Atime hloov tshiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau ntawd thiab yuav ua li cas txog nws - nyeem tsab xov xwm.
Thaum twg kuv hloov kho Linux ntawm kuv lub computer hauv tsev, kuv yuav tsum daws qee yam teeb meem. Tau ntau xyoo, qhov no tau dhau los ua tus cwj pwm: Kuv rov qab kuv cov ntaub ntawv, so lub kaw lus, nruab txhua yam ntawm kos, rov qab kho kuv cov ntaub ntawv, tom qab ntawd rov nruab kuv daim ntawv thov nyiam. Kuv kuj hloov qhov system nqis rau kuv tus kheej. Qee lub sij hawm nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau dhau. Thiab tsis ntev los no kuv xav tias kuv xav tau qhov mob taub hau no.
sij hawm yog ib qho ntawm peb lub sijhawm rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv Linux (ntxiv rau qhov no tom qab). Tshwj xeeb, kuv xav tsis thoob yog tias nws tseem yuav yog ib lub tswv yim zoo los lov tes taw atime ntawm Linux systems tsis ntev los no. Txij li thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho txhua zaus cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus, kuv pom tau tias nws muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
Tsis ntev los no kuv tau hloov kho rau Fedora 32 thiab, tawm ntawm tus cwj pwm, pib los ntawm kev tsis siv sijhawm. Kuv xav tias: Kuv puas xav tau nws tiag? Kuv txiav txim siab los kawm txog qhov teeb meem no thiab qhov no yog qhov kuv tau khawb.
Ib me ntsis txog cov ntawv teev sijhawm
Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas nws, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib kauj ruam rov qab thiab nco ntsoov qee yam ntawm Linux cov ntaub ntawv thiab yuav ua li cas cov ntawv teev sijhawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov npe. Koj tuaj yeem pom hnub hloov kho kawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov npe los ntawm kev khiav cov lus txib ls -l (ntev) los yog tsuas yog saib cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws hauv tus thawj tswj ntaub ntawv. Tab sis tom qab qhov xwm txheej, Linux ntsiav tau taug qab ntau lub sijhawm rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov npe:
- Thaum twg yog cov ntaub ntawv kawg hloov kho (mtime)
- Thaum twg yog zaum kawg cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom thiab cov metadata raug hloov (ctime)
- Thaum twg yog cov ntaub ntawv kawg nkag tau (atime)
- Koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus txib statmus saib cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ib cov ntaub ntawv los yog directory. Ntawm no yog cov ntaub ntawv / etc / fstab los ntawm ib qho ntawm kuv xeem servers:
$ stat fstab
File: fstab
Size: 261 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: b303h/45827d Inode: 2097285 Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: system_u:object_r:etc_t:s0
Access: 2019-04-25 21:10:18.083325111 -0500
Modify: 2019-05-16 10:46:47.427686706 -0500
Change: 2019-05-16 10:46:47.434686674 -0500
Birth: 2019-04-25 21:03:11.840496275 -0500Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau tsim thaum lub Plaub Hlis 25, 2019 thaum kuv teeb tsa lub kaw lus. Kuv cov ntaub ntawv / etc / fstab tau hloov kho zaum kawg rau lub Tsib Hlis 16, 2019, thiab tag nrho lwm cov cwj pwm tau hloov pauv tib lub sijhawm.
Yog kuv luam / etc / fstab rau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, cov hnub hloov pauv qhia tias nws yog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab:
$ sudo cp fstab fstab.bak
$ stat fstab.bak
File: fstab.bak
Size: 261 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: b303h/45827d Inode: 2105664 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:etc_t:s0
Access: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500
Modify: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.443659981 -0500
Change: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.443659981 -0500
Birth: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500Tab sis yog tias kuv tsuas yog hloov npe cov ntaub ntawv yam tsis hloov nws cov ntsiab lus, Linux tsuas yog hloov kho lub sijhawm cov ntaub ntawv tau hloov kho:
$ sudo mv fstab.bak fstab.tmp
$ stat fstab.tmp
File: fstab.tmp
Size: 261 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: b303h/45827d Inode: 2105664 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:etc_t:s0
Access: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500
Modify: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.443659981 -0500
Change: 2020-05-12 17:54:24.576508232 -0500
Birth: 2020-05-12 17:53:58.442659986 -0500Cov ntawv teev sijhawm no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qee qhov kev pabcuam Unix. Piv txwv li, biff yog ib qho kev pab cuam ceeb toom rau koj thaum muaj lus tshiab hauv koj tus email. Niaj hnub no ob peb tus neeg siv , tab sis nyob rau hauv cov hnub thaum mailboxes nyob rau hauv lub system, biff yog heev ntau.
