paub meej tias kom tag nrho cov tsheb khiav mus rau 22 tus neeg ua haujlwm servers, peb tsuas yog xav tau ib qho uas lees txais qhov kev sib txuas no. Qhov no yog qhov uas cov direct routing algorithm tuaj rau peb pab.
Nws zoo li cas? Peb tus thawj coj yees duab, raws li nws lub rooj, xa cov kev sib txuas rau cov duab routers. Tab sis cov duab routers xa rov qab tsheb ncaj qha mus rau Is Taws Nem, xa mus rau tus neeg siv khoom, nws tsis rov qab los ntawm tus thawj coj yees duab, yog li, nrog tsawg kawg ntawm cov tshuab, peb ua kom tiav kev ua txhaum cai thiab siv tag nrho cov tsheb khiav. Nyob rau hauv lub configs nws zoo li no: peb qhia cov algorithm, nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv nws yog ib tug yooj yim rr, muab txoj kev ncaj routing txoj kev thiab ces pib sau tag nrho cov tiag tiag servers, muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm lawv peb muaj. Uas yuav txiav txim siab no tsheb. Yog tias peb muaj ib lossis ob lub servers nyob ntawd, lossis ntau lub servers, qhov kev xav tau tshwm sim - peb tsuas yog ntxiv ntu no rau kev teeb tsa thiab tsis txhob txhawj ntau dhau. Los ntawm sab ntawm cov servers tiag tiag, los ntawm sab ntawm tus yees duab router, txoj kev no yuav tsum muaj kev teeb tsa tsawg tshaj plaws, nws tau piav qhia zoo kawg nkaus hauv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ntawd.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshwj xeeb yog tias qhov kev daws teeb meem no tsis cuam tshuam txog kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm lub network hauv zos; qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb; peb yuav tsum daws qhov no nrog cov nqi tsawg. Yog koj saib , ces peb yuav saib seb nws zoo li cas. Ntawm no peb muaj qee tus neeg rau zaub mov virtual, ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj 443, mloog, lees txais kev sib txuas, tag nrho cov servers ua haujlwm tau teev tseg, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom tias qhov kev sib txuas yog, muab lossis nqa, tib yam. Yog tias peb saib cov txheeb cais ntawm tib lub server virtual, peb muaj cov pob khoom tuaj, cov khoom sib txuas, tab sis tsis muaj qhov tawm kiag li. Kev sib txuas ncaj qha mus rau tus neeg siv khoom. Okay, peb muaj peev xwm tsis sib npaug. Tam sim no, yuav ua li cas yog tias ib qho ntawm peb cov duab routers tsis ua haujlwm? Tom qab tag nrho, hlau yog hlau. Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv ntsiav tshuaj ntshai, nws tuaj yeem tawg, lub zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hlawv tawm. Txhua yam. Qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj xav tau kev kuaj mob. Lawv tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim raws li kev txheeb xyuas seb qhov chaw nres nkoj qhib li cas, lossis qee yam nyuaj, mus txog rau qee cov ntawv sau hauv tsev uas yuav txawm txheeb xyuas qhov kev lag luam logic.
Peb nres qee qhov hauv nruab nrab: peb muaj https thov rau qhov chaw tshwj xeeb, tsab ntawv hu ua, yog tias nws teb nrog 200th teb, peb ntseeg tias txhua yam zoo nrog cov neeg rau zaub mov no, tias nws tseem muaj sia nyob thiab tuaj yeem qhib tau zoo. yooj yim.
Qhov no, dua, saib hauv kev xyaum li cas? Cia peb tua lub server rau kev saib xyuas - flashing lub BIOS, piv txwv li. Nyob rau hauv lub cav, peb tam sim ntawd muaj ib tug ncua sij hawm, peb pom thawj kab, ces tom qab peb sim nws yog cim raws li "ua tsis tau tejyam", thiab nws tsuas yog tshem tawm ntawm daim ntawv.
Kev xaiv tus cwj pwm thib ob kuj tuaj yeem ua tau, thaum VS tsuas yog teem rau xoom, tab sis yog tias daim duab rov qab, qhov no tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Cov neeg rau zaub mov tuaj, Nginx pib muaj, kev kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tam sim ntawd nkag siab tias kev sib txuas ua haujlwm, txhua yam zoo, thiab cov neeg rau zaub mov tshwm hauv peb daim ntawv teev npe, thiab cov khoom thauj tam sim ntawd pib siv rau nws. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua phau ntawv ua haujlwm los ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm lub luag haujlwm. Lub server rebooted thaum hmo ntuj - lub tuam tsev saib xyuas tsis hu rau peb txog qhov no thaum hmo ntuj. Lawv qhia rau koj tias qhov no tshwm sim, txhua yam zoo.
Yog li, nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev yooj yim, nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug me me ntawm cov servers, peb daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm sab nraud txhaum kam rau ua.
Txhua yam uas tseem yuav tau hais yog tias tag nrho cov no, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Cais, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias Keepalivede, raws li software tau sau ntev dhau los, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los saib xyuas nws, ob qho tib si siv cov tshev ntawm DBus, SMTP, SNMP, thiab tus qauv Zabbix. Ntxiv rau, nws tus kheej paub sau ntawv yuav luag txhua qhov txham, thiab ua kom ncaj ncees, qee lub sijhawm peb txawm xav tias yuav tsum kaw nws, vim nws sau ntawv ntau heev rau txhua qhov kev hloov tsheb, hloov mus, rau txhua qhov kev sib txuas IP, thiab lwm yam. Tau kawg, yog tias muaj ntau cov servers, ces koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam koj tus kheej nrog cov ntawv no. Peb saib xyuas nginx ntawm cov duab routers siv cov txheej txheem, thiab kev saib xyuas kho vajtse tsis tau ploj mus. Peb yuav, ntawm chav kawm, qhia ob yam ntxiv: thawj zaug, kev kuaj mob sab nraud thiab muaj, vim tias txawm tias txhua yam ua haujlwm, qhov tseeb, tej zaum cov neeg siv tsis tau txais cov duab vim muaj teeb meem nrog cov chaw muab kev pabcuam sab nraud lossis qee yam nyuaj dua. Nws yog ib txwm tsim nyog khaws cia ib qho chaw ntawm lwm lub network, hauv Amazon lossis lwm qhov, ib lub tshuab cais uas tuaj yeem ping koj cov servers los ntawm sab nraud, thiab nws tseem tsim nyog siv qhov kev kuaj pom tsis zoo, rau cov neeg uas paub yuav ua li cas kom paub siv lub tshuab tsis zoo, lossis kev saib xyuas yooj yim. , yam tsawg kawg yog txhawm rau taug qab yog tias kev thov tau poob qis, lossis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nce ntxiv. Nws kuj tseem yuav pab tau.
Wb xaus lus: peb, qhov tseeb, hloov cov hlau-clad tov, uas nyob rau hauv ib co taw tes ceased tsis haum rau peb, nrog ib tug ncaj yooj yooj yim system uas ua txhua yam zoo ib yam, uas yog, nws muab kev txiav tawm ntawm HTTPS tsheb thiab ntxiv ntse routing nrog lub kev kuaj mob uas tsim nyog. Peb tau nce kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov system no, uas yog, peb tseem muaj siab txaus rau txhua txheej, ntxiv rau peb muaj cov nyiaj tshwj xeeb uas nws yooj yim heev los ntsuas nws tag nrho ntawm txhua txheej, vim tias nws yog tus qauv kho vajtse nrog tus qauv software, uas yog , peb tau simplified kuaj cov teeb meem.
Peb tau xaus li cas? Peb muaj teeb meem thaum lub Ib Hlis hnub so ntawm 2018. Hauv thawj rau lub hlis thaum peb muab cov tswv yim no los ua haujlwm, peb tau nthuav dav nws mus rau txhua lub tsheb thauj mus los txhawm rau tshem tawm tag nrho cov tsheb khiav los ntawm LTM, peb tsuas yog loj hlob hauv kev khiav tsheb hauv ib lub chaw cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 40 gigabits mus rau 60 gigabits, thiab tib lub sijhawm rau tag nrho 2018 xyoo tau xa yuav luag peb zaug ntxiv duab ib ob.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com