Qhov kev pab cuam paub li cas yog tias koj muaj cov ntawv tshiab hauv koj lub inbox? biff piv rau lub sijhawm hloov kho kawg (thaum cov ntaub ntawv inbox tau hloov kho nrog email tshiab) thiab lub sijhawm nkag mus dhau los (lub sijhawm kawg koj nyeem koj email). Yog tias qhov kev hloov pauv tshwm sim tom qab nkag mus, ces biff yuav nkag siab tias tsab ntawv tshiab tuaj txog thiab yuav ceeb toom rau koj txog nws. Mutt email tus neeg siv khoom ua haujlwm zoo ib yam.
Lub sij hawm nkag mus zaum kawg kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias koj xav tau sau cov ntaub ntawv siv cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas thiab qhib kev ua haujlwm. Cov thawj tswj hwm yuav tsum paub tias cov khoom twg raug nkag mus kom lawv tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv raws li.
Tab sis feem ntau cov kev pab cuam niaj hnub no tsis xav tau daim ntawv lo, yog li muaj kev thov kom tsis txhob siv nws. Hauv xyoo 2007, Linus Torvalds thiab ob peb lwm cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam tau tham txog lub sijhawm hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov teeb meem kev ua haujlwm. Linux kernel developer Ingo Molnar ua cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no txog atime thiab ext3 cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus:
"Nws yog qhov txawv heev uas txhua lub Linux desktop thiab cov neeg rau zaub mov raug kev txom nyem I / O kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo vim qhov hloov tshiab tas li, txawm tias tsuas muaj ob tus neeg siv tiag tiag: tmpwatch [uas tuaj yeem teeb tsa siv ctime, yog li nws tsis yog teeb meem loj] thiab qee cov cuab yeej thaub qab."
Tab sis tib neeg tseem siv qee qhov kev pab cuam uas xav tau daim ntawv lo no. Yog li tshem tawm atime yuav rhuav tshem lawv cov haujlwm. Linux kernel developers yuav tsum tsis txhob ua txhaum rau cov neeg siv kev ywj pheej.
Xalaumoo txoj kev daws
Muaj ntau daim ntawv thov suav nrog hauv Linux faib thiab ntxiv rau, cov neeg siv tuaj yeem rub tawm thiab nruab lwm cov kev pabcuam raws li lawv xav tau. Qhov no yog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm qhov qhib OS. Tab sis qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau optimize koj cov ntaub ntawv system kev ua tau zoo. Tshem tawm cov khoom siv uas siv cov khoom siv yuav cuam tshuam rau lub cev.
Raws li kev cuam tshuam, Linux kernel developers tau qhia txog kev xaiv relaytime tshiab uas yog npaj los tawm tsam qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab kev sib raug zoo:
atime hloov kho tsuas yog tias lub sijhawm nkag mus dhau los tsawg dua li qhov hloov pauv tam sim no lossis lub sijhawm hloov pauv ... Txij li Linux 2.6.30, cov ntsiav siv qhov kev xaiv no los ntawm lub neej ntawd (tshwj tsis yog noatime tau teev tseg)... Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li Linux 2.6.30 . 1, lub sijhawm nkag mus zaum kawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm hloov kho yog tias nws muaj ntau dua XNUMX hnub qub.
Niaj hnub nimno Linux systems (txij li Linux 2.6.30, tso tawm xyoo 2009) twb siv relaytime, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo heev. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj tsis tas yuav teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv / etc / fstab, thiab nrog relaytime koj tuaj yeem tso siab rau lub neej ntawd.
Txhim kho qhov system ua haujlwm nrog noatime
Tab sis yog tias koj xav qhib koj lub kaw lus kom tau txais kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws, kev ua haujlwm tsis siv sijhawm yog tseem ua tau.
Kev hloov pauv kev ua tau zoo yuav tsis pom zoo rau cov tsav tam sim no nrawm heev (xws li NVME lossis Fast SSD), tab sis muaj qhov nce me me nyob ntawd.
Yog tias koj paub tias koj tsis siv software uas xav tau atime, koj tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm me ntsis los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev xaiv noatime hauv cov ntaub ntawv /etc/fstab. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntsiav yuav tsis hloov kho txhua lub sijhawm. Siv qhov kev xaiv noatime thaum mounting lub filesystem:
/dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-root / ext4 defaults,noatime,x-systemd.device-timeout=0 1 1
UUID=be37c451-915e-4355-95c4-654729cf662a /boot ext4 defaults,noatime 1 2
UUID=C594-12B1 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 2
/dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-home /home ext4 defaults,noatime,x-systemd.device-timeout=0 1 2
/dev/mapper/fedora_localhost--live-swap none swap defaults,x-systemd.device-timeout=0 0 0Cov kev hloov pauv yuav siv tau rau lwm zaus koj rov pib dua.
Rau Txoj Cai Kev Tshaj Tawm
Koj puas xav tau lub server los tuav koj lub vev xaib? Peb lub tuam txhab muab nrog kev them nyiaj txhua hnub lossis ib zaug, txhua tus neeg rau zaub mov txuas nrog Is Taws Nem channel ntawm 500 Megabits thiab tiv thaiv DDoS tawm tsam dawb!
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com